How special are black holes? Correspondence with objects saturating unitarity bounds in generic theories
Gia Dvali (Arnold Sommerfeld Center, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, Theresienstraße 37, 80333 München, Germany and Max-Planck-Institut für Physik, Föhringer Ring 6, 80805 München, Germany); Oleg Kaikov (Arnold Sommerfeld Center, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, Theresienstraße 37, 80333 München, Germany and Max-Planck-Institut für Physik, Föhringer Ring 6, 80805 München, Germany); Juan Sebastián Valbuena Bermúdez (Arnold Sommerfeld Center, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, Theresienstraße 37, 80333 München, Germany and Max-Planck-Institut für Physik, Föhringer Ring 6, 80805 München, Germany)
Black holes are considered to be exceptional due to their time evolution and information processing. However, it was proposed recently that these properties are generic for objects, the so-called saturons, that attain the maximal entropy permitted by unitarity. In the present paper, we verify this connection within a renormalizable invariant theory. We show that the spectrum of the theory contains a tower of bubbles representing bound states of Goldstones. Despite the absence of gravity, a saturated bound state exhibits a striking correspondence with a black hole: Its entropy is given by the Bekenstein-Hawking formula; semiclassically, the bubble evaporates at a thermal rate with a temperature equal to its inverse radius; the information retrieval time is equal to Page’s time. The correspondence goes through a trans-theoretic entity of the Poincaré Goldstone. The black hole–saturon correspondence has important implications for black hole physics, both fundamental and observational.
