Velocity independent constraints on spin-dependent DM-nucleon interactions from IceCube and PICO

M. Aartsen (Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Canterbury, Christchurch, New Zealand) ; M. Ackermann (DESY, Zeuthen, 15738, Germany) ; J. Adams (Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Canterbury, Christchurch, New Zealand) ; J. Aguilar (Science Faculty CP230, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, 1050, Belgium) ; M. Ahlers (Niels Bohr Institute, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, 2100, Denmark) ; et al. - Show all 420 authors

Adopting the Standard Halo Model (SHM) of an isotropic Maxwellian velocity distribution for dark matter (DM) particles in the Galaxy, the most stringent current constraints on their spin-dependent scattering cross-section with nucleons come from the IceCube neutrino observatory and the PICO-60 $$\hbox {C}_3\hbox {F}_8$$ C 3 F 8 superheated bubble chamber experiments. The former is sensitive to high energy neutrinos from the self-annihilation of DM particles captured in the Sun, while the latter looks for nuclear recoil events from DM scattering off nucleons. Although slower DM particles are more likely to be captured by the Sun, the faster ones are more likely to be detected by PICO. Recent N-body simulations suggest significant deviations from the SHM for the smooth halo component of the DM, while observations hint at a dominant fraction of the local DM being in substructures. We use the method of Ferrer et al. (JCAP 1509: 052, 2015) to exploit the complementarity between the two approaches and derive conservative constraints on DM-nucleon scattering. Our results constrain $$\sigma _{\mathrm{SD}} \lesssim 3 \times 10^{-39} \mathrm {cm}^2$$ σ SD 3 × 10 - 39 cm 2 ( $$6 \times 10^{-38} \mathrm {cm}^2$$ 6 × 10 - 38 cm 2 ) at $$\gtrsim 90\%$$ 90 % C.L. for a DM particle of mass 1 TeV annihilating into $$\tau ^+ \tau ^-$$ τ + τ - ( $$b\bar{b}$$ b b ¯ ) with a local density of $$\rho _{\mathrm{DM}} = 0.3~\mathrm {GeV/cm}^3$$ ρ DM = 0.3 GeV / cm 3 . The constraints scale inversely with $$\rho _{\mathrm{DM}}$$ ρ DM and are independent of the DM velocity distribution.

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          "value": "Department of Astronomy and Astrophysics, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, 16802, USA", 
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        {
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        {
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    {
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        {
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          "value": "Department of Physics and Astronomy, Bartol Research Institute, University of Delaware, Newark, DE, 19716, USA", 
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    {
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        {
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          "value": "Department of Physics, Oskar Klein Centre, Stockholm University, Stockholm, SE-10691, Sweden", 
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        {
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      "full_name": "De Ridder, S."
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    {
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        {
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        {
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          "value": "Institut f\u00fcr Physik, Humboldt-Universit\u00e4t zu Berlin, Berlin, 12489, Germany", 
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        {
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          "value": "Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, 48824, USA", 
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        {
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        {
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    {
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        {
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    {
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        {
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          "value": "Department of Physics, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, 16802, USA", 
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    {
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        {
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        {
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        {
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        {
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        {
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          "value": "Department of Physics, Southern University, Baton Rouge, LA, 70813, USA", 
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    {
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        {
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        {
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        {
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        {
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    {
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        {
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    {
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        {
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    {
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        {
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    {
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        {
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          "value": "Erlangen Centre for Astroparticle Physics, Friedrich-Alexander-Universit\u00e4t Erlangen-N\u00fcrnberg, Erlangen, 91058, Germany", 
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        {
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        {
          "country": "USA", 
          "value": "Department of Physics and Astronomy, Bartol Research Institute, University of Delaware, Newark, DE, 19716, USA", 
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    {
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        {
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          "value": "Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, 48824, USA", 
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    {
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        {
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          "value": "III. Physikalisches Institut, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, 52056, Germany", 
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      "given_names": "M.", 
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    {
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        {
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          "value": "Fakult\u00e4t f\u00fcr Physik & Astronomie, Ruhr-Universit\u00e4t Bochum, Bochum, 44780, Germany", 
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    {
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        {
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        {
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    {
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        {
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    {
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        {
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          "value": "Department of Physics, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophysics Center, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, 53706, USA", 
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    {
      "affiliations": [
        {
          "country": "USA", 
          "value": "Department of Physics, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophysics Center, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, 53706, USA", 
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          "value": "Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Institut f\u00fcr Kernphysik, Karlsruhe, 76021, Germany", 
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    {
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        {
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          "value": "Institut f\u00fcr Physik, Humboldt-Universit\u00e4t zu Berlin, Berlin, 12489, Germany", 
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    {
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        {
          "country": "Belgium", 
          "value": "Science Faculty CP230, Universit\u00e9 Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, 1050, Belgium", 
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    {
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        {
          "country": "Germany", 
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    {
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        {
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          "value": "Department of Physics, University of Wuppertal, Wuppertal, 42119, Germany", 
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    {
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        {
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          "value": "Department of Physics, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, 20742, USA", 
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      "full_name": "Hellauer, R."
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    {
      "affiliations": [
        {
          "country": "Germany", 
          "value": "Physik-department, Technische Universit\u00e4t M\u00fcnchen, Garching, 85748, Germany", 
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    {
      "affiliations": [
        {
          "country": "Germany", 
          "value": "Department of Physics, University of Wuppertal, Wuppertal, 42119, Germany", 
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      "full_name": "Hickford, S."
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    {
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        {
          "country": "Canada", 
          "value": "Department of Physics, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, T6G 2E1, Canada", 
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      "surname": "Hignight", 
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      "full_name": "Hignight, J."
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    {
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        {
          "country": "Australia", 
          "value": "Department of Physics, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, 5005, Australia", 
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    {
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        {
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      "full_name": "Hoffman, K."
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    {
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        {
          "country": "Germany", 
          "value": "Department of Physics, University of Wuppertal, Wuppertal, 42119, Germany", 
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      "given_names": "R.", 
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    {
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        {
          "country": "Germany", 
          "value": "Department of Physics, TU Dortmund University, Dortmund, 44221, Germany", 
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      ], 
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      "given_names": "T.", 
      "full_name": "Hoinka, T."
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    {
      "affiliations": [
        {
          "country": "USA", 
          "value": "Department of Physics, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophysics Center, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, 53706, USA", 
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    {
      "affiliations": [
        {
          "country": "USA", 
          "value": "Department of Physics, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophysics Center, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, 53706, USA", 
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      "given_names": "K.", 
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    {
      "affiliations": [
        {
          "country": "USA", 
          "value": "Department of Physics, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, 16802, USA", 
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      "surname": "Huang", 
      "given_names": "F.", 
      "full_name": "Huang, F."
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    {
      "affiliations": [
        {
          "country": "Germany", 
          "value": "Physik-department, Technische Universit\u00e4t M\u00fcnchen, Garching, 85748, Germany", 
          "organization": "Technische Universit\u00e4t M\u00fcnchen"
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    {
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        {
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          "value": "DESY, Zeuthen, 15738, Germany", 
          "organization": "DESY"
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        {
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    {
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        {
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          "value": "Department of Physics, Oskar Klein Centre, Stockholm University, Stockholm, SE-10691, Sweden", 
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      "given_names": "K.", 
      "full_name": "Hultqvist, K."
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    {
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        {
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          "value": "Department of Physics, TU Dortmund University, Dortmund, 44221, Germany", 
          "organization": "TU Dortmund University"
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    {
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        {
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          "value": "Department of Physics, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophysics Center, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, 53706, USA", 
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    {
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        {
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    {
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        {
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          "value": "Science Faculty CP230, Universit\u00e9 Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, 1050, Belgium", 
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    {
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        {
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    {
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        {
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        {
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    {
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        {
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    {
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        {
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          "value": "Department of Physics, University of Texas at Arlington, 502 Yates St., Science Hall Rm 108, Arlington, TX, 76019, USA", 
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    {
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        {
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          "value": "III. Physikalisches Institut, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, 52056, Germany", 
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    {
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        {
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    {
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        {
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          "value": "Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Institut f\u00fcr Kernphysik, Karlsruhe, 76021, Germany", 
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        {
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    {
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        {
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          "value": "Institute of Physics, University of Mainz, Staudinger Weg 7, Mainz, 55099, Germany", 
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    {
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        {
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    {
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        {
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          "value": "Physik-department, Technische Universit\u00e4t M\u00fcnchen, Garching, 85748, Germany", 
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      "given_names": "M.", 
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    {
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        {
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          "value": "Department of Physics, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophysics Center, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, 53706, USA", 
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    {
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        {
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          "value": "Erlangen Centre for Astroparticle Physics, Friedrich-Alexander-Universit\u00e4t Erlangen-N\u00fcrnberg, Erlangen, 91058, Germany", 
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    {
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        {
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          "value": "Department of Physics, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophysics Center, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, 53706, USA", 
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    {
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        {
          "country": "USA", 
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    {
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        {
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          "value": "Department of Physics, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophysics Center, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, 53706, USA", 
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    {
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        {
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          "value": "Department of Physics, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, 16419, Korea", 
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    {
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        {
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    {
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        {
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          "value": "Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, 11794-3800, USA", 
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    {
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        {
          "country": "Germany", 
          "value": "Erlangen Centre for Astroparticle Physics, Friedrich-Alexander-Universit\u00e4t Erlangen-N\u00fcrnberg, Erlangen, 91058, Germany", 
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    {
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        {
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        {
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    {
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        {
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          "value": "Department of Physics and Astronomy, Bartol Research Institute, University of Delaware, Newark, DE, 19716, USA", 
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      "given_names": "R.", 
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    {
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        {
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          "value": "Institut f\u00fcr Physik, Humboldt-Universit\u00e4t zu Berlin, Berlin, 12489, Germany", 
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    {
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        {
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          "value": "Institute of Physics, University of Mainz, Staudinger Weg 7, Mainz, 55099, Germany", 
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    {
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        {
          "country": "USA", 
          "value": "Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, 48824, USA", 
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      "given_names": "C.", 
      "full_name": "Kopper, C."
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    {
      "affiliations": [
        {
          "country": "USA", 
          "value": "Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, AL, 35487, USA", 
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        {
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    {
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        {
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        {
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      "given_names": "M.", 
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    {
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        {
          "country": "Germany", 
          "value": "Physik-department, Technische Universit\u00e4t M\u00fcnchen, Garching, 85748, Germany", 
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      "given_names": "K.", 
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    {
      "affiliations": [
        {
          "country": "Germany", 
          "value": "Institute of Physics, University of Mainz, Staudinger Weg 7, Mainz, 55099, Germany", 
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      "full_name": "Kr\u00fcckl, G."
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    {
      "affiliations": [
        {
          "country": "Canada", 
          "value": "Department of Physics, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, T6G 2E1, Canada", 
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      "given_names": "N.", 
      "full_name": "Kulacz, N."
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    {
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        {
          "country": "USA", 
          "value": "Department of Physics, Drexel University, 3141 Chestnut Street, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA", 
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      "given_names": "N.", 
      "full_name": "Kurahashi, N."
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        {
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          "value": "Department of Physics, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, 5005, Australia", 
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    {
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        {
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          "value": "Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Gent, Ghent, 9000, Belgium", 
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      "surname": "Labare", 
      "given_names": "M.", 
      "full_name": "Labare, M."
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    {
      "affiliations": [
        {
          "country": "USA", 
          "value": "Department of Physics, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, 16802, USA", 
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      "given_names": "J.", 
      "full_name": "Lanfranchi, J."
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    {
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        {
          "country": "USA", 
          "value": "Department of Physics, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, 20742, USA", 
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      "given_names": "M.", 
      "full_name": "Larson, M."
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    {
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        {
          "country": "Germany", 
          "value": "Department of Physics, University of Wuppertal, Wuppertal, 42119, Germany", 
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      "surname": "Lauber", 
      "given_names": "F.", 
      "full_name": "Lauber, F."
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    {
      "affiliations": [
        {
          "country": "USA", 
          "value": "Department of Physics, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophysics Center, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, 53706, USA", 
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    {
      "affiliations": [
        {
          "country": "USA", 
          "value": "Department of Physics, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophysics Center, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, 53706, USA", 
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    {
      "affiliations": [
        {
          "country": "Germany", 
          "value": "Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Institut f\u00fcr Kernphysik, Karlsruhe, 76021, Germany", 
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      ], 
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      "given_names": "A.", 
      "full_name": "Leszczynska, A."
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    {
      "affiliations": [
        {
          "country": "Germany", 
          "value": "III. Physikalisches Institut, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, 52056, Germany", 
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      "given_names": "M.", 
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    {
      "affiliations": [
        {
          "country": "USA", 
          "value": "Department of Physics, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophysics Center, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, 53706, USA", 
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      "full_name": "Liu, Q."
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    {
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        {
          "country": "Germany", 
          "value": "Institute of Physics, University of Mainz, Staudinger Weg 7, Mainz, 55099, Germany", 
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      "given_names": "E.", 
      "full_name": "Lohfink, E."
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    {
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        {
          "country": "Germany", 
          "value": "Institut f\u00fcr Kernphysik, Westf\u00e4lische Wilhelms-Universit\u00e4t M\u00fcnster, Munster, 48149, Germany", 
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      "full_name": "Lozano Mariscal, C."
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    {
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        {
          "country": "Japan", 
          "value": "Department of Physics and Institute for Global Prominent Research, Chiba University, Chiba, 263-8522, Japan", 
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      "given_names": "L.", 
      "full_name": "Lu, L."
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    {
      "affiliations": [
        {
          "country": "Switzerland", 
          "value": "D\u00e9partement de physique nucl\u00e9aire et corpusculaire, Universit\u00e9 de Gen\u00e8ve, Geneva, 1211, Switzerland", 
          "organization": "Universit\u00e9 de Gen\u00e8ve"
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      ], 
      "surname": "Lucarelli", 
      "given_names": "F.", 
      "full_name": "Lucarelli, F."
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    {
      "affiliations": [
        {
          "country": "Belgium", 
          "value": "Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB), Dienst ELEM, Brussels, 1050, Belgium", 
          "organization": "Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB), Dienst ELEM"
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      ], 
      "surname": "L\u00fcnemann", 
      "given_names": "J.", 
      "full_name": "L\u00fcnemann, J."
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    {
      "affiliations": [
        {
          "country": "USA", 
          "value": "Department of Physics, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophysics Center, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, 53706, USA", 
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      "full_name": "Luszczak, W."
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    {
      "affiliations": [
        {
          "country": "USA", 
          "value": "Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA", 
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      "surname": "Lyu", 
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      "full_name": "Lyu, Y."
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    {
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        {
          "country": "Germany", 
          "value": "DESY, Zeuthen, 15738, Germany", 
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      "given_names": "W.", 
      "full_name": "Ma, W."
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    {
      "affiliations": [
        {
          "country": "USA", 
          "value": "Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin, River Falls, WI, 54022, USA", 
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      "surname": "Madsen", 
      "given_names": "J.", 
      "full_name": "Madsen, J."
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    {
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        {
          "country": "Belgium", 
          "value": "Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB), Dienst ELEM, Brussels, 1050, Belgium", 
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      ], 
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    {
      "affiliations": [
        {
          "country": "USA", 
          "value": "Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, 48824, USA", 
          "organization": "Michigan State University"
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      ], 
      "surname": "Mahn", 
      "given_names": "K.", 
      "full_name": "Mahn, K."
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    {
      "affiliations": [
        {
          "country": "Japan", 
          "value": "Department of Physics and Institute for Global Prominent Research, Chiba University, Chiba, 263-8522, Japan", 
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      "surname": "Makino", 
      "given_names": "Y.", 
      "full_name": "Makino, Y."
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    {
      "affiliations": [
        {
          "country": "Germany", 
          "value": "III. Physikalisches Institut, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, 52056, Germany", 
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      ], 
      "surname": "Mallik", 
      "given_names": "P.", 
      "full_name": "Mallik, P."
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    {
      "affiliations": [
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          "value": "Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, 48824, USA", 
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        {
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          "value": "Department of Physics, TU Dortmund University, Dortmund, 44221, Germany", 
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    {
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        {
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      "given_names": "C.", 
      "full_name": "Walck, C."
    }, 
    {
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        {
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          "value": "Department of Physics, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, 5005, Australia", 
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        {
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          "value": "III. Physikalisches Institut, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, 52056, Germany", 
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      "given_names": "M.", 
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    {
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        {
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          "value": "Department of Physics, Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophysics Center, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, 53706, USA", 
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    {
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        {
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          "value": "Department of Physics, University of Texas at Arlington, 502 Yates St., Science Hall Rm 108, Arlington, TX, 76019, USA", 
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        {
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          "value": "Department of Physics, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, T6G 2E1, Canada", 
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        {
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          "value": "Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Institut f\u00fcr Kernphysik, Karlsruhe, 76021, Germany", 
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    {
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        {
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          "value": "Department of Physics, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, 16802, USA", 
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    {
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        {
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        {
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    {
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        {
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        {
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    {
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        {
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    {
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        {
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        {
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        {
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      "given_names": "T.", 
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    {
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        {
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    {
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        {
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          "value": "Erlangen Centre for Astroparticle Physics, Friedrich-Alexander-Universit\u00e4t Erlangen-N\u00fcrnberg, Erlangen, 91058, Germany", 
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    {
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        {
          "country": "USA", 
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        {
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          "value": "Department of Physics, Southern University, Baton Rouge, LA, 70813, USA", 
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    {
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        {
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    {
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        {
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    {
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        {
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          "value": "Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of California, Irvine, CA, 92697, USA", 
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        {
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        {
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    {
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        {
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          "value": "III. Physikalisches Institut, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, 52056, Germany", 
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        {
          "country": "Canada", 
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        {
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          "value": "Departament de F\u00edsica Aplicada, IGIC, Universitat Polit\u00e8cnica de Val\u00e8ncia, Gandia, 46730, Spain", 
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        {
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        {
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        {
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          "value": "Department of Physics, Queen\u2019s University, Kingston, K7L 3N6, Canada", 
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        {
          "country": "Canada", 
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    {
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        {
          "country": "Canada", 
          "value": "Department of Physics, Queen\u2019s University, Kingston, K7L 3N6, Canada", 
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        {
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        {
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        {
          "country": "Canada", 
          "value": "Department of Physics, Queen\u2019s University, Kingston, K7L 3N6, Canada", 
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    {
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        {
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          "value": "Department of Physics, University of Alberta, Edmonton, T6G 2E1, Canada", 
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      "given_names": "S.", 
      "full_name": "Fallows, S."
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    {
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        {
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          "value": "Department of Physics, Laurentian University, Sudbury, P3E 2C6, Canada", 
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      "given_names": "J.", 
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    {
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        {
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          "value": "Departament de F\u00edsica Aplicada, IGIC, Universitat Polit\u00e8cnica de Val\u00e8ncia, Gandia, 46730, Spain", 
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    {
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        {
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          "value": "Institute of Experimental and Applied Physics, Czech Technical University in Prague, Prague, 12800, Czech Republic", 
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    {
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        {
          "country": "Canada", 
          "value": "Department of Physics, Laurentian University, Sudbury, P3E 2C6, Canada", 
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        {
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    {
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        {
          "country": "Canada", 
          "value": "Department of Physics, Queen\u2019s University, Kingston, K7L 3N6, Canada", 
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        {
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          "value": "SNOLAB, Lively, ON, P3Y 1N2, Canada", 
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    {
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        {
          "country": "Canada", 
          "value": "Department of Physics, Queen\u2019s University, Kingston, K7L 3N6, Canada", 
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    {
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        {
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          "value": "Northeastern Illinois University, Chicago, IL, 60625, USA", 
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        {
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    {
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        {
          "country": "USA", 
          "value": "Department of Physics and Astronomy, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, 60208, USA", 
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    {
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        {
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    {
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        {
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          "value": "Department of Physics, University of Alberta, Edmonton, T6G 2E1, Canada", 
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    {
      "affiliations": [
        {
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          "value": "D\u00e9partement de Physique, Universit\u00e9 de Montr\u00e9al, Montr\u00e9al, H3C 3J7, Canada", 
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    {
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        {
          "country": "Canada", 
          "value": "Department of Physics, Laurentian University, Sudbury, P3E 2C6, Canada", 
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        {
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    {
      "affiliations": [
        {
          "country": "Canada", 
          "value": "Department of Physics, Laurentian University, Sudbury, P3E 2C6, Canada", 
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      "surname": "Leblanc", 
      "given_names": "A.", 
      "full_name": "Leblanc, A."
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    {
      "affiliations": [
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  ], 
  "titles": [
    {
      "source": "Springer", 
      "title": "Velocity independent constraints on spin-dependent DM-nucleon interactions from IceCube and PICO"
    }
  ], 
  "dois": [
    {
      "value": "10.1140/epjc/s10052-020-8069-5"
    }
  ], 
  "publication_info": [
    {
      "page_end": "8", 
      "journal_title": "European Physical Journal C", 
      "material": "article", 
      "journal_volume": "80", 
      "artid": "s10052-020-8069-5", 
      "year": 2020, 
      "page_start": "1", 
      "journal_issue": "9"
    }
  ], 
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  "acquisition_source": {
    "date": "2020-12-17T01:30:50.690307", 
    "source": "Springer", 
    "method": "Springer", 
    "submission_number": "ff488d363ffe11ebbd0e02163e01809a"
  }, 
  "page_nr": [
    8
  ], 
  "license": [
    {
      "url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses//by/4.0", 
      "license": "CC-BY-4.0"
    }
  ], 
  "copyright": [
    {
      "holder": "The Author(s)", 
      "year": "2020"
    }
  ], 
  "control_number": "56776", 
  "record_creation_date": "2020-09-04T20:30:21.888998", 
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  ], 
  "collaborations": [
    {
      "value": "IceCube Collaboration"
    }, 
    {
      "value": "PICO Collaboration"
    }
  ], 
  "collections": [
    {
      "primary": "European Physical Journal C"
    }
  ], 
  "abstracts": [
    {
      "source": "Springer", 
      "value": "Adopting the Standard Halo Model (SHM) of an isotropic Maxwellian velocity distribution for dark matter (DM) particles in the Galaxy, the most stringent current constraints on their spin-dependent scattering cross-section with nucleons come from the IceCube neutrino observatory and the PICO-60  $$\\hbox {C}_3\\hbox {F}_8$$  <math> <mrow> <msub> <mtext>C</mtext> <mn>3</mn> </msub> <msub> <mtext>F</mtext> <mn>8</mn> </msub> </mrow> </math>   superheated bubble chamber experiments. The former is sensitive to high energy neutrinos from the self-annihilation of DM particles captured in the Sun, while the latter looks for nuclear recoil events from DM scattering off nucleons. Although slower DM particles are more likely to be captured by the Sun, the faster ones are more likely to be detected by PICO. Recent N-body simulations suggest significant deviations from the SHM for the smooth halo component of the DM, while observations hint at a dominant fraction of the local DM being in substructures. We use the method of Ferrer et al. (JCAP 1509: 052, 2015) to exploit the complementarity between the two approaches and derive conservative constraints on DM-nucleon scattering. Our results constrain  $$\\sigma _{\\mathrm{SD}} \\lesssim 3 \\times 10^{-39} \\mathrm {cm}^2$$  <math> <mrow> <msub> <mi>\u03c3</mi> <mi>SD</mi> </msub> <mo>\u2272</mo> <mn>3</mn> <mo>\u00d7</mo> <msup> <mn>10</mn> <mrow> <mo>-</mo> <mn>39</mn> </mrow> </msup> <msup> <mrow> <mi>cm</mi> </mrow> <mn>2</mn> </msup> </mrow> </math>   ( $$6 \\times 10^{-38} \\mathrm {cm}^2$$  <math> <mrow> <mn>6</mn> <mo>\u00d7</mo> <msup> <mn>10</mn> <mrow> <mo>-</mo> <mn>38</mn> </mrow> </msup> <msup> <mrow> <mi>cm</mi> </mrow> <mn>2</mn> </msup> </mrow> </math>  ) at  $$\\gtrsim 90\\%$$  <math> <mrow> <mo>\u2273</mo> <mn>90</mn> <mo>%</mo> </mrow> </math>   C.L. for a DM particle of mass 1 TeV annihilating into  $$\\tau ^+ \\tau ^-$$  <math> <mrow> <msup> <mi>\u03c4</mi> <mo>+</mo> </msup> <msup> <mi>\u03c4</mi> <mo>-</mo> </msup> </mrow> </math>   ( $$b\\bar{b}$$  <math> <mrow> <mi>b</mi> <mover> <mrow> <mi>b</mi> </mrow> <mrow> <mo>\u00af</mo> </mrow> </mover> </mrow> </math>  ) with a local density of  $$\\rho _{\\mathrm{DM}} = 0.3~\\mathrm {GeV/cm}^3$$  <math> <mrow> <msub> <mi>\u03c1</mi> <mi>DM</mi> </msub> <mo>=</mo> <mn>0.3</mn> <mspace width=\"3.33333pt\"></mspace> <msup> <mrow> <mi>GeV</mi> <mo>/</mo> <mi>cm</mi> </mrow> <mn>3</mn> </msup> </mrow> </math>  . The constraints scale inversely with  $$\\rho _{\\mathrm{DM}}$$  <math> <msub> <mi>\u03c1</mi> <mi>DM</mi> </msub> </math>   and are independent of the DM velocity distribution."
    }
  ], 
  "imprints": [
    {
      "date": "2020-09-04", 
      "publisher": "Springer"
    }
  ]
}
Published on:
04 September 2020
Publisher:
Springer
Published in:
European Physical Journal C , Volume 80 (2020)
Issue 9
Pages 1-8
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1140/epjc/s10052-020-8069-5
Copyrights:
The Author(s)
Licence:
CC-BY-4.0

Fulltext files: