The Casimir effect in the presence of infrared transparency

Max Warkentin (Arnold Sommerfeld Center for Theoretical Physics, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, Theresienstraße 37, München, 80333, Germany)

We revisit the Casimir effect perceived by two surfaces in the presence of infrared (IR) transparency. To address this problem, we study a model, where such a phenomenon naturally arises: the DGP model with two parallel 3-branes, each endowed with a localized curvature term. In that model, the ultraviolet modes of the 5-dimensional graviton are suppressed on the branes, while the IR modes can penetrate them freely. First, we find that the DGP branes act as “effective” (momentum-dependent) boundary conditions for the gravitational field, so that the (gravitational) Casimir force between them emerges. Second, we discover that the presence of an IR transparency region for the discrete modes modifies the standard Casimir force — as derived for ideal Dirichlet boundary conditions — in two competing ways: i) The exclusion of soft modes from the discrete spectrum leads to an increase of the Casimir force. ii) The non-ideal nature of the boundary conditions gives rise to a “leakage” of hard modes. As a result of i) and ii), the Casimir force becomes weaker. Since the derivation of this result involves only the localized kinetic terms of a quantum field on parallel surfaces (with codimension one), the derived Casimir force is expected to be present in a variety of setups in arbitrary dimensions.

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      "source": "Springer", 
      "value": "We revisit the Casimir effect perceived by two surfaces in the presence of infrared (IR) transparency. To address this problem, we study a model, where such a phenomenon naturally arises: the DGP model with two parallel 3-branes, each endowed with a localized curvature term. In that model, the ultraviolet modes of the 5-dimensional graviton are suppressed on the branes, while the IR modes can penetrate them freely. First, we find that the DGP branes act as \u201ceffective\u201d (momentum-dependent) boundary conditions for the gravitational field, so that the (gravitational) Casimir force between them emerges. Second, we discover that the presence of an IR transparency region for the discrete modes modifies the standard Casimir force \u2014 as derived for ideal Dirichlet boundary conditions \u2014 in two competing ways: i) The exclusion of soft modes from the discrete spectrum leads to an increase of the Casimir force. ii) The non-ideal nature of the boundary conditions gives rise to a \u201cleakage\u201d of hard modes. As a result of i) and ii), the Casimir force becomes weaker. Since the derivation of this result involves only the localized kinetic terms of a quantum field on parallel surfaces (with codimension one), the derived Casimir force is expected to be present in a variety of setups in arbitrary dimensions."
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Published on:
10 May 2021
Publisher:
Springer
Published in:
Journal of High Energy Physics , Volume 2021 (2021)
Issue 5
Pages 1-31
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1007/JHEP05(2021)071
arXiv:
2011.02985
Copyrights:
The Author(s)
Licence:
CC-BY-4.0

Fulltext files: