We study the new $Z'$ boson as a portal for the production of Higgs bosons $h_0$ and $H_0$ predicted by the Bestest Little Higgs Model through Higgs-strahlung processes $\mu^+\mu^- \to (Z, Z') \to Zh_0, ZH_0$ . We focus on the resonant and nonresonant effects of the $Zh_0, ZH_0$ signals. In our analysis, we consider the center-of-mass energies of $\sqrt{s}=3, 4, 6, 10, 30$ TeV and integrated luminosities of ${\cal{L}}=2, 4, 6, 10, 30$ ${ {\rm{ab}}^{-1}}$ projected for a future muon collider. The possibility of performing precision measurements for Higgs bosons $h_0$ and $H_0$ is very promising for the future muon collider. Furthermore, our results may be useful to the High Energy Physics community. Complementarily, we generate and provide the Feynman rules necessary for studying processes $\mu^+\mu^- \to (Z, Z') \to Zh_0, ZH_0$ .

J.M. Martínez-Martínez

A. Gutiérrez-Rodríguez

E. Cruz-Albaro

M.A. Hernández-Ruíz

New $\textit{Z}$' boson of the bestest little Higgs model as a portal to signatures of Higgs bosons $\textit{h}$ $_{0}$ and $\textit{H}$ $_{0}$ at the future muon collider

The theory of graphical functions is generalized from scalar theories to theories with spin, leading to a numerator structure in Feynman integrals. The main part of this article treats the case of positive integer spin, which is obtained from spin 1$\textit{/}$2 theories after the evaluation of $\textit{γ}$ traces.

Germany

Oliver Schnetz

Graphical functions with spin

We elaborate on the partially massless spin 5/2 supermultiplet, which contains partially massless spin 5/2, massless and partially massless spin 2, as well as massless spin 3/2. We consider the global supertransformations connecting partially massless spin 5/2 to its two possible superpartners, massless and partially massless spin 2, and make them local by switching the interaction with the massless gravitino. We use a frame-like gauge-invariant formalism to describe free fields and the Fradkin-Vasiliev formalism to construct interactions, Due to the presence of the Stueckelberg fields in the gauge-invariant description of massive and partially massless fields, we face ambiguities related to field redefinitions. We use this freedom to simplify calculations. At the same time, we demonstrate how these ambiguities can be resolved using unfolded equations.

Russia

Yu. Zinoviev

Partially massless spin 5/2 and supersymmetry

The current projected sensitivity on the electromagnetic coupling <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mrow><msub><mrow><mi>α</mi></mrow><mrow><mi>em</mi></mrow></msub><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><msubsup><mrow><mi>m</mi></mrow><mrow><mi>Z</mi></mrow><mrow><mn>2</mn></mrow></msubsup><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></mrow></math> represents a bottleneck for the precision electroweak program at FCC-ee. We propose a novel methodology to extract this coupling directly from <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mi>Z</mi></math>-pole data. By comparing the differential distribution of electrons, muons, and positrons in the forward region, the approach achieves a projected statistical sensitivity below the <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><msup><mn>10</mn><mrow><mo>−</mo><mn>5</mn></mrow></msup></math> level, representing a significant improvement over other methods. We assess the impact of leading parametric uncertainties including that of the top quark mass.

CERN

Marc Riembau

Precise Extraction of <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mrow><msub><mrow><mi>α</mi></mrow><mrow><mi>em</mi></mrow></msub><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><msubsup><mrow><mi>m</mi></mrow><mrow><mi>Z</mi></mrow><mrow><mn>2</mn></mrow></msubsup><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></mrow></math> at the Tera-<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mi>Z</mi></math> Stage of a Future Circular Collider

We accomplish for the first time the two-loop computation of the leading-twist contribution to the pion form factor by employing the effective field theory formalism rigorously. The next-to-next-to-leading-order hard function is determined by evaluating the appropriate five-point QCD amplitude with the modern multiloop technique and by implementing the ultraviolet renormalization and infrared subtractions in the presence of evanescent operators. The yielding two-loop correction to this fundamental quantity turns out to be numerically significant at experimentally accessible momentum transfers. We further demonstrate that the newly computed two-loop QCD correction is highly beneficial for an improved determination of the leading-twist pion distribution amplitude.

China

Yao Ji

Bo-Xuan Shi

Jian Wang

Ye-Fan Wang

Yu-Ming Wang

Hui-Xin Yu

Next-to-Next-to-Leading-Order QCD Prediction for the Pion Form Factor

We investigate the existence of bound states and resonances in the <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mi>ϕ</mi><mi>N</mi><mi>N</mi><mo>,</mo><mi>J</mi><mo>/</mo><mi>ψ</mi><mi>N</mi><mi>N</mi><mo>,</mo><msub><mi>η</mi><mi>c</mi></msub><mi>N</mi><mi>N</mi></math> systems using HAL QCD interactions for <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mi>ϕ</mi><mi>N</mi><mo>,</mo><mi>J</mi><mo>/</mo><mi>ψ</mi><mi>N</mi></math>, and <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><msub><mi>η</mi><mi>c</mi></msub><mi>N</mi></math>. We employ the Gaussian expansion method to solve the complex-scaled Schrödinger equation and find no resonances or bound states in the <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mi>J</mi><mo>/</mo><mi>ψ</mi><mi>N</mi><mi>N</mi></math> and <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><msub><mi>η</mi><mi>c</mi></msub><mi>N</mi><mi>N</mi></math> systems. We estimate the interaction between charmonium and nuclei, concluding that the <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mi>J</mi><mo>/</mo><mi>ψ</mi></math> or <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><msub><mi>η</mi><mi>c</mi></msub></math> is likely to bind with <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mrow><mmultiscripts><mrow><mi mathvariant="normal">H</mi></mrow><mprescripts></mprescripts><none></none><mrow><mn>3</mn></mrow></mmultiscripts></mrow></math>, <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mrow><mmultiscripts><mrow><mi>He</mi></mrow><mprescripts></mprescripts><none></none><mrow><mn>3</mn></mrow></mmultiscripts></mrow></math>, <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mrow><mmultiscripts><mrow><mi>He</mi></mrow><mprescripts></mprescripts><none></none><mrow><mn>4</mn></mrow></mmultiscripts></mrow></math>, and heavier nuclei. For the <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mi>ϕ</mi><mi>N</mi><mi>N</mi></math> system, the lattice QCD <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mrow><mi>ϕ</mi><mi>N</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mrow><msub><mrow><mmultiscripts><mrow><mi>S</mi></mrow><mprescripts></mprescripts><none></none><mrow><mn>2</mn></mrow></mmultiscripts></mrow><mrow><mn>1</mn><mo>/</mo><mn>2</mn></mrow></msub><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></mrow></mrow></math> interaction is absent. We combine the <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mi>ϕ</mi><mi>p</mi></math> correlation function analysis and HAL QCD results in model A. We assume the spin-spin interactions for <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mi>J</mi><mo>/</mo><mi>ψ</mi><mi>N</mi></math> and <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mi>ϕ</mi><mi>N</mi></math> systems are inversely proportional to their masses in model B. Model A predicts a stronger <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mi>ϕ</mi><mi>N</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><msub><mrow><mmultiscripts><mrow><mi>S</mi></mrow><mprescripts></mprescripts><none></none><mrow><mn>2</mn></mrow></mmultiscripts></mrow><mrow><mn>1</mn><mo>/</mo><mn>2</mn></mrow></msub><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></math> interaction and permits a two-body bound state, whereas model B suggests the interaction is attractive but too weak to form a bound state. Both models predict bound states for the <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mi>I</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><msup><mi>J</mi><mi>P</mi></msup><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo>=</mo><mn>0</mn><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><msup><mn>0</mn><mo>−</mo></msup><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></math> and <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mn>0</mn><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><msup><mn>1</mn><mo>−</mo></msup><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></math> <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mi>ϕ</mi><mi>N</mi><mi>N</mi></math> systems. In model A, these states are deeply bound with binding energies exceeding 15 MeV and remain existent when considering parameter uncertainties. In contrast, these states are very loosely bound in model B, with binding energies below 1 MeV and an existent probability of about 60% when parameter uncertainties are considered. In both models, there exist very loosely bound <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mi>I</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><msup><mi>J</mi><mi>P</mi></msup><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo>=</mo><mn>0</mn><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><msup><mn>2</mn><mo>−</mo></msup><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></math> three-body states which resemble a <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mi>ϕ</mi></math>-d atom with the <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mi>ϕ</mi></math> meson surrounding the deuteron, but their existence is sensitive to parameter uncertainties. No bound states or resonances are found in the isovector <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mi>I</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><msup><mi>J</mi><mi>P</mi></msup><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo>=</mo><mn>1</mn><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><msup><mn>1</mn><mo>−</mo></msup><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></math> <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mi>ϕ</mi><mi>N</mi><mi>N</mi></math> system.

Liang-Zhen Wen

Yao Ma

Lu Meng

Shi-Lin Zhu

<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mi>ϕ</mi><mi>N</mi><mi>N</mi></math>, <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mi>J</mi><mo>/</mo><mi>ψ</mi><mi>N</mi><mi>N</mi></math>, <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><msub><mi>η</mi><mi>c</mi></msub><mi>N</mi><mi>N</mi></math> systems based on HAL QCD interactions

In this work, we investigate the consistency of a perturbative definition of the S-matrix in a particular class of non-Lagrangian theories. We focus on the <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mi>p</mi></math>-form theories proposed in the work by Broccoli et al. [<a href="http://dx.doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.127.091603">Phys. Rev. Lett. 127, 091603 (2021)</a>], which are fully defined by “third-way” consistent equations of motion. Using the perturbiner method, we show that the unitarity is absent even at the tree level. We then pin down a unique modification of the equations of motion that restores unitarity. The tradeoff is the reinstatement of an underlying Lagrangian, which we recognize as the higher-dimensional generalization of the Freedman-Townsend (FT) model. Finally, we discuss conserved currents in third-way theories and show they all follow from parent currents in the FT model. In particular, we point out the existence of a higher-ranked global symmetry, which signals that the FT model is compatible with the existence of branelike charged objects in higher dimensions.

Czechia

Subhroneel Chakrabarti

Renann Lipinski Jusinskas

Perturbative unitarity calls for an action

The study of the spectrum of excited states of the nucleon is vital to our understanding of how QCD is realized in the baryon spectrum. Using a simultaneous analysis of the pion nucleon scattering data up to 2 GeV as well as the results of lattice QCD calculations, we obtain new insight into the nature of the Roper resonance as well as the excited states around 1.9 GeV.

Australia

S. Owa

D.B. Leinweber

A.W. Thomas

Nucleon resonance structure up to 2 GeV and the nature of the Roper resonance

The decay of asymmetric dark matter (ADM) can lead to distinct neutrino signatures characterized by an asymmetry between neutrinos and antineutrinos. In the high-energy regime, the Glashow resonant interaction <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mrow><msub><mrow><mover accent="true"><mrow><mi>ν</mi></mrow><mrow><mo stretchy="false">¯</mo></mrow></mover></mrow><mrow><mi>e</mi></mrow></msub><mo>+</mo><msup><mrow><mi>e</mi></mrow><mrow><mo>−</mo></mrow></msup><mo stretchy="false">→</mo><msup><mrow><mi>W</mi></mrow><mrow><mo>−</mo></mrow></msup></mrow></math> yields an increase in sensitivity to the neutrino flux, and stands out as the only way of discerning the antineutrino component in the diffuse high-energy astrophysical neutrino flux. This offers a unique opportunity in the search for dark matter with masses above the PeV scale. We examine the neutrino signal stemming from ADM decay and set the first stringent constraints on ADM lifetime <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><msub><mi>τ</mi><mi>X</mi></msub></math>. For ADM with mass <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><msub><mi>m</mi><mi>X</mi></msub><mo>≳</mo><mn>10</mn><mtext> </mtext><mtext> </mtext><mi>PeV</mi></math>, we exclude <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><msub><mi>τ</mi><mi>X</mi></msub><mo>≲</mo><msup><mn>10</mn><mn>29</mn></msup><mtext> </mtext><mtext> </mtext><mi mathvariant="normal">s</mi></math> using the data from the recent IceCube search for Glashow resonance events. Our projections further show that sensitivities at the forthcoming IceCube-Gen2 could approach <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><msup><mn>10</mn><mn>30</mn></msup><mtext> </mtext><mtext> </mtext><mi mathvariant="normal">s</mi></math>, depending on the decay channel. The current constraints on symmetric dark matter decay to neutrinos are also improved by up to a factor of 3 thanks to the Glashow resonance.

Canada

Qinrui Liu

Ningqiang Song

Aaron C. Vincent

Constraints on heavy asymmetric and symmetric dark matter from the Glashow resonance

I explore the limitations on the capacity of a relativistic channel to transmit power and information that arise because of the finiteness of the transverse speed of light. As a model system, I consider a rope constructed from a fundamental string, for which relativistic invariance is built in. By wiggling one end of the string, both power and information may be transmitted to the other end. I argue that even though an unbounded amount of power and information may be traveling down the string, there is a bound on how much may be transmitted. Further, I conjecture that the two kinds of channel capacity—power and information—interfere with each other, so that the only way to transmit the maximum amount of power is to send no information, and vice versa.

United States

Adam R. Brown

Channel Capacity of a Relativistic String