We discuss the axion dark matter (DM) condensate and the consequences the interactions of dark matter would have on the spectrum of collective modes. We find that DM self-interactions change the spectrum of excitations from a quadratic to a linearlike dispersion with velocity <math><msub><mi>v</mi><mi>s</mi></msub></math> which is set by the interactions, but dominated by gravity. For typical DM densities and interactions we find <math><msub><mi>v</mi><mi>s</mi></msub><mo>∼</mo><msup><mn>10</mn><mrow><mo>−</mo><mn>12</mn></mrow></msup><mi>c</mi></math>. This soundlike mode corresponds to DM density oscillations just like in any other Bose liquid, hence we call it dark sound (DS). The DS mode is well defined and describes stable density oscillations at intermediate length scales <math><mrow><mi>k</mi><mo>≥</mo><msub><mrow><mi>k</mi></mrow><mrow><mi>min</mi></mrow></msub><mo>∼</mo><msup><mrow><mn>10</mn></mrow><mrow><mn>4</mn></mrow></msup><mtext> </mtext><mtext> </mtext><msup><mrow><mi>lyr</mi></mrow><mrow><mo>−</mo><mn>1</mn></mrow></msup></mrow></math>. In the extreme long-wavelength limit gravity dominates and leads to Jeans instability of the sound mode at the scale of clump formation <math><mi>k</mi><mo>≤</mo><msub><mi>k</mi><mi>min</mi></msub></math>. We also discuss the possible observable consequences of the DS, including quantized DS modes inside clumps, their characteristic energy, and noise features that might facilitate the observation of DM.

Sweden

Alexander V. Balatsky

Benjo Fraser

Henrik S. Røising

Dark sound: Collective modes of the axionic dark matter condensate

Following on from a previous article [1], we consider open strings in the non-Abelian T-dual of the <math><mi>S</mi><mi>U</mi><msub><mrow><mo>(</mo><mn>2</mn><mo>)</mo></mrow><mrow><mi>k</mi></mrow></msub></math> WZW model, with respect to the vector <math><mi>S</mi><mi>U</mi><mo>(</mo><mn>2</mn><mo>)</mo></math> isometry. Since in this case the dual theory has an exact CFT description, we look at the chiral algebra-preserving D-branes. The general conclusion is that a large set of branes, while consistent boundary conditions on the worldsheet, are sent to infinity in the target space. This suggests inconsistency of the strict non-Abelian duality with open strings, in this case.

Thailand

D-branes (or not) in the non-Abelian T-dual of the (2) WZW model

Two-dimensional σ-models corresponding to coset CFTs of the type <math><mo>(</mo><msub><mrow><mover><mrow><mi>g</mi></mrow><mrow><mo>ˆ</mo></mrow></mover></mrow><mrow><mi>k</mi></mrow></msub><mo>⊕</mo><msub><mrow><mover><mrow><mi>h</mi></mrow><mrow><mo>ˆ</mo></mrow></mover></mrow><mrow><mi>ℓ</mi></mrow></msub><mo>)</mo><mo>/</mo><msub><mrow><mover><mrow><mi>h</mi></mrow><mrow><mo>ˆ</mo></mrow></mover></mrow><mrow><mi>k</mi><mo>+</mo><mi>ℓ</mi></mrow></msub></math> admit a zoom-in limit involving sending one of the levels, say ℓ, to infinity. The result is the non-Abelian T-dual of the WZW model for the algebra <math><msub><mrow><mover><mrow><mi>g</mi></mrow><mrow><mo>ˆ</mo></mrow></mover></mrow><mrow><mi>k</mi></mrow></msub></math> with respect to the vector action of the subalgebra <math><mi>h</mi></math> of <math><mi>g</mi></math>. We examine modular invariant partition functions in this context. Focusing on the case with <math><mi>g</mi><mo>=</mo><mi>h</mi><mo>=</mo><mrow><mi>su</mi></mrow><mo>(</mo><mn>2</mn><mo>)</mo></math> we apply the above limit to the branching functions and modular invariant partition function of the coset CFT, which as a whole is a delicate procedure. Our main concrete result is that such a limit is well defined and the resulting partition function is modular invariant.

Greece

Cyprus

Dimitrios Manolopoulos

Konstantinos Sfetsos

Non-Abelian T-duality and modular invariance

We consider supersymmetric configurations in Type IIB supergravity obtained by the beackreaction of fundamental strings ending on a stack of D3-branes and smeared uniformly in the three spatial directions along the D3-branes. These automatically include a distribution of D5-brane baryon vertices necessary to soak up string charge. The backgrounds are static, preserving eight supersymmetries, an SO(5) global symmetry and symmetry under spatial translations and rotations. We obtain the most general BPS configurations consistent with the symmetries. We show that the solutions to the Type IIB field equations are completely specified by a single function (the dilaton) satisfying a Poisson-like equation in two dimensions. We further find that the equation admits a class of solutions displaying Lifshitz-like scaling with dynamical critical exponent z = 7. The equations also admit an asymptotically AdS 5 × S 5 solution deformed by the presence of backreacted string sources that yield a uniform density of heavy quarks in N = 4 $$ \mathcal{N}=4 $$ SYM.

Spain

Anton Faedo

United Kingdom

S. Kumar

Emergent Lifshitz scaling from N = 4 $$ \mathcal{N}=4 $$ SYM with supersymmetric heavy-quark density

We examine a class of gravity backgrounds obtained by considering the back-reaction of a spatially uniform density of mutually BPS Wilson lines or heavy quarks in $ \mathcal{N} $ = 4 SUSY Yang-Mills theory. The configurations preserve eight supercharges and an SO(5) subgroup of the SO(6) R-symmetry. They are obtained by considering the $ \frac{1}{4} $ -BPS geometries associated to smeared string/D3-brane (F1-D3) intersections. We argue that for the (partially) localized intersection, the geometry exhibits a flow from AdS 5 × S 5 in the UV to a novel IR scaling solution displaying anisotropic Lifshitz-like scaling with dynamical critical exponent z = 7, hyperscaling violation and a logarithmic running dilaton. We also obtain a two-parameter family of smeared $ \frac{1}{4} $ -BPS solutions on the Coulomb branch of $ \mathcal{N} $ = 4 SYM exhibiting Lifshitz scaling and hyperscaling violation. For a certain parametric range these yield IR geometries which are conformal to AdS 2 × $ \mathbb{R} $ 3 , and which have been argued to be relevant for fermionic physics.

Anton F. Faedo

S. Prem Kumar

Supersymmetric Lifshitz-like backgrounds from $ \mathcal{N} $ = 4 SYM with heavy quark density