Logarithmic soft theorems and soft spectra
Francesco Alessio (Department of Physics and Astronomy, Uppsala University, Uppsala, SE-75120, Sweden, NORDITA, KTH Royal Institute of Technology and Stockholm University, Hannes Alfvéns väg 12, Stockholm, SE-11419, Sweden)
; Paolo Vecchia (The Niels Bohr Institute, Blegdamsvej 17, Copenhagen, DK-2100, Denmark, NORDITA, KTH Royal Institute of Technology and Stockholm University, Hannes Alfvéns väg 12, Stockholm, SE-11419, Sweden)
; Carlo Heissenberg (Queen Mary University of London, School of Mathematical Sciences, Mile End Road, London, E1 4NS, UK)
Using universal predictions provided by classical soft theorems, we revisit the energy emission spectrum for gravitational scatterings of compact objects in the low-frequency expansion. We calculate this observable beyond the zero-frequency limit, retaining an exact dependence on the kinematics of the massive objects. This allows us to study independently the ultrarelativistic or massless limit, where we find agreement with the literature, and the small-deflection or post-Minkowskian (PM) limit, where we provide explicit results up to $$ \mathcal{O} $$ (G 5). These confirm that the high-velocity limit of a given PM order is smoothly connected to the corresponding massless result whenever the latter is analytic in the Newton constant G. We also provide explicit expressions for the waveforms to order ω −1, log ω, ω(log ω)2 in the soft limit, ω → 0, expanded up to sub-subleading PM order, as well as a conjecture for the logarithmic soft terms of the type ω n−1(log ω) n with n ≥ 3.