In this work, we develop an Einasto-core generalization of the Dymnikova regular black hole metric, motivated by the flat density profile and the Einasto-type density distribution used in modeling dark matter halos and galactic structures. Replacing the exponential source term in the Dymnikova metric with an Einasto-type profile defined by the parameter $$\alpha $$ , we obtain a new, regular class of asymptotically flat and spherically symmetric configurations. We derive the corresponding spacetime metric by employing the Einstein field equations with an anisotropic stress-energy tensor as the matter source. Our analysis confirms that a family of regular black hole solutions can be constructed for arbitrary values of the Einasto index $$\alpha $$ and for a broad range of mass parameters $\textit{M}$.The resulting configuration smoothly interpolates between a de Sitter core at the center and a Schwarzschild-like exterior at large radii, preserving the regular character of the geometry. It is observed that the interpolation of different shape parameter values leads to distinct self-gravitational, anisotropic populations of cosmic objects with unique physical characteristics. The non-singular and viable nature of the obtained solution is examined through the finiteness of the scalar curvature.

Saudi Arabia

Mohammad Alshammari

Saleh Alshammari

Pakistan

S. Khan

M. Al-sawalha

Einasto-core generalization of the Dymnikova regular black hole metric

This work presents a detailed analysis of the gravitational collapse of a shear-free radiating, spherically symmetric imperfect fluid. The interior spacetime, characterized by dissipative and anisotropic pressure processes, is matched to an exterior Vaidya spacetime. We choose forms of the gravitational potentials which generalize earlier well known models yielding new dynamical effects. The matter variables are well behaved and a horizon does not form for the linear form of the temporal behaviour of the potential. The role of gravitational complexity is studied. We find that complexity plays a central role in the collapse process and influences the evolution of anisotropy, inhomogeneous processes and dissipative effects. Notably we find that profiles of the matter variables are similar to complexity early in the evolution of the star but their magnitudes grow appreciably as the collapse proceeds.

South Africa

Lindani Majozi

Megandhren Govender

Sunil Maharaj

Wesley Govender

Complexity driven by anisotropy, inhomogeneity and dissipation

Jet reconstruction in an ultrarelativistic heavy-ion collision suffers from a notoriously large, fluctuating thermal background. Traditional background‐subtraction methods struggle to remove this soft background while preserving the jet's hard substructure. In this Letter, we present DeepSub, a machine-learning-based approach for full-event background‐subtraction. DeepSub utilizes a model based on Swin Transformer layers to denoise jet images and disentangle hard jets from the heavy-ion background. DeepSub significantly outperforms existing subtraction techniques by reproducing key jet observables such as jet <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><msub><mi>p</mi><mi mathvariant="normal">T</mi></msub></math> and mass, and substructure observables such as girth and the energy correlation function, at the subpercent to percent level. As such, DeepSub paves the way for precision heavy-ion measurements in hitherto inaccessible kinematic regimes.

United States

Umar Sohail Qureshi

Raghav Kunnawalkam Elayavalli

Deep image reconstruction for background subtraction in heavy-ion collisions

We extract the equation of state of hot quark matter from a holographic <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mn>2</mn><mo>+</mo><mn>1</mn></math> flavor quantum chromodynamics (QCD) model, which could form the core of a stable compact star. By adding a thin hadron shell, a new type of hybrid star is constructed. With the temperature serving as a parameter, the EoS varies and we obtain stable stars with mass ranging from about 5 to 30 solar masses, and the maximum compactness around 0.2. The I-Love-Q-C relations are further discussed, and compared with the neutron star cases. These compact stars are candidates for black hole mimickers, which could be observed by gravitational waves and distinguished by properties like nonzero tidal Love number and electromagnetic signals.

China

Le-Feng Chen

Heng-Yi Yuan

Meng-Hua Zhou

Kun Lu

Jing-Yi Wu

Kilar Zhang

Predictions on observing hot holographic quark stars with gravitational waves

We study scattering amplitudes and form factors in planar <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mrow><mi mathvariant="script">N</mi><mo>=</mo><mn>4</mn></mrow></math> super Yang-Mills theory in the limit where two pairs of gluons become collinear. We find that, when the virtualities of both collinear pairs are spacelike, the collinear factorization of the amplitude involves a generalized splitting amplitude that correlates the two collinear directions, confirming a recent proposal in the literature. Remarkably, we find that our generalized splitting amplitude agrees with the Bern-Dixon-Smirnov subtracted six-point amplitude in multi-Regge kinematics. The latter can be explicitly evaluated using integrability to all orders in the coupling. We also present compelling evidence for the universality of the generalized splitting amplitude by showing that the same function governs the double spacelike collinear limit of scattering amplitudes with up to eight particles and three loops and form factors with up to six particles and two loops.

Germany

Claude Duhr

Aniruddha Venkata

Chi Zhang

Double Spacelike Collinear Limits from Multi-Regge Kinematics

Higher rank gauge theories are generalizations of electromagnetism where, in addition to overall charge conservation, there is also conservation of higher rank multipoles such as the total dipole moment. In this work we study a four-dimensional lattice tensor gauge theory coupled to bosonic matter which has second rank tensor electric and magnetic fields and charge conservation on individual planes. Starting from the Hamiltonian, we derive the lattice action for the gauge fields coupled to <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mi>q</mi><mo>=</mo><mn>1</mn></math>, 2 charged scalars. We use the action formulation to carry out Monte Carlo simulations to map the phase diagram as a function of the gauge (<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mi>β</mi></math>) and matter (<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mi>κ</mi></math>) couplings. We compute the nature of correlators at strong and weak coupling in the pure gauge theory and compare the results to numerical simulations. Simulations show that the naive weak coupling regime (small <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mi>κ</mi></math>, large <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mi>β</mi></math>) does not survive in the thermodynamic limit. Instead, the strong coupling confined phase spans the whole phase diagram. It is a proliferation of instantons that destroys the weak coupling phase and we show, via a duality transformation, that the expected strong confinement is present in the analog of Wilson line correlators. For finite matter coupling at <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mi>q</mi><mo>=</mo><mn>1</mn></math> we find a single thermodynamic phase albeit with a first-order phase transition terminating in a critical end point. For <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mi>q</mi><mo>=</mo><mn>2</mn></math> it is known that the X-cube model with <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><msub><mi mathvariant="double-struck">Z</mi><mn>2</mn></msub></math> fractonic topological order is recovered deep in the Higgs regime. The simulations indeed reveal a distinct Higgs phase in this case.

Portugal

Japan

Ireland

José M. Cruz

Masafumi Udagawa

Pedro Bicudo

Pedro Ribeiro

France

Paul A. McClarty

Hollow lattice tensor gauge theories with bosonic matter

We present a novel strategy to uncover indirect signs of new physics in collider data using the standard model effective field theory (SMEFT) framework, offering notably improved sensitivity compared to traditional global analyses. Our approach leverages genetic algorithms to efficiently navigate the high-dimensional space of operator subsets, identifying deformations that improve agreement with data without relying on prior ultraviolet (UV) assumptions. This enables the systematic detection of SMEFT scenarios that outperform the standard model in explaining observed deviations. We validate the approach on current large hadron collider and large electron-positron collider measurements, perform closure tests with injected UV signals, and assess performance under high-luminosity projections. The algorithm successfully recovers relevant operator subsets and highlights directions in parameter space where deviations are most likely to emerge. Our results demonstrate the potential of SMEFT-based discovery searches driven by model selection, providing a scalable framework for future data analyses.

Spain

Martin Hirsch

Luca Mantani

Veronica Sanz

Data-Driven Discovery Strategy for Standard Model Effective Field Theory Searches

We perform a comprehensive global QCD analysis of spin-dependent parton distribution functions (PDFs), combining all available data on inclusive and semi-inclusive deep-inelastic scattering (DIS), as well as inclusive weak boson and jet production in polarized <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mi>p</mi><mi>p</mi></math> collisions, simultaneously extracting spin-averaged PDFs and fragmentation functions. Including recent Jefferson Lab DIS data at high <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mi>x</mi></math>, together with subleading power corrections to the leading-twist framework, allows us to verify the stability of the PDFs for <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><msup><mi>W</mi><mn>2</mn></msup><mo>≥</mo><mn>4</mn><mtext> </mtext><mtext> </mtext><msup><mrow><mi>GeV</mi></mrow><mrow><mn>2</mn></mrow></msup></math> and quantify the uncertainties on the spin structure functions more reliably. We explore the use of new lattice QCD data on gluonic pseudo-Ioffe time distributions, which, together with jet production and high-<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mi>x</mi></math> DIS data, improve the constraints on the polarized gluon PDF. The expanded kinematic reach afforded by the data into the high-<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mi>x</mi></math> region allows us to refine the bounds on higher-twist contributions to the spin structure functions, and test the validity of the Bjorken sum rule.

C. Cocuzza

Australia

N.T. Hunt-Smith

W. Melnitchouk

N. Sato

A.W. Thomas

Global QCD analysis of spin PDFs in the proton with high-<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mi>x</mi></math> and lattice constraints

We show the outstanding potential of the High-Luminosity LHC (HL-LHC) to discover charged lepton flavor violation (cLFV) via the ultraperipheral process <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mi>γ</mi><mi>γ</mi><mo stretchy="false">→</mo><msup><mi>e</mi><mo>±</mo></msup><msup><mi>μ</mi><mo>∓</mo></msup></math>. Using a gauge-invariant effective field theory framework—consistent with the most stringent bounds from radiative decays—we perform a full Monte Carlo analysis with multivariate techniques. Our results show that a <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mn>5</mn><mi>σ</mi></math> discovery is achievable with an integrated luminosity of <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><msub><mi mathvariant="script">L</mi><mrow><mi>int</mi></mrow></msub><mo>≳</mo><mn>2700</mn><mtext> </mtext><mtext> </mtext><msup><mrow><mi>fb</mi></mrow><mrow><mo>−</mo><mn>1</mn></mrow></msup></math> for favorable benchmark scenarios. This study establishes photon fusion at the HL-LHC as a powerful probe of cLFV, strongly motivating dedicated searches by the experimental collaborations.

Mexico

M.A. Arroyo-Ureña

O. Félix-Beltrán

J. Hernández-Sánchez

C.G. Honorato

S. Rosado-Navarro

Lepton flavor violation in photon-induced electron-muon pairs at the HL-LHC

The presence of dark matter (DM) stands as one of the most compelling indications of new physics in particle physics. Typically, the detection of wavelike DM involves quantum sensors, such as qubits or cavities. The phase of the sensors is usually discarded as the value of the phase itself is not physically meaningful. However, the difference of the phase between the sensors contains the information of the velocity and direction of the DM wind. We propose a measurement protocol to extract this information from the sensors using quantum states. Our method does not require specific experimental setups and can be applied to any type of DM detector as long as the data from the detectors can be taken quantum mechanically. We also show that our method does not spoil the sensitivity of the DM detectors and is superior to the classical method based on the correlations of the DM signals between the detectors.

Hajime Fukuda

Yuichiro Matsuzaki

Thanaporn Sichanugrist

Directional Searching for Light Dark Matter with Quantum Sensors