We discuss the dynamics of interacting viscous model with time-varying cosmological constant, Λ( <italic>t</italic>), which is a natural generalization of the standard Lambda-Cold-Dark matter (&#923;CDM) model in Friedmann-Lema&#238;tre-Robertson-Walker (FLRW) spacetime. The &#923;( <italic>t</italic>) is motivated by different cosmological approaches. Recent investigations involving the renormalization of quantum field theory (QFT) in curved spacetime yield a time-varying &#923;, so-called running vacuum model (RVM) in which it acquires a dynamical component through quantum effects. We discuss both the background and perturbation equations for viscous RVM using a more generalized parametrization form of vacuum density. We employ the cosmic data, namely distant Type Ia Supernovae (Pantheon+), Baryonic Acoustic Oscillations DESI, Cosmic Chronometers and growth data. We anchor &#923;CDM and viscous RVM on two Hubble constant priors of Planck2018 and SH0ES R22 that reflect the Hubble tension. Using these data samples we assess the viability and compare viscous RVM with the standard &#923;CDM model. The Gelman-Rubin statistic (or R-hat statistic) is used to assess the convergence of Markov Chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) simulations. We also discuss the stability of viscous RVM using information criterion such as AIC, BIC and DIC. The constraints on parameters show that the viscous RVM is consistent with the standard &#923;CDM model and alleviates the Hubble tension up to 0.569 <italic>&#963;</italic>.

India

Vinita Khatri

C.P. Singh

Interacting model of bulk viscous and decaying vacuum energy

Recent measurements of <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mi>J</mi><mo>/</mo><mi>ψ</mi></math> production as a function of event charged-particle multiplicity at the collision energies of both the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) and the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider (RHIC) show enhanced <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mi>J</mi><mo>/</mo><mi>ψ</mi></math> production yields with increasing multiplicity. One potential explanation for this type of dependence is multiparton interactions (MPI). We present the first study of potential autocorrelations at RHIC energies and forward and backward rapidity of self-normalized <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mi>J</mi><mo>/</mo><mi>ψ</mi></math> yields and <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mi>ψ</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mn>2</mn><mi>S</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></math> to <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mi>J</mi><mo>/</mo><mi>ψ</mi></math> ratio, as a function of self-normalized multiplicity in <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mi>p</mi><mo>+</mo><mi>p</mi></math> collisions. In addition, detailed pythia studies tuned to RHIC energies were performed to investigate the MPI impacts. We find that the PHENIX data at RHIC are consistent with recent LHC measurements and can only be described by pythia calculations that include MPI effects. The forward and backward <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mi>ψ</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mn>2</mn><mi>S</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></math> to <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mi>J</mi><mo>/</mo><mi>ψ</mi></math> ratio is found to be less dependent on the charged-particle multiplicity.

Hungary

N.J. Abdulameer

United States

U. Acharya

C. Aidala

Japan

Y. Akiba

M. Alfred

V. Andrieux

Russia

S. Antsupov

N. Apadula

H. Asano

B. Azmoun

V. Babintsev

N.S. Bandara

E. Bannikov

K.N. Barish

S. Bathe

A. Bazilevsky

M. Beaumier

R. Belmont

A. Berdnikov

Y. Berdnikov

L. Bichon

B. Blankenship

D.S. Blau

J.S. Bok

V. Borisov

M.L. Brooks

J. Bryslawskyj

V. Bumazhnov

S. Campbell

R. Cervantes

D. Chen

M. Chiu

C.Y. Chi

I.J. Choi

South Korea

J.B. Choi

Israel

Z. Citron

M. Connors

R. Corliss

N. Cronin

M. Csanád

T. Csörgő

T.W. Danley

M.S. Daugherity

G. David

K. DeBlasio

K. Dehmelt

A. Denisov

A. Deshpande

E.J. Desmond

A. Dion

D. Dixit

V. Doomra

J.H. Do

A. Drees

K.A. Drees

J.M. Durham

A. Durum

H. En’yo

A. Enokizono

R. Esha

B. Fadem

W. Fan

N. Feege

D.E. Fields

Czechia

M. Finger

D. Firak

D. Fitzgerald

S.L. Fokin

J.E. Frantz

A. Franz

A.D. Frawley

Y. Fukuda

P. Gallus

C. Gal

P. Garg

H. Ge

F. Giordano

Y. Goto

N. Grau

S.V. Greene

M. Grosse Perdekamp

T. Gunji

T. Guo

H. Guragain

T. Hachiya

J.S. Haggerty

K.I. Hahn

H. Hamagaki

H.F. Hamilton

J. Hanks

S.Y. Han

S. Hasegawa

T.O.S. Haseler

T.K. Hemmick

X. He

J.C. Hill

K. Hill

A. Hodges

R.S. Hollis

Multiplicity dependent <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mi>J</mi><mo>/</mo><mi>ψ</mi></math> and <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mi>ψ</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mn>2</mn><mi>S</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></math> production at forward and backward rapidity in <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mi>p</mi><mo>+</mo><mi>p</mi></math> collisions at <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><msqrt><mi>s</mi></msqrt><mo>=</mo><mn>200</mn><mtext> </mtext><mtext> </mtext><mi>GeV</mi></math>

The jet cross section and jet-substructure observables in <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mi>p</mi><mo>+</mo><mi>p</mi></math> collisions at <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><msqrt><mi>s</mi></msqrt><mo>=</mo><mn>200</mn><mtext> </mtext><mtext> </mtext><mi>GeV</mi></math> were measured by the PHENIX Collaboration at the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider (RHIC). Jets are reconstructed from charged-particle tracks and electromagnetic-calorimeter clusters using the anti-<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><msub><mi>k</mi><mi>t</mi></msub></math> algorithm with a jet radius of <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mi>R</mi><mo>=</mo><mn>0.3</mn></math> for jets with transverse momentum within <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mn>8.0</mn><mo>&lt;</mo><msub><mi>p</mi><mi>T</mi></msub><mo>&lt;</mo><mn>40.0</mn><mtext> </mtext><mtext> </mtext><mi>GeV</mi><mo>/</mo><mi>c</mi></math> and pseudorapidity <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mo stretchy="false">|</mo><mi>η</mi><mo stretchy="false">|</mo><mo>&lt;</mo><mn>0.15</mn></math>. Measurements include the jet cross section, as well as distributions of SoftDrop-groomed momentum fraction (<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><msub><mi>z</mi><mi>g</mi></msub></math>), charged-particle transverse momentum with respect to jet axis (<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><msub><mi>j</mi><mi>T</mi></msub></math>), and radial distributions of charged particles within jets (<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mi>r</mi></math>). Also measured was the distribution of <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mi>ξ</mi><mo>=</mo><mo>−</mo><mi>ln</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>z</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></math>, where <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mi>z</mi></math> is the fraction of the jet momentum carried by the charged particle. The measurements are compared to theoretical next-to and next-to-next-to-leading-order calculations, the pythia and herwig event generators, and to other existing experimental results. Indicated from these measurements is a lower particle multiplicity in jets at RHIC energies when compared to models. Also noted are implications for future jet measurements with sPHENIX at RHIC as well as at the future Electron-Ion Collider.

N.N. Ajitanand

R. Akimoto

J. Alexander

K. Aoki

E.T. Atomssa

T.C. Awes

M. Bai

China

X. Bai

B. Bannier

V. Baublis

C. Baumann

S. Baumgart

D. Black

K. Boyle

H. Buesching

S. Butsyk

C.H. Chen

S. Choi

Sweden

P. Christiansen

T. Chujo

V. Cianciolo

B.A. Cole

N. Crossette

L. D’Orazio

A. Datta

L. Ding

France

O. Drapier

T. Engelmore

K.O. Eyser

F. Fleuret

Measurement of inclusive jet cross section and substructure in <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mi>p</mi><mo>+</mo><mi>p</mi></math> collisions at <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><msqrt><mi>s</mi></msqrt><mo>=</mo><mn>200</mn><mtext> </mtext><mtext> </mtext><mi>GeV</mi></math>

There is strong evidence for the formation of small droplets of quark-gluon plasma in <math><mrow><mi>p</mi><mo>/</mo><mi>d</mi><mo>/</mo><mmultiscripts><mi>He</mi><mprescripts></mprescripts><none></none><mn>3</mn></mmultiscripts><mo>+</mo><mi>Au</mi></mrow></math> collisions at the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider (RHIC) and in <math><mrow><mi>p</mi><mo>+</mo><mi>p</mi><mo>/</mo><mi>Pb</mi></mrow></math> collisions at the Large Hadron Collider. In particular, the analysis of data at RHIC for different geometries obtained by varying the projectile size and shape has proved insightful. In the present analysis, we find excellent agreement with the previously published PHENIX at RHIC results on elliptical and triangular flow with an independent analysis via the two-particle correlation method, which has quite different systematic uncertainties and an independent code base. In addition, the results are extended to other detector combinations with different kinematic (pseudorapidity) coverage. These results provide additional constraints on contributions from nonflow and longitudinal decorrelations.

U.A. Acharya

A. Adare

C. Ayuso

S. Beckman

M. Boer

C. Butler

V. Canoa Roman

L.D. Liu

P.B. Diss

M. Dumancic

T. Elder

H. En'yo

S. Esumi

M. Giles

A. Glenn

Kinematic dependence of azimuthal anisotropies in <math><mrow><mi>p</mi><mo>+</mo><mi>Au</mi><mo>,</mo></mrow></math> <math><mrow><mi>d</mi><mo>+</mo><mi>Au</mi><mo>,</mo></mrow></math> and <math><mrow><mmultiscripts><mi>He</mi><mprescripts></mprescripts><none></none><mn>3</mn></mmultiscripts><mo>+</mo><mi>Au</mi></mrow></math> at <math><mrow><msqrt><msub><mi>s</mi><mrow><mi>N</mi><mi>N</mi></mrow></msub></msqrt><mo>=</mo><mn>200</mn><mspace width="4pt"></mspace><mi>GeV</mi></mrow></math>

The PHENIX experiment at the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider measured <math><msup><mi>π</mi><mn>0</mn></msup></math> and <math><mi>η</mi></math> mesons at midrapidity in <math><mrow><mi>U</mi><mo>+</mo><mi>U</mi></mrow></math> collisions at <math><mrow><msqrt><msub><mi>s</mi><msub><mrow></mrow><mrow><mi>N</mi><mi>N</mi></mrow></msub></msub></msqrt><mo>=</mo><mn>192</mn></mrow></math> GeV in a wide transverse momentum range. Measurements were performed in the <math><mrow><msup><mi>π</mi><mn>0</mn></msup><mrow><mo>(</mo><mi>η</mi><mo>)</mo></mrow><mo>→</mo><mi>γ</mi><mi>γ</mi></mrow></math> decay modes. A strong suppression of <math><msup><mi>π</mi><mn>0</mn></msup></math> and <math><mi>η</mi></math> meson production at high transverse momentum was observed in central <math><mrow><mi>U</mi><mo>+</mo><mi>U</mi></mrow></math> collisions relative to binary scaled <math><mrow><mi>p</mi><mo>+</mo><mi>p</mi></mrow></math> results. Yields of <math><msup><mi>π</mi><mn>0</mn></msup></math> and <math><mi>η</mi></math> mesons measured in <math><mrow><mi>U</mi><mo>+</mo><mi>U</mi></mrow></math> collisions show similar suppression pattern to those measured in <math><mrow><mi>Au</mi><mo>+</mo><mi>Au</mi></mrow></math> collisions at <math><mrow><msqrt><msub><mi>s</mi><msub><mrow></mrow><mrow><mi>N</mi><mi>N</mi></mrow></msub></msub></msqrt><mo>=</mo><mn>200</mn></mrow></math> GeV for similar numbers of participant nucleons. The <math><mrow><mi>η</mi><mo>/</mo><msup><mi>π</mi><mn>0</mn></msup></mrow></math> ratios do not show dependence on centrality or transverse momentum and are consistent with previously measured values in hadron-hadron, hadron-nucleus, nucleus-nucleus, and <math><mrow><msup><mi>e</mi><mo>+</mo></msup><msup><mi>e</mi><mo>−</mo></msup></mrow></math> collisions.

L. D'Orazio

Y. Fukao

T. Fusayasu

K. Gainey

A. Garishvili

I. Garishvili

X. Gong

M. Gonin

Production of <math><msup><mi>π</mi><mn>0</mn></msup></math> and <math><mi>η</mi></math> mesons in U+U collisions at <math><mrow><msqrt><msub><mi>s</mi><mrow><mi>N</mi><mi>N</mi></mrow></msub></msqrt><mo>=</mo><mn>192</mn></mrow></math> GeV

We present direct photon-hadron correlations in 200 GeV/<math><mi>A</mi></math> <math><mrow><mi>Au</mi><mo>+</mo><mi>Au</mi></mrow></math>, <math><mrow><mi>d</mi><mo>+</mo><mi>Au</mi></mrow></math>, and <math><mrow><mi>p</mi><mo>+</mo><mi>p</mi></mrow></math> collisions, for direct photon <math><msub><mi>p</mi><mi>T</mi></msub></math> from 5–12 <math><mrow><mi>GeV</mi><mo>/</mo><mi>c</mi></mrow></math>, collected by the PHENIX Collaboration in the years from 2006 to 2011. We observe no significant modification of jet fragmentation in <math><mrow><mi>d</mi><mo>+</mo><mi>Au</mi></mrow></math> collisions, indicating that cold nuclear matter effects are small or absent. Hadrons carrying a large fraction of the quark's momentum are suppressed in <math><mrow><mi>Au</mi><mo>+</mo><mi>Au</mi></mrow></math> compared to <math><mrow><mi>p</mi><mo>+</mo><mi>p</mi></mrow></math> and <math><mrow><mi>d</mi><mo>+</mo><mi>Au</mi></mrow></math>. As the momentum fraction decreases, the yield of hadrons in <math><mrow><mi>Au</mi><mo>+</mo><mi>Au</mi></mrow></math> increases to an excess over the yield in <math><mrow><mi>p</mi><mo>+</mo><mi>p</mi></mrow></math> collisions. The excess is at large angles and at low hadron <math><msub><mi>p</mi><mi>T</mi></msub></math> and is most pronounced for hadrons associated with lower momentum direct photons. Comparison to theoretical calculations suggests that the hadron excess arises from medium response to energy deposited by jets.

JINR

S. Afanasiev

H. Al-Bataineh

H. Al-Ta'ani

A. Angerami

Y. Aramaki

E.C. Aschenauer

R. Averbeck

G. Baksay

L. Baksay

B. Bassalleck

A.T. Basye

Germany

S. Belikov

R. Bennett

J.H. Bhom

A.A. Bickley

G. Bunce

C.M. Camacho

A. Caringi

P. Castera

R.K. Choudhury

P. Chung

O. Chvala

Z. Conesa del Valle

Measurement of jet-medium interactions via direct photon-hadron correlations in <math><mrow><mi>Au</mi><mo>+</mo><mi>Au</mi></mrow></math> and <math><mrow><mi>d</mi><mo>+</mo><mi>Au</mi></mrow></math> collisions at <math><mrow><msqrt><msub><mi>s</mi><mrow><mi>N</mi><mi>N</mi></mrow></msub></msqrt><mo>=</mo><mn>200</mn></mrow></math> GeV