The breaking of flavor democracy in the quark sectorSupported by National Natural Science Foundation of China (11375207) and National Basic Research Program of China (2013CB834300)
Harald Fritzsch (Physics Department, Ludwig Maximilians University, D-80333 Munich, Germany); Zhi-Zhong Xing (Center for High Energy Physics, Peking University, Beijing 100080, China, Institute of High Energy Physics, and School of Physical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China); Di Zhang (Institute of High Energy Physics, and School of Physical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China, College of Physical Science and Technology, Central China Normal University, Wuhan 430079, China)
The democracy of quark flavors is a well-motivated flavor symmetry, but it must be properly broken in order to explain the observed quark mass spectrum and flavor mixing pattern. We reconstruct the texture of flavor democracy breaking and evaluate its strength in a novel way, by assuming a parallelism between the Q=+2/3 and Q=−1/3 quark sectors and using a nontrivial parametrization of the flavor mixing matrix. Some phenomenological implications of such democratic quark mass matrices, including their variations in the hierarchy basis and their evolution from the electroweak scale to a super-high energy scale, are also discussed.
