We report first measurements of pair production in the mass region at low transverse momentum () in noncentral collisions at and collisions at . Significant enhancement factors, expressed as ratios of data over known hadronic contributions, are observed in the 40%–80% centrality of these collisions. The excess yields peak distinctly at low with a width () between 40 and . The absolute cross section of the excess depends weakly on centrality, while those from a theoretical model calculation incorporating an in-medium broadened spectral function and radiation from a quark gluon plasma or hadronic cocktail contributions increase dramatically with an increasing number of participant nucleons. Model calculations of photon-photon interactions generated by the initial projectile and target nuclei describe the observed excess yields but fail to reproduce the distributions.
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"titles": [
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"title": "Low-<math><msub><mi>p</mi><mi>T</mi></msub></math> <math><msup><mi>e</mi><mo>+</mo></msup><msup><mi>e</mi><mo>\u2212</mo></msup></math> Pair Production in <math><mrow><mi>Au</mi><mo>+</mo><mi>Au</mi></mrow></math> Collisions at <math><msqrt><msub><mi>s</mi><mrow><mi>N</mi><mi>N</mi></mrow></msub></msqrt><mo>=</mo><mn>200</mn><mtext> </mtext><mtext> </mtext><mi>GeV</mi></math> and <math><mrow><mi>U</mi><mo>+</mo><mi>U</mi></mrow></math> Collisions at <math><mrow><msqrt><mrow><msub><mrow><mi>s</mi></mrow><mrow><mi>N</mi><mi>N</mi></mrow></msub></mrow></msqrt><mo>=</mo><mn>193</mn><mtext> </mtext><mtext> </mtext><mi>GeV</mi></mrow></math> at STAR"
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"journal_title": "Physical Review Letters",
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"statement": "Published by the American Physical Society",
"year": "2018"
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"value": "We report first measurements of <math><msup><mi>e</mi><mo>+</mo></msup><msup><mi>e</mi><mo>\u2212</mo></msup></math> pair production in the mass region <math><mrow><mn>0.4</mn><mo><</mo><msub><mrow><mi>M</mi></mrow><mrow><mi>e</mi><mi>e</mi></mrow></msub><mo><</mo><mn>2.6</mn><mtext> </mtext><mtext> </mtext><mi>GeV</mi><mo>/</mo><msup><mrow><mi>c</mi></mrow><mrow><mn>2</mn></mrow></msup></mrow></math> at low transverse momentum (<math><msub><mi>p</mi><mi>T</mi></msub><mo><</mo><mn>0.15</mn><mtext> </mtext><mtext> </mtext><mi>GeV</mi><mo>/</mo><mi>c</mi></math>) in noncentral <math><mrow><mi>Au</mi><mo>+</mo><mi>Au</mi></mrow></math> collisions at <math><msqrt><msub><mi>s</mi><mrow><mi>N</mi><mi>N</mi></mrow></msub></msqrt><mo>=</mo><mn>200</mn><mtext> </mtext><mtext> </mtext><mi>GeV</mi></math> and <math><mrow><mi>U</mi><mo>+</mo><mi>U</mi></mrow></math> collisions at <math><msqrt><msub><mi>s</mi><mrow><mi>N</mi><mi>N</mi></mrow></msub></msqrt><mo>=</mo><mn>193</mn><mtext> </mtext><mtext> </mtext><mi>GeV</mi></math>. Significant enhancement factors, expressed as ratios of data over known hadronic contributions, are observed in the 40%\u201380% centrality of these collisions. The excess yields peak distinctly at low <math><msub><mi>p</mi><mi>T</mi></msub></math> with a width (<math><msqrt><mrow><mo>\u27e8</mo><msubsup><mi>p</mi><mi>T</mi><mn>2</mn></msubsup><mo>\u27e9</mo></mrow></msqrt></math>) between 40 and <math><mrow><mn>60</mn><mtext> </mtext><mtext> </mtext><mi>MeV</mi><mo>/</mo><mi>c</mi></mrow></math>. The absolute cross section of the excess depends weakly on centrality, while those from a theoretical model calculation incorporating an in-medium broadened <math><mi>\u03c1</mi></math> spectral function and radiation from a quark gluon plasma or hadronic cocktail contributions increase dramatically with an increasing number of participant nucleons. Model calculations of photon-photon interactions generated by the initial projectile and target nuclei describe the observed excess yields but fail to reproduce the <math><msubsup><mi>p</mi><mi>T</mi><mn>2</mn></msubsup></math> distributions."
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