Solutions to axion electromagnetodynamics and new search strategies of sub-μeV axion

Tong Li (School of Physics, Nankai University, 94 Weijin Road, Tianjin, 300071, China) ; Rui-Jia Zhang (School of Physics, Nankai University, 94 Weijin Road, Tianjin, 300071, China) ; Chang-Jie Dai (School of Physics, Nankai University, 94 Weijin Road, Tianjin, 300071, China)

The Witten effect implies the electromagnetic interactions between axions and magnetic monopoles, and the quantum electromagnetodynamics (QEMD) properly describes interactions of electric charges, magnetic charges and photons. Based on the QEMD, a generic low-energy axion-photon effective field theory was built by introducing two four-potentials (A μ and B μ ) to describe a photon. More anomalous axion-photon interactions and couplings (g aAA , g aBB and g aAB ) arise in contrary to the ordinary axion coupling g aγγ aF μν F ~ μν $$ {g}_{a\gamma \gamma}{a F}^{\mu \nu}{\overset{\sim }{F}}_{\mu \nu} $$ . As a consequence, the conventional axion Maxwell equations are further modified. We properly solve the new axion-modified Maxwell equations and obtain the axion-induced electromagnetic fields given a static electric or magnetic field. It turns out that the dominant couplings g aAB and g aBB can be probed in the presence of external magnetic field and electric field, respectively. The induced oscillating magnetic fields are always suppressed compared with the electric fields for the axions with large Compton wavelengths. This is contrary to the situation in conventional experiments searching for the oscillating magnetic fields induced by sub-μeV axions. Thus, we propose new strategies to measure the new couplings for sub-μeV axion in haloscope experiments.

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      "surname": "Zhang", 
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      "source": "Springer", 
      "value": "The Witten effect implies the electromagnetic interactions between axions and magnetic monopoles, and the quantum electromagnetodynamics (QEMD) properly describes interactions of electric charges, magnetic charges and photons. Based on the QEMD, a generic low-energy axion-photon effective field theory was built by introducing two four-potentials (A  \u03bc  and B  \u03bc ) to describe a photon. More anomalous axion-photon interactions and couplings (g  aAA , g  aBB  and g  aAB ) arise in contrary to the ordinary axion coupling   <math> <msub> <mi>g</mi> <mi>a\u03b3\u03b3</mi> </msub> <msup> <mi>aF</mi> <mi>\u03bc\u03bd</mi> </msup> <msub> <mover> <mi>F</mi> <mo>~</mo> </mover> <mi>\u03bc\u03bd</mi> </msub> </math>  $$ {g}_{a\\gamma \\gamma}{a F}^{\\mu \\nu}{\\overset{\\sim }{F}}_{\\mu \\nu} $$ . As a consequence, the conventional axion Maxwell equations are further modified. We properly solve the new axion-modified Maxwell equations and obtain the axion-induced electromagnetic fields given a static electric or magnetic field. It turns out that the dominant couplings g  aAB  and g  aBB  can be probed in the presence of external magnetic field and electric field, respectively. The induced oscillating magnetic fields are always suppressed compared with the electric fields for the axions with large Compton wavelengths. This is contrary to the situation in conventional experiments searching for the oscillating magnetic fields induced by sub-\u03bceV axions. Thus, we propose new strategies to measure the new couplings for sub-\u03bceV axion in haloscope experiments."
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Published on:
14 March 2023
Publisher:
Springer
Published in:
Journal of High Energy Physics , Volume 2023 (2023)
Issue 3
Pages 1-18
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1007/JHEP03(2023)088
arXiv:
2211.06847
Copyrights:
The Author(s)
Licence:
CC-BY-4.0

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