The axion-like particle (ALP) is a well motivated new particle candidate for beyond the standard model. In this study, we propose to probe the ALP via photon fusion scattering at the upcoming Electron-Ion Collider (EIC) with electron and proton energies of   $ E_e=20\; {\rm GeV} $   and   $ E_e=20\; {\rm GeV} $  , respectively. We can constrain the effective coupling strength between the ALP and photons to be   $ E_e=20\; {\rm GeV} $   at the   $ E_e=20\; {\rm GeV} $   confidence level with an integrated luminosity of   $ E_e=20\; {\rm GeV} $   for the mass range   $ E_e=20\; {\rm GeV} $  . Such bounds may be significantly improved if we consider the nucleus beam at the EIC. We also demonstrate that the limits from the EIC can be stronger than the off Z-pole measurement at the LEP and light-by-light scattering with pp collisions at the LHC.