We study Drell-Yan production in universal theories consistently including effects beyond dimension six in the Standard Model effective field theory (SMEFT). Within universal SMEFT and with <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mi>C</mi></math> and <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mi>P</mi></math> conservation we find that 11 dimension-eight operators contribute in addition to the six contributing at dimension six. We first work in an operator basis in which operators with higher derivatives of the bosonic fields have been rotated by equations of motion in favor of combinations of operators involving SM fermion currents. We derive the general form of the amplitudes consistently in the expansion to <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mi mathvariant="script">O</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><msup><mi mathvariant="normal">Λ</mi><mrow><mo>−</mo><mn>4</mn></mrow></msup><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></math> and identify eight combinations of the 17 Wilson coefficients which are physically distinguishable by studying the invariant mass distribution of the lepton pairs produced. We then introduce an extension of the parametrization of universal effects in terms of oblique parameters obtained by linearly expanding the self-energies of the electroweak gauge bosons to <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mi mathvariant="script">O</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><msup><mi>q</mi><mn>6</mn></msup><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></math>. It contains 11 oblique parameters of which only eight are generated within SMEFT at dimension eight: <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mover accent="true"><mi>S</mi><mo stretchy="false">^</mo></mover></math>, <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mover accent="true"><mi>T</mi><mo stretchy="false">^</mo></mover></math>, <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mi>W</mi></math>, <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mi>Y</mi></math>, <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mover accent="true"><mi>U</mi><mo stretchy="false">^</mo></mover></math>, <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mi>X</mi></math>, plus two additional which we label <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><msup><mi>W</mi><mo>′</mo></msup></math> and <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><msup><mi>Y</mi><mo>′</mo></msup></math> and show how they match at linear order with the eight identified combinations of operator coefficients. We then perform a combined analysis of a variety of LHC data on the neutral- and charged-current Drell-Yan processes with the aim of constraining the eight combinations. We compare and combine the LHC bounds with those from electroweak precision <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mi>W</mi></math> and <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mi>Z</mi></math> pole observables which can only provide constraints in four directions of the eight-parameter space. We present the results in terms of limits on the eight effective Wilson coefficients as well as on the eight oblique parameters. In each case, we study the dependence of the derived constraints on the order of the expansion considered.

Austria

Tyler Corbett

United States

Jay Desai

Brazil

O.J.P. Éboli

Spain

M.C. Gonzalez-Garcia

France

Matheus Martines

Peter Reimitz

Drell-Yan production in universal theories beyond dimension-six SMEFT

We report on the complete computation of the mixed QCD-electroweak corrections to the neutral-current Drell-Yan process. Our calculation holds in the entire range of dilepton invariant masses. We present phenomenological results for several kinematical distributions in the case of bare muons both in the resonant region and for high invariant masses. We also consider the forward-backward asymmetry, which is a key observable to measure the weak mixing angle. We finally extend our calculation to dressed leptons and compare our results in the massless limit to those available in the literature.

Belgium

Italy

Tommaso Armadillo

Roberto Bonciani

Switzerland

Luca Buonocore

Simone Devoto

Massimiliano Grazzini

Stefan Kallweit

India

Narayan Rana

Alessandro Vicini

Mixed QCD-EW corrections to the neutral-current Drell-Yan process

This paper presents a first measurement of the cross-section for the charged-current Drell-Yan process $\textit{pp}$ → $\textit{W}$ → $\textit{ℓ}$ $\textit{ν}$ above the resonance region, where $\textit{ℓ}$ is an electron or muon. The measurement is performed for transverse masses, $$ {m}_{\textrm{T}}^{\textrm{W}} $$ , between 200 GeV and 5000 GeV, using a sample of 140 fb of $\textit{pp}$ collision data at a centre-of-mass energy of $$ \sqrt{s} $$ = 13 TeV collected by the ATLAS detector at the LHC during 2015–2018. The data are presented single differentially in transverse mass and double differentially in transverse mass and absolute lepton pseudorapidity. A test of lepton flavour universality shows no significant deviations from the Standard Model. The electron and muon channel measurements are combined to achieve a total experimental precision of 3% at low $$ {m}_{\textrm{T}}^{\textrm{W}} $$ . The single- and double differential $\textit{W}$-boson charge asymmetries are evaluated from the measurements. A comparison to next-to-next-to-leading-order perturbative QCD predictions using several recent parton distribution functions and including next-to-leading-order electroweak effects indicates the potential of the data to constrain parton distribution functions. The data are also used to constrain four fermion operators in the Standard Model Effective Field Theory formalism, in particular the lepton-quark operator Wilson coefficient $$ {c}_{\ell q}^{(3)} $$ .

G. Aad

Norway

E. Aakvaag

B. Abbott

United Arab Emirates

S. Abdelhameed

Germany

K. Abeling

N. Abicht

S. Abidi

M. Aboelela

Morocco

A. Aboulhorma

Israel

H. Abramowicz

Y. Abulaiti

United Kingdom

B. Acharya

A. Ackermann

C. Adam Bourdarios

Poland

L. Adamczyk

S. Addepalli

M. Addison

J. Adelman

Türkiye

A. Adiguzel

T. Adye

A. Affolder

Y. Afik

M. Agaras

A. Aggarwal

Romania

C. Agheorghiesei

Azerbaijan

F. Ahmadov

S. Ahuja

China

X. Ai

G. Aielli

A. Aikot

M. Ait Tamlihat

B. Aitbenchikh

M. Akbiyik

Sweden

T. Åkesson

A. Akimov

Japan

D. Akiyama

N. Akolkar

S. Aktas

G. Alberghi

Canada

J. Albert

P. Albicocco

G. Albouy

S. Alderweireldt

Z. Alegria

M. Aleksa

I. Aleksandrov

C. Alexa

Greece

T. Alexopoulos

F. Alfonsi

M. Algren

M. Alhroob

Czechia

B. Ali

Saudi Arabia

H. Ali

S. Ali

S. Alibocus

South Africa

M. Aliev

G. Alimonti

W. Alkakhi

C. Allaire

B. Allbrooke

J. Allen

P. Allport

A. Aloisio

Argentina

F. Alonso

C. Alpigiani

Z. Alsolami

A. Alvarez Fernandez

M. Alves Cardoso

M. Alviggi

M. Aly

Y. Amaral Coutinho

A. Ambler

C. Amelung

M. Amerl

C. Ames

T. Amezza

D. Amidei

B. Amini

K. Amirie

A. Amirkhanov

Portugal

S. Amor Dos Santos

K. Amos

D. Amperiadou

S. An

C. Anastopoulos

T. Andeen

J. Anders

A. Anderson

A. Andreazza

S. Angelidakis

A. Angerami

A. Anisenkov

A. Annovi

C. Antel

E. Antipov

M. Antonelli

F. Anulli

M. Aoki

T. Aoki

Measurement of double-differential charged-current Drell-Yan cross-sections at high transverse masses in $\textit{pp}$ collisions at $$ \sqrt{s} $$ = 13 TeV with the ATLAS detector

Spin correlations between particles produced at colliders provide valuable insights for quantum information studies. While traditional studies of quantum information at colliders are typically limited to massive particles with perturbative decay, we propose an innovative method to explore the Bell inequality in massless quark pair systems by analyzing the azimuthal correlations in <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mrow><msup><mrow><mi>π</mi></mrow><mrow><mo>+</mo></mrow></msup><msup><mrow><mi>π</mi></mrow><mrow><mo>−</mo></mrow></msup></mrow></math> dihadron pair production at lepton colliders. Revisiting the Belle data, we have shown the potential to detect Bell inequality violation of light quarks by introducing an additional angular cut, achieving a significance of <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mrow><mn>2.5</mn><mi>σ</mi></mrow></math> even in the worst-case scenario of 100% correlated systematic uncertainties in each bin. The significance substantially exceeds <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mn>5</mn><mi>σ</mi></math> when considering uncorrelated systematic uncertainties. Our approach opens avenues for exploring spin quantum information with nonperturbative processes as spin analyzer and leverages existing data for quantum information research.

Kun Cheng

Bin Yan

Bell Inequality Violation of Light Quarks in Dihadron Pair Production at Lepton Colliders

The strongest electromagnetic fields in nature are created in high energy nuclear collisions and expected to change the dynamic scattering processes in the early stage. The magnetic field effect on the Drell-Yan process is investigated in this work. The single photon decay into quark pairs and lepton pairs in an external magnetic field leads to a significant Drell-Yan suppression in low and intermediate invariant mass region. The calculation up to the Landau level <math altimg='si1.svg'><mi>n</mi><mo linebreak='goodbreak' linebreakstyle='after'>&#8722;</mo><mn>1</mn></math> is complete in the energy region <math altimg='si2.svg'><mi>s</mi><mo linebreak='goodbreak' linebreakstyle='after'>&lt;</mo><mn>2</mn><mo stretchy='false'>/</mo><mn>3</mn><mi>n</mi><mo stretchy='false'>(</mo><mi>e</mi><mi>B</mi><mo stretchy='false'>)</mo></math>, and the enlarged phase space at higher landau levels may enhance the dilepton spectrum in the high mass region.

Shile Chen

Jiaxing Zhao

Pengfei Zhuang

Suppressed Drell-Yan process by an external magnetic field

Measurements of $$ b\to {c\tau}^{-}{\overline{\nu}}_{\tau } $$ transitions at colliders are highly motivated for testing lepton flavor universality (LFU), a cornerstone hypothesis of the Standard Model (SM). Potential observations of LFU violation could provide significant evidence for physics beyond the SM (BSM). The substantial production of $\textit{b}$-hadrons at the Electron-Ion Collider (EIC) would highlight its potential to support LFU testing and complement studies conducted at other experimental facilities. In this paper, we study the production of $\textit{b}$-hadrons in deep inelastic scattering processes at the EIC with $$ \sqrt{s} $$ = 100 GeV. We estimate the $\textit{b}$-hadron yields at the EIC to reach $$ \mathcal{O}\left({10}^9\right) $$ with an integrated luminosity of up to 10 fb . Furthermore, we perform a systematic study on various $\textit{b}$-hadron decays, exploring the sensitivities of LFU-violating observables, including $\textit{R}$ , $$ {R}_{D_s^{\left(\ast \right)}} $$ and $$ {R}_{\Lambda_c} $$ . Detailed strategies for track-based event reconstruction are investigated for these observables. We also include a discussion of the annihilation process $$ {B}_c^{+}\to {\tau}^{+}{\nu}_{\tau } $$ . Finally, we provide a theoretical interpretation of the projected sensitivities within the framework of low energy effective field theory (LEFT). Our analysis indicates that the EIC has the potential to constrain the relevant Wilson coefficients at $$ \mathcal{O}(0.1) $$ , offering complementary insights to other measurements.

Yong Deng

Xu-Hui Jiang

Tianbo Liu

Testing lepton flavor universality at the Electron-Ion Collider

Charged scalars appear in many motivated extensions beyond the Standard Model. We analyze the constraints on charged scalar pair production via the Drell-Yan process at the Large Hadron Collider and interpret them in terms of weak isospin quantum numbers. Leveraging the experimental limits from existing LHC data and phenomenological recast analyses, we place bounds on the branching ratio of the charged scalar as a function of its mass, electric charge, and isospin. This approach enables us to determine limits on the branching ratios directly from experimental data, without appealing to a specific model. We provide a detailed analysis for singly and doubly charged scalars across various weak isospin scenarios, focusing on decays into leptonic and bosonic final states, and we validate this approach in extended Higgs sectors such as the Higgs triplet model and the Georgi-Machacek model.

Avik Banerjee

Dipankar Das

Samadrita Mukherjee

Shreya Pandey

Drell-Yan constraints on charged scalars: A weak isospin perspective

We perform a global analysis of Drell–Yan production of charged leptons and dineutrinos, the latter in missing energy plus jet events, in proton–proton collisions within the Standard Model Effective Field Theory (SMEFT). The combination allows for the removal of flat directions, sharper limits and to probe more couplings than the individual observables, which we show performing a fit to LHC-data. We also find that limits have only mild dependence on lepton flavor patterns; hierarchies in quark flavors are driven by the parton distribution functions. The strongest constraints are on couplings involving the first and second generation quarks, exceeding 10 TeV. Combining flavor and high- $$p_T$$ data, the limits on electroweak and gluon dipole operators can be improved, by up to a factor of three, highlighting once more that a more global approach increases sensitivities significantly. We also estimate the improvements in reach over existing data for the high-luminosity LHC (HL-LHC) by $$\sim 1.5$$ , and future collider options such as the high-energy LHC (HE-LHC) by $$\sim 3$$ and FCC-hh by $$\sim 8$$ . To maximize the new physics reach kinematic cuts and binning needs to be adjusted to each quark-flavor separately.

Gudrun Hiller

Lara Nollen

Daniel Wendler

Total Drell–Yan in the flavorful SMEFT

We renormalize the soft function entering the factorization and resummation of the $\textit{qg}$ parton-scattering channel of the Drell-Yan process near the kinematic threshold $$ \hat{s} $$ → $\textit{Q}$ at next-to-leading power in the expansion around $\textit{z}$ ≡ $\textit{Q}$ / $$ \hat{s} $$ = 1, and solve its renormalization-group equation.

Martin Beneke

Yao Ji

Erik Sünderhauf

Xing Wang

Renormalization of the next-to-leading-power soft function for the Drell-Yan off-diagonal channel

The forward-backward asymmetry in Drell–Yan production and the effective leptonic electroweak mixing angle are measured in proton-proton collisions at <math altimg='si2.svg'><msqrt><mrow><mi>s</mi></mrow></msqrt><mo linebreak='goodbreak' linebreakstyle='after'>=</mo><mn>13</mn></math> TeV, collected by the CMS experiment and corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 138 <math altimg='si3.svg'><mspace width='0.2em' /><msup><mrow><mtext>fb</mtext></mrow><mrow><mo linebreak='badbreak' linebreakstyle='after'>&#8722;</mo><mn>1</mn></mrow></msup></math>. The measurement uses both dimuon and dielectron events, and is performed as a function of the dilepton mass and rapidity. The unfolded angular coefficient <math altimg='si4.svg'><msub><mrow><mi>A</mi></mrow><mrow><mn>4</mn></mrow></msub></math> is also extracted, as a function of the dilepton mass and rapidity. Using the CT18Z set of parton distribution functions, we obtain <math altimg='si5.svg'><msup><mrow><mi mathvariant='normal'>sin</mi></mrow><mrow><mn>2</mn></mrow></msup><mo>&#8289;</mo><msubsup><mrow><mi>&#952;</mi></mrow><mrow><mtext>eff</mtext></mrow><mrow><mi mathvariant='italic'>&#8467;</mi></mrow></msubsup><mo linebreak='goodbreak' linebreakstyle='after'>=</mo><mn>0.23152</mn><mo>&#177;</mo><mn>0.00031</mn></math>, where the uncertainty includes the experimental and theoretical contributions. The measured value agrees with the standard model fit result to global experimental data. This is the most precise <math altimg='si159.svg'><msup><mrow><mi mathvariant='normal'>sin</mi></mrow><mrow><mn>2</mn></mrow></msup><mo>&#8289;</mo><msubsup><mrow><mi>&#952;</mi></mrow><mrow><mtext>eff</mtext></mrow><mrow><mi mathvariant='italic'>&#8467;</mi></mrow></msubsup></math> measurement at a hadron collider, with a precision comparable to the results obtained at LEP and SLD.

Armenia

A. Hayrapetyan

A. Tumasyan

W. Adam

J.W. Andrejkovic

T. Bergauer

S. Chatterjee

K. Damanakis

M. Dragicevic

P.S. Hussain

M. Jeitler

N. Krammer

A. Li

D. Liko

I. Mikulec

J. Schieck

R. Schöfbeck

D. Schwarz

M. Sonawane

W. Waltenberger

C.E. Wulz

Measurement of the Drell–Yan forward-backward asymmetry and of the effective leptonic weak mixing angle in proton-proton collisions at <math altimg='si1.svg'><msqrt><mrow><mi>s</mi></mrow></msqrt><mo linebreak='goodbreak' linebreakstyle='after'>=</mo><mn>13</mn><mrow><mspace width='0.20em' /><mtext>TeV</mtext></mrow></math>