We use a modified relativistic quark model to study the properties of excited charmed and charmed strange mesons. We calculate the masses and wave functions of conventional charmed and charmed strange mesons incorporating both spin and $\textit{S}$-$\textit{D}$ mixing effects and fit parameters of the potential model with known experimental states using differential evolution techniques. Using leading Born-Oppenheimer expansion, we compute the spectrum and wave functions of the first gluonic excited state of charmed and charmed strange mesons. We examine the effects of gluonic excitation on the spectrum of the resulting hybrid mesons. Using our calculated spectrum and wave functions, we determine the radiative transitions of the conventional and hybrid open charm mesons. We compare our calculations with experimental data and other works. We expect our results will be beneficial in the detection of charmed and charmed strange conventional and hybrid mesons.

Pakistan

Saba Noor

Faisal Akram

Bilal Masud

Study of excited $\textit{D}$ and D$_{s}$ mesons in a relativized quark model * F. A. acknowledges HEC grant 20-15728/NRPU/R&D/HEC/2021, Pakistan

We discuss the landscape of flavor physics at the Circular Electron-Positron Collider (CEPC), based on the nominal luminosity outlined in its Technical Design Report. The CEPC is designed to operate in multiple modes to address a variety of tasks. At the $\textit{Z}$ pole, the expected production of 4 Tera $\textit{Z}$ bosons will provide unique and highly precise measurements of $\textit{Z}$ boson couplings, while the substantial number of boosted heavy-flavored quarks and leptons produced in clean $\textit{Z}$ decays will facilitate investigations into their flavor physics with unprecedented precision. We investigate the prospects of measuring various physics benchmarks and discuss their implications for particle theories and phenomenological models. Our studies indicate that, with its highlighted advantages and anticipated excellent detector performance, the CEPC can explore beauty and $\textit{τ}$ physics in ways that are superior to or complementary with the Belle II and Large-Hadron-Collider-beauty experiments, potentially enabling the detection of new physics at energy scales of 10 TeV and above. This potential also extends to the observation of yet-to-be-discovered rare and exotic processes, as well as testing fundamental principles such as lepton flavor universality, lepton and baryon number conservation, etc., making the CEPC a vibrant platform for flavor physics research. The $\textit{WW}$ threshold scan, Higgs-factory operation and top-pair productions of the CEPC further enhance its merits in this regard, especially for measuring the Cabibbo-Kobayashi-Maskawa matrix elements, and Flavor-Changing-Neutral-Current physics of Higgs boson and top quarks. We outline the requirements for detector performance and considerations for future development to achieve the anticipated scientific goals. The role of machine learning for innovative detector design and advanced reconstruction algorithms is also stressed. The CEPC flavor physics program not only develops new capabilities for exploring flavor physics beyond existing projects but also enriches the physics opportunities of this machine. It should be remarked that, given the richness of the CEPC flavor physics, this manuscript is not meant to be a comprehensive survey, but rather an investigation of representative cases. Uncovering the full potential of flavor physics at the CEPC will require further dedicated explorations in the future.

China

Xiaocong Ai

United States

Wolfgang Altmannshofer

Peter Athron

Xiaozhi Bai

Lorenzo Calibbi

Germany

Lu Cao

Yuzhi Che

Chunhui Chen

Ji-Yuan Chen

Long Chen

Mingshui Chen

Shanzhen Chen

Xuan Chen

Shan Cheng

Cheng-Wei Chiang

Switzerland

Andreas Crivellin

Hanhua Cui

France

Olivier Deschamps

Sébastien Descotes-Genon

Xiaokang Du

Shuangshi Fang

Yu Gao

Yuanning Gao

Li-Sheng Geng

Pablo Goldenzweig

Jiayin Gu

Feng-Kun Guo

Yuchen Guo

Zhi-Hui Guo

Tao Han

Hong-Jian He

Jibo He

Miao He

Xiaogang He

Yanping Huang

Gino Isidori

Quan Ji

Jianfeng Jiang

Xu-Hui Jiang

Slovenia

Jernej F. Kamenik

Tsz Hong Kwok

Gang Li

Geng Li

Haibo Li

Haitao Li

Hengne Li

Honglei Li

Liang Li

Lingfeng Li

Qiang Li

Shu Li

Xiaomei Li

Xin-Qiang Li

Yiming Li

Yubo Li

Yuji Li

Zhao Li

Hao Liang

Zhijun Liang

Libo Liao

Zoltan Ligeti

Jia Liu

Jianbei Liu

Tao Liu

Yi Liu

Yong Liu

Zhen Liu

Xinchou Lou

Peng-Cheng Lu

Italy

Alberto Lusiani

Hong-Hao Ma

Kai Ma

Farvah Mahmoudi

Yajun Mao

Yaxian Mao

David Marzocca

Juan-Juan Niu

Soeren Prell

Huirong Qi

Sen Qian

Zhuoni Qian

Qin Qin

Ariel Rock

Jonathan L. Rosner

Manqi Ruan

Dingyu Shao

Chengping Shen

Xiaoyan Shen

Haoyu Shi

United Kingdom

Liaoshan Shi

Zong-Guo Si

Cristian Sierra

Huayang Song

Shufang Su

Wei Su

Zhijia Sun

Michele Tammaro

Dayong Wang

En Wang

Flavor physics at the CEPC: a general perspective * We acknowledge financial support from the National Natural Science Foundation of China (NSFC) (12125507, 12047503, 12035008, 2211530479, 12475094, 12135006, 12075097, 12375086, 2022YFA1601903, 12061141007, 12375091, 12342502, 12235018, 12335003, 12105100, 12475106, 11961141015, 12188102, 12175245, 12205171, 12321005, tsqn202312052, 2024HWYQ-005, 12405121, 12447167, 12061141006, 12405102, 12125503,12305115, 12075213, 12335005, 12235008); the Chinese Academy of Sciences (YSBR-101, XDB34030000); the National Key R&D Program of China (2022YFE0116900, 2023YFA1606703, 2022YFA1601901); the National Key Research and Development Program of China (2023YFA1606300); the Excellent Postdoctoral Program of Jiangsu Province (2023ZB891); the Shenzhen Science and Technology Program (202206193000001, 20220816094256002); the Natural Science Foundation for Distinguished Young Scholars of Henan Province (242300421046); the Beijing Municipal Natural Science Foundation (JQ22002); the Area of Excellence (AoE/P-404/18-3) and the General Research Fund (16304321) (both grants are issued by the Research Grants Council of Hong Kong S.A.R); the MOST National Key R&D Program (2023YFA1606303); the Shanghai Key Laboratory for Particle Physics and Cosmology, Key Laboratory for Particle Astrophysics and Cosmology (Ministry of Education), Shanghai Jiao Tong University

We apply a universal two-zero texture (UTZT) to all mass matrices for matter in its flavor space within the $\textit{SO}$(10) GUT framework. This texture can be realized by assigning different charges to each family in a $ Z_6 $ symmetry. By fixing the charged fermion masses at their best-fit values, we fit the remaining nine precisely measured observables (three angles and one CP-violating phase in quark mixing, three angles in lepton mixing, and two neutrino mass-squared differences) with seven model parameters. The model fits all data on fermion masses and mixing accurately, and the leptonic CP-violating phase is predicted to lie in the range $ (90^\circ, 230^\circ) $ . The model further predicts the right-handed neutrino masses, with the lightest and heaviest ones being on orders of $ 10^9 $ and $ 10^{12} $ GeV, respectively. Gauge unification and proton decay were checked under the assumption of a breaking chain with two intermediate symmetries above the electroweak scale. The result indicates that $ \alpha_{\rm{GUT}} $ varies in the range of (0.022,0.032) as long as the assumption of an economical choice of Higgs contents is fulfilled, and $ M_{\rm{GUT}} $ should be bigger than $ 4.5\times 10^{15} $ GeV to meet the Super-K bound. We report on the effective mass $ m_{ee} $ for neutrinoless double beta decay, which provides a possibility to test grand unification with neutrinoless double beta decay experiments.

Gao-Xiang Fang

Ye-Ling Zhou

Fermion masses and mixing in $\textit{SO}$(10) GUT with a universal two-zero texture * Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (NSFC) (12205064, 12347103) and Zhejiang Provincial Natural Science Foundation of China (LDQ24A050002)

In this study, we investigate a two-component scalar dark matter framework featuring two singlet scalar fields as dark matter candidates. To ensure vacuum stability, we employ copositive criteria for the scalar potential. We analyze four distinct copositive scenarios characterized by specific negative parameter configurations using direct detection constraints. A comprehensive parameter space scan is performed under joint constraints from the observed dark matter relic density and direct detection experiments. The different signs of couplings not only correspond to different copositive criteria but also contribute to different parameter spaces caused by interference. The allowed values of quartic couplings are different for the four different cases; however, they all require the new Higgs to play a dominant role in determining dark matter relic density within the viable parameter space.

Xin-Xin Qi

Hao Sun

Copositive criteria for a two-component dark matter model * Hao Sun is supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (12075043 and 12147205). XinXin Qi is supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (12447162)

In this article we propose the scheme of integration of two-dimensional $\textit{F}$($\textit{R}$) gravity vacuum equations in a travelling wave variable. The main emphasis is placed on the fundamental possibility of obtaining different forms of the function $\textit{F}$($\textit{R}$) by arbitrarily choosing a certain function through which all components of the metric tensor of the theory can be expressed.

Russia

Maria Shubina

Scheme of integration of vacuum $\textit{F}$($\textit{R}$) gravity in a travelling wave variable

We build the canonical ensemble of a hot self-gravitating matter thin shell in anti–de Sitter (AdS) space by finding its partition function through the Euclidean path integral approach with fixed temperature at the conformal boundary. We obtain the reduced action of the system by restricting the path integral to spherically symmetric metrics with given boundary conditions and with the Hamiltonian constraint satisfied. The stationary conditions, i.e., the mechanical equilibrium and the thermodynamic equilibrium, are obtained from minimizing the reduced action. Evaluating the perturbed reduced action at the stationary points yields the mechanical stability condition and the thermodynamic stability condition. The reduced action calculated at the stationary points gives the partition function in the zero-loop approximation, and from it, the thermodynamic properties of the system are acquired. Within thermodynamics alone, the only stability condition that one can establish is thermodynamic stability, which follows from the computation of the heat capacity. For given specific pressure and temperature equations of state for the shell, we obtain the solutions of the ensemble. There are four different thin shell solutions, one of them is fully stable, i.e., is stable mechanically and thermodynamically. For the equations of state given, we find a first order phase transition from the matter thermodynamic phase to the Hawking-Page black hole phase. Moreover, there is a maximum temperature above which the shell ceases to exist, presumably at these high temperatures the shell inevitably collapses to a black hole.

Portugal

Tiago V. Fernandes

Francisco J. Gandum

José P.S. Lemos

Canonical ensemble of a self-gravitating matter thin shell in AdS space

In this work, we have investigated the valence quark structure through chiral-even vector quark generalized parton distributions (GPDs) of light <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mi>ρ</mi></math> and heavy <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mi>J</mi><mo>/</mo><mi>ψ</mi></math> vector mesons using the light-cone quark model. By solving the quark-quark correlator, we have represented the quark GPDs in the light-front wave function (LFWFs) form. The charge, magnetic, and quadrupole form factors of these particles have been derived from the vector quark GPDs and compared with available theoretical predictions and lattice simulation data. The structure functions corresponding to the Rosenbluth scattering cross section of these mesons have also been calculated and compared with available NJL model predictions. All the results of our calculations are found to follow a similar trend to other model results. We have also calculated the parton distribution functions (PDFs) of these particles in the forward limit of GPDs. The calculated PDFs have also been evolved to <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mrow><mn>5</mn><mtext> </mtext><mtext> </mtext><msup><mrow><mi>GeV</mi></mrow><mrow><mn>2</mn></mrow></msup></mrow></math> through next to next to leading order Dokshitzer-Gribov-Lipatov-Altarelli-Parisi (DGLAP) evolutions.

India

 Tanisha

Satyajit Puhan

Anurag Yadav

Harleen Dahiya

Valence quark distribution of light <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mi>ρ</mi></math> and heavy <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mi>J</mi><mo>/</mo><mi>ψ</mi></math> vector mesons in a light-cone quark model

We study the essential renormalization group equation, in which inessential couplings are removed via field redefinitions, for Einstein gravity coupled to a massive scalar field in the presence of a cosmological constant. Our results indicate that perturbatively nonrenormalizable terms can be eliminated due to the cosmological term, in contrast to the case of perturbation around flat spacetime. We find a nontrivial fixed point for the Newton coupling and the cosmological term.

Japan

Nobuyoshi Ohta

Masatoshi Yamada

Essential renormalization group equation for gravity coupled to a scalar field

In the present work, we have studied how the rotation of the QGP medium affects the transport coefficients and observables in heavy ion collisions. For the noncentral collisions, although most of the angular momentum gets carried away by the spectators, there still remains a finite angular momentum with a finite range of angular velocity, which thus incites rotation in the produced matter. As a result, various properties of the QGP medium including its transport properties are most likely to be modulated by the rotation. We have calculated the transport coefficients and observables, such as the electrical conductivity, the thermal conductivity, the Knudsen number, the elliptic flow, the specific heat at constant pressure, the specific heat at constant volume, the trace anomaly, the thermal diffusion constant and the isothermal compressibility using the kinetic theory to see the effect of rotation on them. In particular, we have used the novel relaxation time approximation for the collision integral in the relativistic Boltzmann transport equation to derive the transport coefficients and compared them with their values in the relaxation time approximation within the kinetic theory approach in conjunction with the finite angular velocity. We have found that the emergence of angular velocity enhances the flow of charge and heat in the medium. Further, as compared to the relaxation time approximation, the electrical and the thermal conductivities have smaller values in the novel relaxation time approximation and these differences between the conductivities in the said approximations are more pronounced at high temperatures than at low temperatures. Furthermore, all the aforesaid observables are found to be sensitive to the rotation of the QGP medium.

Chile

Shubhalaxmi Rath

Sadhana Dash

Analyzing the transport coefficients and observables of a rotating QGP medium in kinetic theory framework with a novel approach to the collision integral

In this work, we investigate the influence of a perfectly conducting plate on the Uehling potential of quantum electrodynamics (QED), corresponding to the first loop correction to the classical Coulomb potential in that situation. We use the method of images adapted to the photon propagator, extending the method beyond the standard (classical) tree level calculation. We show that the effect of the plate on the quantum correction is much stronger than the expectation from a naive application of the method of images.