In this study, we proceed to investigate the Thurston geometries from the point of view of their Poisson-Lie (PL) T-dualizability. First of all, we find all subalgebras of Killing vectors that generate group of isometries acting freely and transitively on the three-dimensional target manifolds, where the Thurston metrics are defined. It is shown that three-dimensional Lie subalgebras are isomorphic to the Bianchi type algebras. We take the isometry subgroup of the metric as the first subgroup of Drinfeld double. In order to investigate the non-Abelian T-duality, the second subgroup must be chosen to be Abelian. Accordingly, the non-Abelian target space duals of these geometries are found via PL T-duality approach in the absence of <italic>B</italic>-field. We also comment on the conformal invariance conditions of the T-dual <italic>&#963;</italic>-models under consideration.

Iran

Ali Eghbali

Mahsa Feizi

Adel Rezaei-Aghdam

Non-Abelian target space duals of Thurston geometries

United States

Samuel Ting

Discovery of the J particle at Brookhaven National Laboratory and the physics of electrons and positrons

Gravitational wave observation has provided numerous insights into the merger of astrophysical black holes. In contrast to other violent events ( <italic>e.g.</italic> supernovae), they are, however, not expected to lead to significant emissions of photons and neutrinos. In this paper we discuss a scenario that would lead to characteristic observable gamma ray bursts, which would provide numerous hints to physics beyond General Relativity. Starting from the hypothesis that micro-black holes (called <italic>morsels</italic>) are formed during the merger process, we show that it is possible to observe their Hawking radiation, which takes the form of gamma ray bursts of a uniquely characteristic form: with energies in the TeV range, their temporal structure is unlike that stemming from any other astrophysical event. Notably, the time delay from the gravitational wave event is correlated to the mass distribution of the morsels. The integrated mass of the morsels, allowed by the unaccounted merger mass, leads to a Hawking radiation in photons that is above the sensitivity of atmospheric Cherenkov telescopes such as HESS, LHAASO and HAWC, and gamma ray space telescopes, such as Fermi-LAT. This renders the hypothesis of morsel creation experimentally testable, and we provide the first concrete bounds on the total mass of morsels formed in specific events.

France

Denmark

Giacomo Cacciapaglia

Italy

Stefan Hohenegger

Francesco Sannino

Looking for black hole morsels in astrophysical mergers via Hawking radiation

In this paper, we investigate the Stark effect in the hydrogen atom under an external electric field, incorporating relativistic generalized uncertainty principle (RGUP) corrections within Minkowskian spacetime and calculate the upper bound on <italic>&#946;</italic> the RGUP parameter. Employing RGUP algebra and the Stetsko-Tkachuk approximation, we derive modifications to the energy spectrum for degenerate and non-degenerate states. The perturbed Hamiltonian, modified by RGUP, enfold quantum gravitational effects. Our results reveal quantum gravitational corrections to the Stark energy spectrum in the relativistic regime, with energy shifts for non-degenerate ( <math altimg='si1.svg'><mi>n</mi><mo linebreak='goodbreak' linebreakstyle='after'>=</mo><mn>1</mn></math>) and degenerate ( <math altimg='si2.svg'><mi>n</mi><mo>&#8800;</mo><mn>1</mn></math>) cases showing additional terms proportional to <italic>&#946;</italic>. These findings reduce to standard Stark effect results and non-relativistic GUP frameworks in the limits <math altimg='si3.svg'><mi>&#946;</mi><mo stretchy='false'>&#8594;</mo><mn>0</mn></math> and <math altimg='si24.svg'><mi>c</mi><mo stretchy='false'>&#8594;</mo><mo>&#8734;</mo></math>, establishing our model as a generalized framework for analyzing minimal length effects in relativistic quantum systems.

India

Gaurav Bhandari

S.D. Pathak

Stark energy shifts due to quantum gravity in RGUP algebra

We propose 2d <math altimg='si1.svg'><mi mathvariant='script'>N</mi><mo linebreak='goodbreak' linebreakstyle='after'>=</mo><mo stretchy='false'>(</mo><mn>0</mn><mo>,</mo><mn>2</mn><mo stretchy='false'>)</mo></math> dualities between <math altimg='si2.svg'><mi mathvariant='normal'>SU</mi><mo stretchy='false'>(</mo><mi>N</mi><mo stretchy='false'>)</mo></math> gauge theories with fundamental and antisymmetric chiral matter and Landau-Ginzburg theories with chiral and Fermi multiplets. Many of these dualities can be derived by topologically twisting 4d s-confining gauge theories on a two-sphere, with integer non-negative <italic>R</italic> charges. We provide various checks of the dualities, showing that they descend from more &#8220;basic&#8221; dualities, similarly to analogous derivations in higher dimensions. The proof is based on the fact that the antisymmetric tensors can be traded with <math altimg='si3.svg'><mi mathvariant='normal'>USp</mi><mo stretchy='false'>(</mo><mn>2</mn><mi>n</mi><mo stretchy='false'>)</mo></math> gauge theories with fundamental chirals, mimicking the higher dimensional mechanism known as tensor deconfinement. The quivers obtained in this way can be shown to be dual to LG models after applying other elementary &#8220;basic&#8221; dualities.

Antonio Amariti

Pietro Glorioso

Germany

Fabio Mantegazza

Davide Morgante

Andrea Zanetti

Dualities from dualities in 2d <math altimg='si1.svg'><mi mathvariant='script'>N</mi><mo linebreak='goodbreak' linebreakstyle='after'>=</mo><mo stretchy='false'>(</mo><mn>0</mn><mo>,</mo><mn>2</mn><mo stretchy='false'>)</mo></math>

In this work, we explore the possibility of probing the mass ordering sensitivity as a function of supernova distance in the context of the ongoing neutrino experiment NO <italic>&#957;</italic>A. We provide a detailed study of the active-active and active-sterile mixing frameworks, illustrating how supernova neutrinos can be used to realize the existence of sterile neutrinos. Interestingly, we infer that observation of the NC channel alone can differentiate between the presence and absence of sterile neutrinos. Our results indicate that the primary channel of NO <italic>&#957;</italic>A can distinguish normal mass ordering from inverted mass ordering at 5 <italic>&#963;</italic> confidence level for a supernova explosion occurring at a distance of 5 kpc. Additionally, we examine the impact of systematic uncertainties on mass ordering sensitivity, showing that higher levels of systematics lead to a reduction in sensitivity. Similarly, the inclusion of energy smearing significantly diminishes ordering sensitivity.

Papia Panda

Rukmani Mohanta

Probing neutrino mass ordering with supernova neutrinos at NO <italic>&#957;</italic>A including the effect of sterile neutrinos

This article reveals the unexpected result that three a priori distinct ideas—global supersymmetry of preons, Hartle-Hawking cosmology, and Chern-Simons quantum gravity—share common concepts that offer paths beyond the Standard Model. Differences from the MSSM are discussed.

Finland

Risto Raitio

Particles, forces and the early universe

This study explores wormhole solutions within two distinct modified gravity theories, namely <math altimg='si1.svg'><mi>f</mi><mo stretchy='false'>(</mo><mi>R</mi><mo>,</mo><mi>T</mi><mo stretchy='false'>)</mo></math> gravity and <math altimg='si2.svg'><mi>f</mi><mo stretchy='false'>(</mo><mi>Q</mi><mo>,</mo><mi>T</mi><mo stretchy='false'>)</mo></math> gravity, incorporating Bose-Einstein condensate (BEC) dark matter to analyze their geometric properties. The primary objective is to comprehensively compare wormhole characteristics in these frameworks under the influence of BEC matter. The derived shape functions satisfy all fundamental traversability conditions. Furthermore, we examine the energy conditions, revealing that the NEC holds in <math altimg='si1.svg'><mi>f</mi><mo stretchy='false'>(</mo><mi>R</mi><mo>,</mo><mi>T</mi><mo stretchy='false'>)</mo></math> gravity but is violated in <math altimg='si2.svg'><mi>f</mi><mo stretchy='false'>(</mo><mi>Q</mi><mo>,</mo><mi>T</mi><mo stretchy='false'>)</mo></math> gravity, highlighting the contrasting nature of wormhole solutions in these theories. Additionally, we investigate the effects of anisotropy, active gravitational mass, and surface diagram of wormhole geometries. Our findings confirm the existence of physically viable and stable wormhole models within these modified gravity theories.

Chaitra Chooda Chalavadi

H. Aruna Kumara

V. Venkatesha

Probing the geometries of wormholes: A comparative study of <italic>f</italic>( <italic>R</italic>, <italic>T</italic>) and <italic>f</italic>( <italic>Q</italic>, <italic>T</italic>) theories in the presence of BEC matter

Despite early hopes that the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) would quickly unveil supersymmetric particles, none have been detected to date. This review examines the impact of the LHC results on the viability of weak-scale supersymmetry, and discusses whether the possibility of discovering supersymmetric particles remains within reach.

L. Constantin

S. Kraml

Switzerland

F. Mahmoudi

The LHC has ruled out supersymmetry – really?

Scalar fields play a crucial role in Einstein's field equations, describing both the early- and late-time phenomenology of the universe. Despite numerous Lagrangians with distinct implications, a unified model has been lacking. We propose a generalized Lagrangian with two parameters, <italic>&#945;</italic> and <italic>&#946;</italic>, that encompasses quintessence, phantom, and tachyon fields. This framework captures their canonical dynamics, derives the background equations, and facilitates studies of cosmic evolution. Using the <math altimg='si1.svg'><msub><mrow><mi>O</mi></mrow><mrow><mi>m</mi></mrow></msub><mo stretchy='false'>(</mo><mi>z</mi><mo stretchy='false'>)</mo></math> diagnostic, we distinguish the evolutionary patterns of these fields from those of the cosmological constant, demonstrating smooth transitions between different behaviors. This cohesive structure enhances our understanding of dark energy and cosmic expansion, bridging theoretical versatility with observational constraints.