We discuss the cancellation of the ultraviolet cutoff scale <inline-formula><tex-math id='TM0001' notation='LaTeX'>$\Lambda _{\rm cut}$</tex-math></inline-formula> in the calculation of the expectation value of the 5D energy&#8211;momentum tensor <inline-formula><tex-math id='TM0002' notation='LaTeX'>$\left\langle T_{MN} \right\rangle$</tex-math></inline-formula> ( <inline-formula><tex-math id='TM0003' notation='LaTeX'>$M,N=0,1,\cdots ,4$</tex-math></inline-formula>). Since 5D fields feel the background geometry differently depending on their spins, the bosonic and the fermionic contributions to the <inline-formula><tex-math id='TM0004' notation='LaTeX'>$\Lambda _{\rm cut}$</tex-math></inline-formula>-dependent part <inline-formula><tex-math id='TM0005' notation='LaTeX'>$\left\langle T_{MN} \right\rangle ^{\rm UV}$</tex-math></inline-formula> may have different profiles in the extra dimension. In that case, there is no chance for them to be canceled by each other. We consider arbitrary numbers of scalar and spinor fields with arbitrary bulk masses, calculate <inline-formula><tex-math id='TM0006' notation='LaTeX'>$\left\langle T_{MN} \right\rangle$</tex-math></inline-formula> using the 5D propagators, and clarify the dependence of <inline-formula><tex-math id='TM0007' notation='LaTeX'>$\left\langle T_{MN} \right\rangle ^{\rm UV}$</tex-math></inline-formula> on the extra-dimensional coordinate <italic>y</italic> for a general background geometry of the extra dimension. We find that if the geometry is neither flat nor (a slice of) anti-de Sitter (AdS) space, it is impossible to cancel <inline-formula><tex-math id='TM0009' notation='LaTeX'>$\left\langle T_{MN} \right\rangle ^{\rm UV}$</tex-math></inline-formula> between the bosonic and the fermionic contributions. This may suggest that the flat (or AdS) space is energetically favored over the other geometries, and thus the dynamics forces the compact space to be flat (or AdS).

Japan

Yutaka Sakamura

Quantum Vacuum Energy and Geometry of the Extra Dimension

In this paper, we propose a hybrid quantum machine learning framework to improve the sensitivity of double Higgs boson searches in the <inline-formula><tex-math id='TM0001' notation='LaTeX'>$HH \rightarrow b\bar{b}\gamma \gamma$</tex-math></inline-formula> final state at <inline-formula><tex-math id='TM0002' notation='LaTeX'>$\sqrt{s} = 13.6~\text{TeV}$</tex-math></inline-formula>. The proposed model combines parameterized quantum circuits with a classical neural network meta-model, enabling event-level features to be embedded in a quantum feature space while maintaining the optimization stability of classical learning. In our benchmark setup, the hybrid model outperforms the pure quantum implementation and improves over the XGBoost baseline while performing similarly to the graph neural network baseline, achieving an expected 95%&#160;CL upper limit on the nonresonant double Higgs boson production cross section&#160;of <inline-formula><tex-math id='TM0003' notation='LaTeX'>$1.9\times \sigma _{\text{SM}}$</tex-math></inline-formula> and <inline-formula><tex-math id='TM0004' notation='LaTeX'>$2.1\times \sigma _{\text{SM}}$</tex-math></inline-formula> under background normalization uncertainties of 10% and 50%, respectively. In addition, expected constraints on the Higgs boson self-coupling <inline-formula><tex-math id='TM0005' notation='LaTeX'>$\kappa _{\lambda }$</tex-math></inline-formula> and quartic vector-boson&#8211;Higgs coupling <inline-formula><tex-math id='TM0006' notation='LaTeX'>$\kappa _{2V}$</tex-math></inline-formula> are improved relative to the pure quantum model and competitive with the classical baselines considered in this work.

Morocco

Marwan Ait Haddou

not found

Mohamed Belfkir

Salah Eddine Elharrauss

From Qubits to Couplings: A Hybrid Quantum Machine Learning Framework for LHC Physics

A dark matter axion with mass <inline-formula><tex-math id='TM0002' notation='LaTeX'>$m_a$</tex-math></inline-formula> induces an oscillating electric field in a cylindrical sample placed under a magnetic field <inline-formula><tex-math id='TM0003' notation='LaTeX'>$B_0$</tex-math></inline-formula> parallel to the cylinder axis. When the cylinder is made of a highly electrically conductive material, the induced oscillating current flows only at the surface. In contrast, if the cylinder is composed of a material with small conductivity, e.g. <inline-formula><tex-math id='TM0004' notation='LaTeX'>$\sigma = 10^{-3}\text{ eV}$</tex-math></inline-formula>, the electric current flows inside the bulk of the cylinder. Within the QCD axion model, the current <italic>I</italic> is estimated as <inline-formula><tex-math id='TM0006' notation='LaTeX'>$I(\sigma =10^{-3}\text{ eV})\simeq 2.8\times 10^{-14}\text{ A }g_{\gamma }\left(\frac{R}{6\text{ cm}}\right)^2 \left(\frac{\sigma }{10^{-3}\text{ eV}}\right)\left(\frac{B_0}{15\text{ T}}\right)\left(\frac{10}{\epsilon }\right) \left(\frac{\rho _a}{0.3\text{ GeVcm}^{-3}}\right)^{1/2}$</tex-math></inline-formula> for <inline-formula><tex-math id='TM0007' notation='LaTeX'>$m_a=10^{-4}$</tex-math></inline-formula>&#8201;eV, with radius <italic>R</italic>, permittivity <inline-formula><tex-math id='TM0009' notation='LaTeX'>$\epsilon = 10$</tex-math></inline-formula> of the cylinder, and axion energy density <inline-formula><tex-math id='TM0010' notation='LaTeX'>$\rho _a$</tex-math></inline-formula>, where <inline-formula><tex-math id='TM0011' notation='LaTeX'>$g_{\gamma }$</tex-math></inline-formula> is a model-dependent parameter; <inline-formula><tex-math id='TM0012' notation='LaTeX'>$g_{\gamma }(\text{KSVZ}) = -0.96$</tex-math></inline-formula> and <inline-formula><tex-math id='TM0013' notation='LaTeX'>$g_{\gamma }(\text{DFSZ}) = 0.37$</tex-math></inline-formula>. Because the current is proportional to <inline-formula><tex-math id='TM0014' notation='LaTeX'>$R^2$</tex-math></inline-formula>, using a large sample with <inline-formula><tex-math id='TM0015' notation='LaTeX'>$R=80$</tex-math></inline-formula>&#8201;cm, we have a large signal-to-noise ratio ( <inline-formula><tex-math id='TM0016' notation='LaTeX'>$&gt;1$</tex-math></inline-formula>) even at temperature <inline-formula><tex-math id='TM0017' notation='LaTeX'>$T=4$</tex-math></inline-formula>&#8201;K, <inline-formula><tex-math id='TM0018' notation='LaTeX'>$\frac{I(\sigma =10^{-3}\text{ eV})}{I_n({\sigma =10^{-3}\text{ eV})}}\times \sqrt{\frac{\delta \omega \delta t_{ob}}{2\pi }} \simeq 1.1g_{\gamma }\left(\frac{4\text{ K}}{T}\right)^{1/2}\left(\frac{L}{100\text{ cm}}\right)^{1/2}\left(\frac{R}{80\text{ cm}}\right) \left(\frac{B_0}{7\text{ T}}\right)\left(\frac{\rho _a}{0.3\text{ GeVcm}}^{-3}\right)^{1/2} \left(\frac{\delta t_{ob}}{10^3\, \mathrm{s}}\right)^{1/2}$</tex-math></inline-formula> for <inline-formula><tex-math id='TM0019' notation='LaTeX'>$m_a=10^{-4}\text{ eV}$</tex-math></inline-formula> with <inline-formula><tex-math id='TM0020' notation='LaTeX'>$\epsilon =10$</tex-math></inline-formula> and <inline-formula><tex-math id='TM0021' notation='LaTeX'>$\sigma =\epsilon m_a$</tex-math></inline-formula>, where thermal noise is <inline-formula><tex-math id='TM0022' notation='LaTeX'>$I_n=\sqrt{\frac{2T\delta \omega }{\pi R_c}}$</tex-math></inline-formula> with <inline-formula><tex-math id='TM0023' notation='LaTeX'>$\delta \omega =10^{-6}m_a$</tex-math></inline-formula> and resistance <inline-formula><tex-math id='TM0024' notation='LaTeX'>$R_c=\frac{L}{\sigma \pi R^2}$</tex-math></inline-formula> for the cylinder with length <italic>L</italic>. Although a superconducting solenoid sufficiently large to accommodate such a sample is required, the detection of dark matter axions in our proposal may be feasible in the mass range <inline-formula><tex-math id='TM0026' notation='LaTeX'>$m_a =10^{-4}\!-\!10^{-3}\text{ eV}$</tex-math></inline-formula>.

Aiichi Iwazaki

A Method of Axion Detection with Mass 10 &#8722;4&#8211;10 &#8722;3 eV Using a Cylindrical Sample with Low Electrical Conductivity

We examine the bulk reconstruction in the anti-de Sitter/conformal field theory (AdS/CFT) correspondence. We demonstrate that the subregion duality fails to hold, highlighting discrepancies between operators in causal wedge reconstruction and those in global reconstruction at the leading order in the large- <italic>N</italic> limit. We argue the invalidity of the entanglement wedge reconstruction based on the holographic quantum error correction code, attributing it to nonperturbative finite- <italic>N</italic> effects or quantum gravity effects due to the trans-Planckian modes near the horizon. Nevertheless, we propose the subregion complementarity, illustrating that different CFT operators can describe a bulk subregion. Although we expect that this complementarity is valid outside the horizon in general eternal black holes, it is inapplicable for single-sided black holes where a semiclassical description at the stretched horizon is absent.

Sotaro Sugishita

Seiji Terashima

Subregion Complementarity in anti-de Sitter/Conformal Field Theory

We present the performance of an efficient radon trap using silver-zeolite Ag-ETS-10, measured with a spherical proportional counter filled with an argon/methane mixture. Our study compares the radon reduction capabilities of silver-zeolite and the widely used activated charcoal, both at room temperature. We demonstrate that silver-zeolite significantly outperforms activated charcoal by three orders of magnitude in radon capture. Given that radon is a major background contaminant in rare-event searches, our findings highlight silver-zeolite as a highly promising adsorbent, offering compelling operational advantages for both current and future dark matter and neutrino physics experiments. Furthermore, this not only offers great promise for developing future radon reduction systems in underground laboratories, but also paves the way for innovative, multidisciplinary advancements with far-reaching implications in science, engineering, and environmental health.

Canada

D Durnford

Y Deng

C Garrah

P B O’Brien

P Gros

France

M Gros

J Busto

S Kuznicki

M-C Piro

Demonstration of Efficient Radon Removal by Silver-Zeolite in a Dark Matter Detector

We propose a numerical method of searching for parameters with experimental constraints in generic flavor models by utilizing diffusion models, which are classified as a type of generative artificial intelligence (generative AI). As a specific example, we consider the <inline-formula><tex-math id='TM0002' notation='LaTeX'>$S_4^\prime$</tex-math></inline-formula> modular flavor model and construct a neural network that reproduces quark masses, the Cabibbo&#8211;Kobayashi&#8211;Maskawa (CKM) matrix, and the Jarlskog invariant by treating free parameters in the flavor model as generating targets. By generating new parameters with the trained network and local optimization, we find various phenomenologically interesting parameter regions. Additionally, we confirm that the spontaneous CP violation occurs in the <inline-formula><tex-math id='TM0003' notation='LaTeX'>$S_4^\prime$</tex-math></inline-formula> model. The diffusion model enables an inverse problem approach, allowing the machine to provide a series of plausible model parameters from given experimental data.

Satsuki Nishimura

Hajime Otsuka

Haruki Uchiyama

Diffusion-Model Approach to Flavor Models: A Case Study for <italic>S</italic> &#8242; 4 Modular Flavor Model

We study a two Higgs doublet model extended by a complex singlet scalar, in which the imaginary part of the singlet serves as a dark matter (DM) candidate. In this model, degenerate masses of the three neutral Higgs bosons are crucial for achieving consistency with current constraints from DM direct-detection experiments and Higgs searches. This is called the degenerate scalar scenario. To provide a theoretical motivation for such a degenerate Higgs spectrum, we impose the tree-level Multiple Point Principle (MPP), which requires the electroweak and singlet vacua to be degenerate, and analyze its implications for the scalar potential, DM phenomenology, and the electroweak phase transition. We show that the tree-level MPP favors large SU(2) <inline-formula><tex-math id='TM0001' notation='LaTeX'>$_L$</tex-math></inline-formula> doublet-singlet mixing parameters, which compete with the degenerate scalar scenario. Nevertheless, we demonstrate that viable parameter regions still exist in which the observed DM constraints are satisfied. Furthermore, although the tree-level MPP forbids a tree-level-driven first-order electroweak phase transition, we show that thermal loop effects can induce a strong first-order transition compatible with electroweak baryogenesis.

Gi-Chol Cho

China

Chikako Idegawa

Chiaki Nose

Two Higgs Doublet Model with a Complex Singlet Scalar and Multicritical Point Principle

We propose a two-loop neutrino mass model where fermionic and bosonic dark matter (DM) candidates are simultaneously connected to the neutrinos. However, the fermionic DM candidate is favored compared to the bosonic one due to generating the fermionic DM mass at the one-loop level. In order to obtain our desired Lagrangian and Higgs potential, we introduce a <inline-formula><tex-math id='TM0002' notation='LaTeX'>$Z_3$</tex-math></inline-formula> gauging Tambara&#8211;Yamagami noninvertible fusion rule with the assistance of a nonholomorphic modular <inline-formula><tex-math id='TM0003' notation='LaTeX'>$A_4$</tex-math></inline-formula> symmetry. The fusion rule forbids the mass of the DM candidate at tree level but its mass is generated at the one-loop level where the DM mass term dynamically violates the fusion rule. After that, the neutrino mass matrix is induced at the one-loop level where a remnant <inline-formula><tex-math id='TM0004' notation='LaTeX'>$Z_2$</tex-math></inline-formula> symmetry still remains. The symmetry assures the stability of our DM candidate. The nonholomorphic modular <inline-formula><tex-math id='TM0005' notation='LaTeX'>$A_4$</tex-math></inline-formula> symmetry plays a role in forbidding the interactions between the SM particles and heavier fermions <inline-formula><tex-math id='TM0006' notation='LaTeX'>$X_R$</tex-math></inline-formula> and an isospin singlet inert scalar boson <inline-formula><tex-math id='TM0007' notation='LaTeX'>$S_0$</tex-math></inline-formula> that run in the DM mass loop, in addition to reducing our free parameters that lead to our predictions for the lepton sector. We perform a <inline-formula><tex-math id='TM0008' notation='LaTeX'>$\chi ^2$</tex-math></inline-formula> numerical analysis for the lepton masses, mixing angles, and phases, and we show several predictions for the normal and inverted hierarchies. Then, we demonstrate our lepton-flavor violations (LFVs), muon anomalous magnetic dipole moment, and the relic density of the DM candidate fixing the best-fit point of the lepton sector.

Hiroshi Okada

India

Shilpa Jangid

A Radiative Seesaw Model in a Noninvertible Selection Rule with the Assistance of a Nonholomorphic Modular <italic>A</italic> 4 Symmetry

We propose a simple model of family unification, which is a 6D <inline-formula><tex-math id='TM0001' notation='LaTeX'>$SO(20)$</tex-math></inline-formula> gauge theory with a single fermion in the spinorial representation. After compactification to five dimensions, our model gives a 5D model where the Standard Model Higgs field is unified into the fifth component of the 5D gauge field and three generations of quarks and leptons are unified into a single spinor field.

Nobuhito Maru

Ryujiro Nago

Family Unification in a Six-Dimensional Theory with an Orthogonal Gauge Group

The average of the exponential <inline-formula><tex-math id='TM0001' notation='LaTeX'>${\rm Tr}_R e^X$</tex-math></inline-formula>, i.e. of a group rather than an algebra character, in the Gaussian matrix model is known to be an amusing generalization of the Schur polynomial, where time-variables are substituted by traces of products of noncommuting matrices <inline-formula><tex-math id='TM0002' notation='LaTeX'>${\rm Tr} \left(\prod _i A_{k_i}\right)$</tex-math></inline-formula> and are thus labeled by weak compositions. The entries of matrices <inline-formula><tex-math id='TM0003' notation='LaTeX'>$A_k$</tex-math></inline-formula> are made from extended Laguerre polynomials, which introduces additional difficulties. We describe the generic sum rules, which express arbitrary traces through convolutions of a single Laguerre polynomial <inline-formula><tex-math id='TM0004' notation='LaTeX'>$L_{N-1}^1(z_{k_i})$</tex-math></inline-formula>, which is a considerable simplification.

Russia

Alexei Morozov

Kazumi Okuyama

Group Character Averages via a Single Laguerre