Skewness, kurtosis, and the fifth and sixth order cumulants of net baryon-number distributions from lattice QCD confront high-statistics STAR data
A. Bazavov (Department of Computational Mathematics, Science and Engineering and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA); D. Bollweg (Fakultät für Physik, Universität Bielefeld, D-33615 Bielefeld, Germany); H.T. Ding (Key Laboratory of Quark & Lepton Physics (MOE) and Institute of Particle Physics, Central China Normal University, Wuhan 430079, China); P. Enns (Fakultät für Physik, Universität Bielefeld, D-33615 Bielefeld, Germany); J. Goswami (Fakultät für Physik, Universität Bielefeld, D-33615 Bielefeld, Germany); et al - Show all 15 authors
We present new results on up to sixth-order cumulants of net baryon-number fluctuations at small values of the baryon chemical potential, , obtained in lattice QCD calculations with physical values of light and strange quark masses. Representing the Taylor expansions of higher-order cumulants in terms of the ratio of the two lowest-order cumulants, , allows for a parameter-free comparison with data on net proton-number cumulants obtained by the STAR Collaboration in the Beam Energy Scan at RHIC. We show that recent high-statistics data on skewness and kurtosis ratios of net proton-number distributions, obtained at a beam energy , agree well with lattice QCD results on cumulants of net baryon-number fluctuations close to the pseudocritical temperature, , for the chiral transition in QCD. We also present first results from a next-to-leading-order expansion of fifth- and sixth-order cumulants on the line of the pseudocritical temperatures.
