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  "authors": [
    {
      "affiliations": [
        {
          "country": "France", 
          "value": "Universit\u00e9 Paris-Saclay, CNRS/IN2P3, IJCLab, Orsay, 91405, France", 
          "organization": "Universit\u00e9 Paris-Saclay, CNRS/IN2P3, IJCLab"
        }
      ], 
      "surname": "Nabeebaccus", 
      "email": "saad.nabeebaccus@ijclab.in2p3.fr", 
      "full_name": "Nabeebaccus, Saad", 
      "given_names": "Saad"
    }, 
    {
      "affiliations": [
        {
          "country": "UK", 
          "value": "Higgs Centre for Theoretical Physics, School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, Scotland, EH9 3JZ, UK", 
          "organization": "University of Edinburgh"
        }
      ], 
      "surname": "Zwicky", 
      "email": "roman.zwicky@ed.ac.uk", 
      "full_name": "Zwicky, Roman", 
      "given_names": "Roman"
    }
  ], 
  "titles": [
    {
      "source": "Springer", 
      "title": "Resolving charged hadrons in QED \u2014 gauge invariant interpolating operators"
    }
  ], 
  "dois": [
    {
      "value": "10.1007/JHEP11(2022)101"
    }
  ], 
  "publication_info": [
    {
      "page_end": "20", 
      "journal_title": "Journal of High Energy Physics", 
      "material": "article", 
      "journal_volume": "2022", 
      "artid": "JHEP11(2022)101", 
      "year": 2022, 
      "page_start": "1", 
      "journal_issue": "11"
    }
  ], 
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    "source": "Springer", 
    "method": "Springer", 
    "submission_number": "5f487fa6b3da11eda920065bd8dc6b20"
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    20
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  "license": [
    {
      "url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses//by/4.0", 
      "license": "CC-BY-4.0"
    }
  ], 
  "copyright": [
    {
      "holder": "The Author(s)", 
      "year": "2022"
    }
  ], 
  "control_number": "73971", 
  "record_creation_date": "2022-11-18T09:30:20.519736", 
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  "collections": [
    {
      "primary": "Journal of High Energy Physics"
    }
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  "arxiv_eprints": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "hep-ph", 
        "hep-lat"
      ], 
      "value": "2209.06925"
    }
  ], 
  "abstracts": [
    {
      "source": "Springer", 
      "value": "Standard interpolating operators for charged mesons, e.g. J  B  =   <math> <mover> <mi>b</mi> <mo>\u00af</mo> </mover> </math>  $$ \\overline{b} $$  i\u03b3 5 u for B  \u2212 , are not gauge invariant in QED and therefore problematic for perturbative methods. We propose a gauge invariant interpolating operator by adding an auxiliary charged scalar \u03a6 B ,   <math> <msubsup> <mi>J</mi> <mi>B</mi> <mfenced> <mn>0</mn> </mfenced> </msubsup> </math>  $$ {\\mathcal{J}}_B^{(0)} $$  = J  B  \u03a6 B , which reproduces all the universal soft and collinear logs. The modified LSZ-factor is shown to be infrared finite which is a necessary condition for validating the approach. At   <math> <mi>O</mi> </math>  $$ \\mathcal{O} $$ (\u03b1), this is equivalent to a specific Dirac dressing of charged operators. A generalisation thereof, using iterated integrals, establishes the equivalence to all orders and provides a transparent alternative viewpoint. The method is discussed by the example of the leptonic decay B  \u2212  \u2192 \u2113  \u2212    <math> <mover> <mi>\u03bd</mi> <mo>\u00af</mo> </mover> </math>  $$ \\overline{\\nu} $$  for which a numerical study is to follow. The formalism itself is valid for any spin, flavour and set of final states (e.g. B  \u2212  \u2192 \u03c0 0 \u2113  \u2212    <math> <mover> <mi>\u03bd</mi> <mo>\u00af</mo> </mover> </math>  $$ \\overline{\\nu} $$ )."
    }
  ], 
  "imprints": [
    {
      "date": "2022-11-17", 
      "publisher": "Springer"
    }
  ]
}