Considering environment-induced interatomic interaction, we study the entanglement dynamics of two uniformly accelerated atoms that interact with fluctuating massless scalar fields in the Minkowski vacuum in the presence of a reflecting boundary. The two atoms are initially prepared in a state such that one is in the ground state and the other is in the excited state, which is separable. When the acceleration is small, the rate of entanglement generation at the initial time and the maximum of concurrence generated during evolution oscillate with the distance between the atoms and the boundary before reaching a stable value, and may decrease non-monotonically with the acceleration, which means the anti-Unruh phenomenon can exist for some situations even when environmental considerations are taken into account. The results show that there exists the competition of the vacuum fluctuations caused by the boundary and the acceleration. In addition, the time evolution of concurrence will not be affected by the environment-induced interatomic interaction under certain conditions. For a larger acceleration, when the environment-induced interatomic interaction is considered, the concurrence may disappear later compared with the result when the environment-induced interatomic interaction is neglected.

China

Effect of environment-induced interatomic interaction on entanglement generation for uniformly accelerated atoms with a boundary

This study explores the thermodynamic properties of evolving Lorentzian wormholes within the framework of <math altimg='si1.svg'><mi>f</mi><mo stretchy='false'>(</mo><mi mathvariant='script'>R</mi><mo>,</mo><mi mathvariant='script'>T</mi><mo stretchy='false'>)</mo></math> gravity. This modified gravity theory extends general relativity by incorporating the Ricci scalar ( <math altimg='si2.svg'><mi mathvariant='script'>R</mi></math>) and the trace of the energy-momentum tensor ( <math altimg='si3.svg'><mi mathvariant='script'>T</mi></math>). We investigate the thermodynamics of wormholes at their dynamic apparent horizon, deriving expressions for the entropy variation and testing the validity of the generalized second law of thermodynamics (GSL). Employing both the first law of thermodynamics and the area law formalism, which relates entropy to the horizon area, we explore the evolution of entropy and confirm the consistency of thermodynamic principles within this framework. Furthermore, we examine key physical properties such as stability conditions, active gravitational mass, and total gravitational energy. Our findings provide deeper knowledge into wormhole thermodynamics and wormhole physics, particularly within modified gravity models, and contribute to the broader understanding of the thermodynamic behavior of evolving wormhole spacetimes.

India

Thermodynamic insights into evolving Lorentzian wormholes in <math altimg='si1.svg'><mi>f</mi><mo stretchy='false'>(</mo><mi mathvariant='script'>R</mi><mo>,</mo><mi mathvariant='script'>T</mi><mo stretchy='false'>)</mo></math> gravity

We start from the classical Kadomtsev-Petviashvili (KP) hierarchy posed on formal pseudo-differential operators, and we produce new hierarchies of non-linear equations in the context of non-formal pseudo-differential operators lying in the Kontsevich and Vishik's odd class. In particular, we show that it is possible to <italic>lift</italic> the standard KP hierarchy to hierarchies of differential equations for non-formal pseudo-differential operators, and to recover the former starting from the latter. We prove that the corresponding Zakharov-Shabat equations hold in this context, and we express one of our hierarchies as the minimization of a class of Yang-Mills action functionals on a space of pseudo-differential connections whose curvature takes values in the Dixmier ideal. We finish by comparing our Kadomtsev-Petviashvili hierarchies in terms of the kind of solutions that they produce for the KP-II equation.

France

Slovakia

Chile

Kadomtsev-Petviashvili hierarchies with non-formal pseudo-differential operators, non-formal solutions, and a Yang-Mills–like formulation

In accordance with P. Vogel, a set of algebra structures in Chern-Simons theory can be made universal, independent of a particular family of simple Lie algebras. In particular, this means that various quantities in the adjoint representations of these simple Lie algebras such as dimensions and quantum dimensions, Racah coefficients, etc. are simple rational functions of two parameters on Vogel's plane, giving three lines associated with <italic>sl</italic>, <math altimg='si1.svg'><mi>s</mi><mi>o</mi><mo stretchy='false'>/</mo><mi>s</mi><mi>p</mi></math> and exceptional algebras correspondingly. By analyzing the partition function of refined of Chern-Simons theory, it was suggested earlier that the refinement may preserve the universality for simply laced algebras. Here we support this conjecture by analyzing the Macdonald dimensions, i.e. values of Macdonald polynomials at <math altimg='si2.svg'><msup><mrow><mi>q</mi></mrow><mrow><mi>&#961;</mi></mrow></msup></math>, where <italic>&#961;</italic> is the Weyl vector: there is a universality formula that describes these dimensions for the simply laced algebras as a function on the Vogel's plane.

Russia

On refined Vogel's universality

We investigate the properties of nucleons at finite temperature and density using a two-flavor quark meson model with Gaussian fluctuations that extend beyond the mean-field approximation. Our findings suggest that Gaussian fluctuations lead to a non-monotonic behavior of the nucleon mass as a function of temperature and density, which may play an important role in the study of the hadronization process of relativistic heavy-ion collisions. Moreover, we observe an increase in the nucleon radius due to Gaussian fluctuations, suggesting an effective repulsive force akin to the Casimir effect, as observed in the gold-bromobenzene-silica system. This study offers new insights into how temperature, density, and quantum fluctuations affect the structure and properties of nucleons under extreme conditions.

United States

The nucleon properties in finite temperature and density with Gaussian fluctuations

We study the effect of Spontaneous Lorentz Symmetry Breaking (SLSB) on Primordial Gravitational Waves (PGWs) generated during inflation. The SLSB is induced by a time-like Bumblebee vector field which is non-minimally coupled to the Ricci tensor in the Friedmann-Lemaître-Robertson-Walker background. The power spectrum and GW amplitude are computed to investigate how Lorentz violation leaves observable imprints. We calculate the GW strain amplitude over frequencies <math altimg='si1.svg'><mo stretchy='false'>(</mo><msup><mrow><mn>10</mn></mrow><mrow><mo linebreak='badbreak' linebreakstyle='after'>&#8722;</mo><mn>10</mn></mrow></msup><mspace width='0.25em' /><mrow><mi mathvariant='normal'>Hz</mi></mrow><mo>,</mo><msup><mrow><mn>10</mn></mrow><mrow><mn>4</mn></mrow></msup><mspace width='0.25em' /><mrow><mi mathvariant='normal'>Hz</mi></mrow><mo stretchy='false'>)</mo></math>, for a range of the dimensionless Lorentz-violating parameter, <math altimg='si2.svg'><mo linebreak='badbreak' linebreakstyle='after'>&#8722;</mo><msup><mrow><mn>10</mn></mrow><mrow><mo linebreak='badbreak' linebreakstyle='after'>&#8722;</mo><mn>3</mn></mrow></msup><mo>&#8804;</mo><mi>l</mi><mo>&#8804;</mo><msup><mrow><mn>10</mn></mrow><mrow><mo linebreak='badbreak' linebreakstyle='after'>&#8722;</mo><mn>4</mn></mrow></msup></math>, which essentially comes from a slight sensitivity to the equation of state for dark energy. For positive <italic>l</italic> values, the amplitude of GW shows a mild suppression compared to the standard cosmological scenario ( <math altimg='si3.svg'><mi>l</mi><mo linebreak='goodbreak' linebreakstyle='after'>=</mo><mn>0</mn></math>). This effect could be observable with detectors like SKA, <italic>&#956;</italic>-Ares, and BBO. Conversely, negative <italic>l</italic> values amplify the GW amplitude, enhancing detectability by both SKA, <italic>&#956;</italic>-Ares, and BBO, as well as by THEIA and DECIGO. Notably, the GW strain amplitude increases by an order of magnitude as <italic>l</italic> moves from 0 to <math altimg='si4.svg'><mo linebreak='badbreak' linebreakstyle='after'>&#8722;</mo><msup><mrow><mn>10</mn></mrow><mrow><mo linebreak='badbreak' linebreakstyle='after'>&#8722;</mo><mn>3</mn></mrow></msup></math>, improving prospects for detection in high-sensitivity detectors like THEIA and DECIGO.

Iran

Italy

Primordial gravitational waves from spontaneous Lorentz symmetry breaking

It is widely observed that particles produced in high-energy collisions follow a power-law distribution. One such power-law distribution used extensively in the phenomenological studies owes its origin to nonadditive statistics proposed by C. Tsallis. In this article, we derive a novel nonadditive generalization of the conventional Bose-Einstein distribution using a single-mode harmonic oscillator. The approach taken in this paper eliminates the need of a regularization procedure proposed in previous works. We observe that the spectra of the bosonic particles like the pions and kaons produced in high-energy collisions are well-described by the nonadditive bosonic distribution derived in this paper.

Poland

A harmonic oscillator in nonadditive statistics and a novel transverse momentum spectrum in high-energy collisions

Pole-skipping offers compelling evidence for the hydrodynamic origin of chaotic behavior in strongly coupled quantum systems. We demonstrate that the cumulative effect of higher-order corrections to the hydrodynamic diffusive mode, captured by the parameter Ω, determines the thermal diffusivity through chaos parameters, providing new insights into the interplay between chaos and hydrodynamics. In the incoherent limit, where momentum relaxation is pronounced, we show that the thermodynamically stable phase corresponds to a semi-locally critical IR fixed point. This finding extends previous analyses of simple IR fixed points and may offer a gravity dual description for stable phases beyond the Sachdev-Ye-Kitaev model in the incoherent regime. Additionally, we connect our findings to a universal bound on the thermal diffusion constant in holography, establishing a direct link with the dynamical critical exponent <italic>z</italic>. We derive a new relation, <math altimg='si1.svg'><mi mathvariant='normal'>&#937;</mi><mo linebreak='goodbreak' linebreakstyle='after'>=</mo><mo stretchy='false'>(</mo><mn>2</mn><mo linebreak='badbreak' linebreakstyle='after'>&#8722;</mo><mi>z</mi><mo stretchy='false'>)</mo><mo stretchy='false'>/</mo><mo stretchy='false'>(</mo><mn>2</mn><mi>z</mi><mo linebreak='badbreak' linebreakstyle='after'>&#8722;</mo><mn>2</mn><mo stretchy='false'>)</mo></math>, and propose that it characterizes the thermodynamically stable phase for generic values of <italic>z</italic>.

Spain

Thermal diffusivity and pole-skipping in the incoherent semilocally critical IR

A precise quantification of the medium-modification of the high transverse momenta jets in relativistic heavy ion collisions rely on consistent modeling of elastic and inelastic energy loss suffered by the jet and the concurrent underlying medium evolution. We have developed a unified framework for jet and bulk medium evolution within a multiphase transport approach where the jets and medium share energy and momentum via multiple elastic scatterings and medium-induced gluon radiation during the parton transport. The formulation enables realistic predictions of jet based observables extended to a large radius of the jet cone in central Pb-Pb collisions at 5.02 TeV. The model provides reasonable quantitative agreement with the experimental data from inclusive jet suppression and the full jet shape function up to large radial distances induced by both the collisional and radiative jet energy loss and migration of the lost <math altimg='si1.svg'><msub><mrow><mi>p</mi></mrow><mrow><mi>T</mi></mrow></msub></math> in the medium. We find that gradual degradation of jet energy through gluon emissions alters the energy-momentum evolution in the jet, essential to describe the entire range of jet shape ratio relative to proton-proton collisions. Pure collisional energy loss injects appreciable <math altimg='si1.svg'><msub><mrow><mi>p</mi></mrow><mrow><mi>T</mi></mrow></msub></math> broadening and migration of the medium partons, resulting in an enhanced population at large angular distances in the jet-shape ratio.