The $$P_{cs}(4459)$$ pentaquark from a combined effective field theory and phenomenological perspective
Fang-Zheng Peng (School of Physics, Beihang University, Beijing, 100191, China); Mao-Jun Yan (School of Physics, Beihang University, Beijing, 100191, China); Mario Sánchez Sánchez (Centre d’Études Nucléaires, CNRS/IN2P3, Université de Bordeaux, Gradignan, 33175, France); Manuel Pavon Valderrama (School of Physics, Beihang University, Beijing, 100191, China, International Research Center for Nuclei and Particles in the Cosmos and Beijing Key Laboratory of Advanced Nuclear Materials and Physics, Beihang University, Beijing, 100191, China)
The observation of the $$P_{cs}(4459)$$ by the LHCb collaboration adds a new member to the set of known hidden-charm pentaquarks, which includes the $$P_c(4312)$$ , $$P_c(4440)$$ and $$P_c(4457)$$ . The $$P_{cs}(4459)$$ is expected to have the light-quark content of a $$\Lambda $$ baryon ( $$I=0$$ , $$S=-1$$ ), but its spin is unknown. Its closeness to the $${\bar{D}}^* \Xi _c$$ threshold – $$4478\,{\mathrm{MeV}}$$ in the isospin-symmetric limit – suggests the molecular hypothesis as a plausible explanation for the $$P_{cs}(4459)$$ . While in the absence of coupled-channel dynamics heavy-quark spin symmetry predicts the two spin-states of the $${\bar{D}}^* \Xi _c$$ to be degenerate, power counting arguments indicate that the coupling with the nearby $${\bar{D}} \Xi _c'$$ and $${\bar{D}} \Xi _c^*$$ channels might be a leading order effect. This generates a hyperfine splitting in which the $$J=\tfrac{3}{2}$$ $${\bar{D}}^* \Xi _c$$ pentaquark will be lighter than the $$J=\tfrac{1}{2}$$ configuration, which we estimate to be of the order of $$5-15\,{\mathrm{MeV}}$$ . We also point out an accidental symmetry between the $$P_{cs}(4459)$$ and $$P_c(4440/4457)$$ potentials. Finally, we argue that the spectroscopy and the $$J/\psi \Lambda $$ decays of the $$P_{cs}(4459)$$ might suggest a marginal preference for $$J = \tfrac{3}{2}$$ over $$J = \tfrac{1}{2}$$ .