We propose a <math altimg='si37.svg'><mrow><mi>U</mi><msub><mrow><mo>(</mo><mn>1</mn><mo>)</mo></mrow><mrow><mi>B</mi><mo>&#8722;</mo><mi>L</mi></mrow></msub></mrow></math> gauge extension to the SM, in which the dark sector is stabilized through a matter parity symmetry preserved after spontaneous symmetry breaking. The fermion spectrum includes three neutral right-handed fields with <math altimg='si36.svg'><mrow><mi>B</mi><mo linebreak='goodbreak'>&#8722;</mo><mi>L</mi></mrow></math> charges <math altimg='si38.svg'><mrow><mo>(</mo><mo>&#8722;</mo><mn>4</mn><mo>,</mo><mo>&#8722;</mo><mn>4</mn><mo>,</mo><mn>5</mn><mo>)</mo></mrow></math>, that make the model free of gauge anomalies. Two of these neutral fermion fields serve as mediators in a scotogenic mechanism for light-active Majorana neutrino masses. The corresponding neutrino mass matrix has rank 2, predicting a massless state and a lower bound for neutrinoless double beta decay. Regions in the parameter space consistent with dark matter relic abundance are accomplished by the lightest neutral mediator.

Mexico

Yadir Garnica

América Morales

Carlos A. Vaquera-Araujo

Scotogenic dark matter from gauged <math altimg='si36.svg'><mrow><mi>B</mi><mo linebreak='goodbreak'>&#8722;</mo><mi>L</mi></mrow></math>

This paper investigates the production of Z bosons in proton-lead collisions at a center of mass energy of <math altimg='si8.svg'><mrow><msqrt><mi>s</mi></msqrt><mo linebreak='goodbreak'>=</mo><mn>8.16</mn></mrow></math> TeV, utilizing various transverse momentum dependent parton distribution functions (TMDs), including the leading order Martin-Ryskin-Watt (LO-MRW), next-to-leading order MRW (NLO-MRW), and parton branching (PB) approaches. By comparing theoretical predictions with experimental data from the CMS collaboration, we assess the performance of these TMD models across different kinematic regions. Our analysis reveals that while both LO-MRW and NLO-MRW models generally align well with experimental data, the LO-MRW model tends to overestimate in certain kinematic regions. The NLO-MRW model, with its strong ordering constraint, provides better agreement in these areas. This study highlights the impact of different impositions of angular and strong ordering constraints in the LO-MRW and NLO-MRW approaches in describing Z boson production.

Iran

S. Rezaie

Türkiye

K. Azizi

Z boson production in proton-lead collisions: A study utilizing MRW nuclear TMDs

The effects of heavy new particles beyond the Standard Model can be conveniently captured through higher-dimensional effective operators. As noted long ago by Weinberg, the amount of baryon and lepton number an operator can carry is intricately connected to its mass dimension. We derive an improved inequality for this connection and compare it to explicit operator constructions up to mass dimension 25. For the effective field theory of Standard Model plus right-handed neutrinos, our relationship is even an equality up to high mass dimension.

United States

Julian Heeck

Diana Sokhashvili

Revisiting the connection of baryon number, lepton number, and operator dimension

Neutrino oscillation, discovered over two decades ago, confirmed that neutrinos have nonzero masses. Since then, two mass-squared differences have been measured with unprecedented precision, yet the absolute neutrino mass scale remains unknown. Additionally, the fundamental symmetry governing the neutrino mixing pattern is still undetermined. Among various theoretical possibilities, the two-zero texture in the neutrino mass matrix ( <math altimg='si39.svg'><msub><mi>m</mi><mi>&#957;</mi></msub></math>) stands out as an attractive framework due to its reduced number of free parameters, enabling definite predictions for the unknown parameters of the PMNS matrix. In this work, we present a comprehensive analysis of the two-zero texture, focusing on its implications for the Dirac CP phase ( <math altimg='si9.svg'><mi>&#948;</mi></math>), the Majorana phases ( <math altimg='si40.svg'><mi>&#961;</mi></math>, <math altimg='si41.svg'><mi>&#963;</mi></math>) and the effective Majorana mass ( <math altimg='si42.svg'><msub><mi>m</mi><mrow><mi>&#946;</mi><mi>&#946;</mi></mrow></msub></math>), the latter being crucial for neutrinoless double beta decay. We find that for certain two-zero textures, <math altimg='si42.svg'><msub><mi>m</mi><mrow><mi>&#946;</mi><mi>&#946;</mi></mrow></msub></math> reaches a few tens of meV, placing it within the sensitivity range of KamLAND-Zen. Furthermore, we demonstrate how a two-zero texture can naturally emerge in a well-motivated neutrino mass model, specifically the gauged Type-II seesaw mechanism, which requires multiple scalar triplets. Notably, some of the two-zero patterns cannot be realized in this framework, as more than two independent zeros appear in <math altimg='si39.svg'><msub><mi>m</mi><mi>&#957;</mi></msub></math>. Finally, we discuss key phenomenological consequences of the gauged Type-II seesaw model.

India

Anirban Biswas

South Korea

Shilpa Jangid

Seong Chan Park

Investigating two-zero texture in the light of gauged Type-II seesaw

The low spin states of chiral partner bands are described by means of harmonic oscillations of the total angular momentum vector. The validity of the adopted approximation is established in terms of triaxiality, quasiparticle alignments and the maximal total angular momentum. The spectral properties of the model are described in detail with experimental realizations presented for nuclei with large resultant quasiparticle alignments. The model provides a simple phenomenological way for the determination of the triaxial deformation from the experimental data and easily discernable observable signatures.

Romania

R. Budaca

A.I. Budaca

Harmonic chiral vibration in triaxial nuclei

Generalized distribution amplitudes (GDAs) have attracted significant attention in recent years due to their connection with the energy-momentum tensor (EMT) form factors (FFs). The GDAs can be experimentally accessed through the study of amplitudes in <math altimg='si8.svg'><mrow><msup><mi>&#947;</mi><mo>*</mo></msup><mi>&#947;</mi><mo>&#8594;</mo><msub><mi>M</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><msub><mi>M</mi><mn>2</mn></msub></mrow></math> and <math altimg='si9.svg'><mrow><msup><mi>&#947;</mi><mo>*</mo></msup><mo>&#8594;</mo><msub><mi>M</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><msub><mi>M</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mi>&#947;</mi></mrow></math>, where <math altimg='si10.svg'><mrow><msub><mi>M</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><msub><mi>M</mi><mn>2</mn></msub></mrow></math> is a pseudoscalar meson pair such as <math altimg='si1.svg'><mrow><mi>&#960;</mi><mi>&#951;</mi></mrow></math> and <math altimg='si11.svg'><mrow><mi>&#951;</mi><msup><mi>&#951;</mi><mo>&#8242;</mo></msup></mrow></math>. In this work, we calculate these amplitudes in the perturbative limit and express the extracted <math altimg='si10.svg'><mrow><msub><mi>M</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><msub><mi>M</mi><mn>2</mn></msub></mrow></math> GDAs in terms of meson distribution amplitudes that have been constrained by the previous experiments. Our explicit calculation verifies the existence of a new EMT FF that violates the conservation law of EMT when the hadronic matrix element of the EMT operator is considered separately for each quark flavor. In addition, our result shows that the <math altimg='si10.svg'><mrow><msub><mi>M</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><msub><mi>M</mi><mn>2</mn></msub></mrow></math> GDAs are identical in <math altimg='si8.svg'><mrow><msup><mi>&#947;</mi><mo>*</mo></msup><mi>&#947;</mi><mo>&#8594;</mo><msub><mi>M</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><msub><mi>M</mi><mn>2</mn></msub></mrow></math> and <math altimg='si9.svg'><mrow><msup><mi>&#947;</mi><mo>*</mo></msup><mo>&#8594;</mo><msub><mi>M</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><msub><mi>M</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mi>&#947;</mi></mrow></math>, which confirms the universality of GDAs in the perturbative limit. In the future, the GDAs and the EMT FFs studied in this paper can be probed at Belle II. Our study enhances the accessibility to the <math altimg='si12.svg'><mi>P</mi></math>-wave GDAs in <math altimg='si8.svg'><mrow><msup><mi>&#947;</mi><mo>*</mo></msup><mi>&#947;</mi><mo>&#8594;</mo><msub><mi>M</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><msub><mi>M</mi><mn>2</mn></msub></mrow></math> and <math altimg='si9.svg'><mrow><msup><mi>&#947;</mi><mo>*</mo></msup><mo>&#8594;</mo><msub><mi>M</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><msub><mi>M</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mi>&#947;</mi></mrow></math>, and provides a promising approach for searching for exotic hybrid mesons in future experiments.

China

Qin-Tao Song

Russia

O.V. Teryaev

Shinsuke Yoshida

Gravitational form factors in the perturbative limit

The difference in the proton and neutron separation energies ( <math altimg='si2.svg'><mrow><mstyle mathvariant='normal'><mi>&#916;</mi></mstyle><mi>S</mi></mrow></math>) of the weakly bound <math altimg='si5.svg'><msup><mrow /><mn>15</mn></msup></math>C ground state is -19.86 MeV, an extreme value. Data from intermediate-energy heavy-ion induced (HI-induced) knockout reactions on nuclei spanning <math altimg='si20.svg'><mrow><mo>&#8722;</mo><mn>20</mn><mo>&#8818;</mo><mstyle mathvariant='normal'><mi>&#916;</mi></mstyle><mi>S</mi><mo>&#8818;</mo><mo>+</mo><mn>20</mn></mrow></math> MeV, suggest that the degree to which single-particle strength is quenched, <math altimg='si13.svg'><msub><mi>R</mi><mrow><mi mathvariant='normal'>s</mi></mrow></msub></math>, has a negative correlation with <math altimg='si2.svg'><mrow><mstyle mathvariant='normal'><mi>&#916;</mi></mstyle><mi>S</mi></mrow></math>, decreasing from unity around <math altimg='si21.svg'><mrow><mo>&#8722;</mo><mn>20</mn></mrow></math> MeV to around 0.2 at <math altimg='si22.svg'><mrow><mo>+</mo><mn>20</mn></mrow></math> MeV. For the <math altimg='si5.svg'><msup><mrow /><mn>15</mn></msup></math>C ground state ( <math altimg='si23.svg'><mrow><msub><mi>R</mi><mi>s</mi></msub><mo linebreak='goodbreak'>=</mo><mn>0.96</mn><mrow><mo>(</mo><mn>4</mn><mo>)</mo></mrow></mrow></math> in HI-induced knockout), contrasting results have recently been obtained via the neutron-adding transfer reaction, which reveal a value of <math altimg='si24.svg'><mrow><msub><mi>R</mi><mi>s</mi></msub><mo linebreak='goodbreak'>=</mo><mn>0.64</mn><mrow><mo>(</mo><mn>15</mn><mo>)</mo></mrow></mrow></math>, similar to the value observed at modest <math altimg='si2.svg'><mrow><mstyle mathvariant='normal'><mi>&#916;</mi></mstyle><mi>S</mi></mrow></math> and more extreme values of <math altimg='si2.svg'><mrow><mstyle mathvariant='normal'><mi>&#916;</mi></mstyle><mi>S</mi></mrow></math> with reaction probes other than HI knockout. In order to explore the any potential differences between <math altimg='si25.svg'><mrow><mi>a</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>g</mi></mrow></math> and <math altimg='si26.svg'><mrow><mi>r</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>m</mi><mi>o</mi><mi>v</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>g</mi></mrow></math> processes in transfer reactions at extreme <math altimg='si2.svg'><mrow><mstyle mathvariant='normal'><mi>&#916;</mi></mstyle><mi>S</mi></mrow></math>, single-neutron removal transfer reactions on <math altimg='si5.svg'><msup><mrow /><mn>15</mn></msup></math>C were performed at 7.1 MeV/u in inverse kinematics. The removal of a valence neutron in 2 <math altimg='si19.svg'><msub><mi>s</mi><mrow><mn>1</mn><mo>/</mo><mn>2</mn></mrow></msub></math> orbit using both ( <math altimg='si7.svg'><mrow><mi>p</mi><mo>,</mo><mi>d</mi></mrow></math>) and ( <math altimg='si8.svg'><mrow><mi>d</mi><mo>,</mo><mi>t</mi></mrow></math>) reactions shows consistent quenching factors and agrees with those from the neutron-adding reaction. The present results, which can be compared with neutron knockout reaction, suggest that correlations, represented by the quenching factor, show limited dependence on neutron-proton asymmetry under the most extreme asymmetry conditions so far achieved in transfer reactions.

Y.C. Jiang

J. Chen

B.P. Kay

C.R. Hoffman

T.L. Tang

I.A. Tolstukhin

M.R. Xie

J.G. Li

N. Michel

M.L. Avila

Spain

Y. Ayyad

D. Bazin

United Kingdom

S. Bennett

J.A. Clark

Switzerland

S.J. Freeman

H. Jayatissa

G. Li

W.P. Liu

J.L. Lou

A. Munoz-Ramos

C. Müller-Gatermann

T. Nathan

D. Santiago-Gonzalez

D.K. Sharp

Y.P. Shen

A.H. Wuosmaa

C.X. Yuan

Quenching of single-particle strength inferred from nucleon-removal transfer reactions on <math altimg='si5.svg'><msup><mrow /><mn>15</mn></msup></math>C

We present a formula for the Dirac CP phase <math altimg='si1.svg'><mrow><mi>&#948;</mi><mo linebreak='goodbreak'>=</mo><mrow><mi mathvariant='normal'>arg</mi></mrow><mo>(</mo><msub><mi>U</mi><mrow><mi>e</mi><mn>1</mn></mrow></msub><msub><mi>U</mi><mrow><mi>e</mi><mn>2</mn></mrow></msub><msub><mi>U</mi><mrow><mi>&#956;</mi><mn>3</mn></mrow></msub><msub><mi>U</mi><mrow><mi>&#964;</mi><mn>3</mn></mrow></msub><mo linebreak='goodbreak'>/</mo><msub><mi>U</mi><mrow><mi>e</mi><mn>3</mn></mrow></msub><mi>det</mi><msub><mi>U</mi><mrow><mrow><mi mathvariant='normal'>M</mi></mrow><mi>N</mi><mi>S</mi></mrow></msub><mo>)</mo></mrow></math>, directly derived from the lepton mixing matrix in an arbitrary basis of phases. In contrast to the numerically suppressed Jarlskog invariant, this expression is computationally simple and less sensitive to approximations. We apply the formula to derive general perturbative corrections from charged-lepton mixing <math altimg='si2.svg'><msubsup><mi>s</mi><mrow><mi>i</mi><mi>j</mi></mrow><mi>e</mi></msubsup></math> to the underlying CP phase of neutrinos <math altimg='si3.svg'><msub><mi>&#948;</mi><mi>&#957;</mi></msub></math>. A compact analytic expressions <math altimg='si4.svg'><mrow><mi>&#948;</mi><mo linebreak='goodbreak'>=</mo><msub><mi>&#948;</mi><mi>&#957;</mi></msub><mo linebreak='goodbreak'>+</mo><msubsup><mi>s</mi><mrow><mn>12</mn></mrow><mi>e</mi></msubsup><msub><mi>D</mi><mn>12</mn></msub><mo linebreak='goodbreak'>+</mo><msubsup><mi>s</mi><mrow><mn>13</mn></mrow><mi>e</mi></msubsup><msub><mi>D</mi><mn>13</mn></msub><mo linebreak='goodbreak'>+</mo><msubsup><mi>s</mi><mrow><mn>23</mn></mrow><mi>e</mi></msubsup><msub><mi>D</mi><mn>23</mn></msub></mrow></math> shows that these corrections can substantially exceed <math altimg='si5.svg'><mrow><mi>O</mi><mo>(</mo><msup><mn>10</mn><mo>&#8728;</mo></msup><mo>)</mo></mrow></math>, potentially within the reach of future long-baseline experiments such as DUNE and T2HK.

Japan

Masaki J.S. Yang

A rephasing invariant formula for the Dirac CP phase and general perturbative expansion: Prospects for DUNE and T2HK

We investigate a recently proposed one-to-one correspondence between quantum field theories in two-dimensional curved spacetime and quantum many-body systems, which enables the simulation of Hawking radiation in static background spacetimes. In particular, we demonstrate that deviations from the thermal spectrum, as predicted by the well-known tunneling method, can be observed in many-body simulations.

Gökhan Alkaç

Ege Özgün

Simulating Hawking radiation in quantum many-body systems: Deviations from the thermal spectrum

Recently it is asserted that the standard beta function does not describe the correct running of the coupling constant in some theories. We show that the problem arises from the assumption <math altimg='si1.svg'><mrow><mi>&#956;</mi><mo linebreak='goodbreak'>=</mo><mi>p</mi></mrow></math> ( <math altimg='si2.svg'><mi>&#956;</mi></math> is a renormalization point) and that a suitable choice of <math altimg='si2.svg'><mi>&#956;</mi></math> gives the correct running. It is also claimed that neither the cosmological constant nor Newton coupling run. We argue that running can be discussed when we consider the curved spacetime.

Taiwan

Hikaru Kawai

Nobuyoshi Ohta

Standard running, “physical running”, cosmological constant and Newton coupling