We study the new $Z'$ boson as a portal for the production of Higgs bosons $h_0$ and $H_0$ predicted by the Bestest Little Higgs Model through Higgs-strahlung processes $\mu^+\mu^- \to (Z, Z') \to Zh_0, ZH_0$ . We focus on the resonant and nonresonant effects of the $Zh_0, ZH_0$ signals. In our analysis, we consider the center-of-mass energies of $\sqrt{s}=3, 4, 6, 10, 30$ TeV and integrated luminosities of ${\cal{L}}=2, 4, 6, 10, 30$ ${ {\rm{ab}}^{-1}}$ projected for a future muon collider. The possibility of performing precision measurements for Higgs bosons $h_0$ and $H_0$ is very promising for the future muon collider. Furthermore, our results may be useful to the High Energy Physics community. Complementarily, we generate and provide the Feynman rules necessary for studying processes $\mu^+\mu^- \to (Z, Z') \to Zh_0, ZH_0$ .

J.M. Martínez-Martínez

A. Gutiérrez-Rodríguez

E. Cruz-Albaro

M.A. Hernández-Ruíz

New $\textit{Z}$' boson of the bestest little Higgs model as a portal to signatures of Higgs bosons $\textit{h}$ $_{0}$ and $\textit{H}$ $_{0}$ at the future muon collider

In spacetime dimensions of 4 (i.e., 3+1) and higher, topological orders exhibit spatially extended excitations like loops and membranes, which support diverse topological data characterizing braiding, fusion, and shrinking processes, despite the absence of anyons. Our understanding of these topological data remains less mature compared to 3D, where anyons have been extensively studied and can be fully described through diagrammatic representations. Inspired by recent advancements in field theory descriptions of higher-dimensional topological orders, this paper systematically constructs diagrammatic representations for 4D and 5D topological orders described by $\textit{BF}$ theory, generalizable to higher dimensions. We introduce elementary diagrams for fusion and shrinking processes, treating them as vectors in fusion and shrinking spaces, respectively, and build complex diagrams by combining these elementary diagrams. Within these vector spaces, we design unitary operations represented by $\textit{F}$-, ∆-, and ∆ -symbols to transform between different bases. We discover $\textit{pentagon equations}$ and $\textit{(hierarchical) shrinking-fusion hexagon equations}$ that impose constraints on the legitimate forms of these unitary operations. We conjecture that the diagrammatic representations we construct apply to all anomaly-free higher-dimensional topological orders, which must satisfy these conditions and any violations indicate a quantum anomaly. This work opens promising avenues for future research, including the exploration of diagrammatic representations involving braiding and the study of non-invertible symmetries and symmetry topological field theories in higher spacetime dimensions.

China

Yizhou Huang

Germany

Zhi-Feng Zhang

Peng Ye

Diagrammatics, pentagon equations, and hexagon equations of topological orders with loop- and membrane-like excitations

We analyze the effect of a variation of the strange nucleon matrix element $$ \left\langle N|{m}_s\overline{s}s|N\right\rangle $$ on the abundances of the light elements produced in the Big Bang. For that, we vary the nucleon mass in the leading eight reactions that involve neutrons, protons and the four lightest nuclei. We use various available Big Bang nucleosynthesis codes and find that the measured deuterium and He abundances set strict limits on the nucleon mass variations. This translates into an upper bound of possible variations of the strange quark mass, |∆$\textit{m}$ /$\textit{m}$ | ≤ 5.1%.

Ulf-G. Meißner

Bernard Metsch

Helen Meyer

Bounds on variations of the strange quark mass from Big Bang nucleosynthesis

We invoke probe brane arguments to classify the asymptotic behavior of general five-dimensional supergravity theories with eight supercharges near infinite distance boundaries of the vector multiplet moduli space. Imposing consistency of supergravity strings we derive several constraints on the Chern-Simons couplings entering the prepotential, including their non-negativity. This establishes a classification of infinite distance limits analogous to those for theories obtained as Calabi-Yau compactifications, but without having to assume a geometric or string theoretic origin. All infinite distance limits are found to be either vector or tensor limits, depending on the nature of the gauge potential becoming weakly coupled at the fastest rate. In particular, we prove uniqueness results for the asymptotically leading gauge fields. The asymptotic physics along these limits is in perfect agreement with the predictions of the Emergent String Conjecture and hence serves as bottom-up evidence for the latter. Our findings imply that every consistent five-dimensional $$\mathcal{N}$$ = 1 supergravity with a non-compact vector multiplet moduli space either descends from six dimensions or contains a stringy subsector.

Lukas Kaufmann

Stefano Lanza

Timo Weigand

Asymptotics of 5d supergravity theories and the emergent string conjecture

The <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mi>X</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mn>3872</mn><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></math>, as the first and the most crucial member in the exotic charmoniumlike <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mi>X</mi><mi>Y</mi><mi>Z</mi></math> family, has been studied for a long time. However, its dynamical origin, whether stemming from a <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mi>D</mi><msup><mover accent="true"><mi>D</mi><mo stretchy="false">¯</mo></mover><mo>*</mo></msup></math> hadronic molecule or the first excited <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mi>P</mi></math>-wave charmonium <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><msub><mi>χ</mi><mrow><mi>c</mi><mn>1</mn></mrow></msub><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mn>2</mn><mi>P</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></math>, remains controversial. In this Letter, we demonstrate that the <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mi>X</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mn>3872</mn><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></math> definitely does not result from the mass shift of the higher bare <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><msub><mi>χ</mi><mrow><mi>c</mi><mn>1</mn></mrow></msub><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mn>2</mn><mi>P</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></math> resonance pole in the coupled-channel dynamics involving a short-distance <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mi>c</mi><mover accent="true"><mi>c</mi><mo stretchy="false">¯</mo></mover></math> core and the long-distance <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mi>D</mi><msup><mover accent="true"><mi>D</mi><mo stretchy="false">¯</mo></mover><mo>*</mo></msup></math> channels. Instead, it originates from either the <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mi>D</mi><msup><mover accent="true"><mi>D</mi><mo stretchy="false">¯</mo></mover><mo>*</mo></msup></math> molecular pole or the shadow pole associated with the antiresonance of the <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mi>P</mi></math>-wave charmonium, depending on the weak or strong coupling mode, respectively. To differentiate these origins and fully exploit the nature of <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mi>X</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mn>3872</mn><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></math>, we conduct a comprehensive analysis in a couple-channel dynamics framework, including the isospin violation, the three-body <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mi>D</mi><mover accent="true"><mi>D</mi><mo stretchy="false">¯</mo></mover><mi>π</mi></math> effect, the dynamical width of <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><msup><mi>D</mi><mo>*</mo></msup></math>, and nonopen-charm decays of the bare <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><msub><mi>χ</mi><mrow><mi>c</mi><mn>1</mn></mrow></msub><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mn>2</mn><mi>P</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></math>. Our findings highlight the pivotal role of the coupled-channel dynamics in explaining the disparity between the pole widths of <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mi>X</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mn>3872</mn><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></math> and <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><msubsup><mi>T</mi><mrow><mi>c</mi><mi>c</mi></mrow><mo>+</mo></msubsup></math>, while also predicting a new resonance with <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><msup><mi>J</mi><mrow><mi>P</mi><mi>C</mi></mrow></msup><mo>=</mo><msup><mn>1</mn><mrow><mo>+</mo><mo>+</mo></mrow></msup></math> around 4.0 GeV. By matching the newly observed <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><msub><mi>χ</mi><mrow><mi>c</mi><mn>1</mn></mrow></msub><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mn>4010</mn><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></math> by the LHCb Collaboration to our predicted resonance, we conclude that the <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mi>X</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mn>3872</mn><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></math> most likely originates from the <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mi>D</mi><msup><mover accent="true"><mi>D</mi><mo stretchy="false">¯</mo></mover><mo>*</mo></msup></math> pole with a confidence level exceeding 99.7%.

Jun-Zhang Wang

Zi-Yang Lin

Yan-Ke Chen

Lu Meng

Shi-Lin Zhu

Uncovering the mystery of <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mi>X</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mn>3872</mn><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></math> with the coupled-channel dynamics

We present a novel way to probe inelastic dark matter using cosmic-ray (CR) cooling in active galactic nuclei (AGNs). Dark matter (DM) in the vicinity of supermassive black holes may scatter off CRs, resulting in the rapid cooling of CRs for sufficiently large cross sections. This in turn can alter the high-energy neutrino and gamma-ray fluxes detected from these sources. We show that AGN cooling bounds obtained through the multimessenger data of NGC 1068 and TXS <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mrow><mn>0506</mn><mo>+</mo><mn>056</mn></mrow></math> allows us to reach unprecedently large mass splittings for inelastic DM (<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mo>≳</mo><mi>TeV</mi></math>), orders of magnitude larger than those probed by direct detection experiments and DM capture in neutron stars. Furthermore, we demonstrate that cooling bounds from AGNs can probe thermal light DM with small mass splittings. This provides novel and complementary constraints in parts of a parameter space accessible solely by colliders and beam-dump experiments.

United States

Japan

R. Andrew Gustafson

Gonzalo Herrera

Mainak Mukhopadhyay

Kohta Murase

Ian M. Shoemaker

Cosmic-ray cooling in active galactic nuclei as a new probe of inelastic dark matter

We study the impact of the non-holomorphic (NH) soft supersymmetry-breaking terms <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mrow><msubsup><mrow><mi>T</mi></mrow><mrow><mn>33</mn></mrow><mrow><mo>′</mo><mi>D</mi></mrow></msubsup></mrow></math> and <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><msup><mi>μ</mi><mo>′</mo></msup></math>, which introduce additional supersymmetry-breaking effects beyond the holomorphic structure of the superpotential, on the Higgs boson mass spectrum in the NH Minimal Supersymmetric Standard Model. The term <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><msubsup><mi>T</mi><mn>33</mn><mrow><mo>′</mo><mi>D</mi></mrow></msubsup></math> modifies the scalar bottom-quark mass matrix and Higgs couplings, while <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><msup><mi>μ</mi><mo>′</mo></msup></math> affects the mass matrices of charginos and neutralinos. In our analysis, we incorporate constraints from charge- and color-breaking minima where we find that a portion of the parameter space is excluded by these constraints. Focusing on the allowed parameter space, the NH contributions to the light <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mrow><mi mathvariant="script">C</mi><mi mathvariant="script">P</mi></mrow></math>-even Higgs boson mass <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><msub><mi>M</mi><mi>h</mi></msub></math> from <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><msup><mi>μ</mi><mo>′</mo></msup></math> and <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><msubsup><mi>T</mi><mn>33</mn><mrow><mo>′</mo><mi>D</mi></mrow></msubsup></math> can reach up to 1.4 GeV and 90 MeV, respectively. For the heavy <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mrow><mi mathvariant="script">C</mi><mi mathvariant="script">P</mi></mrow></math>-even Higgs boson mass <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><msub><mi>M</mi><mi>H</mi></msub></math> and the charged Higgs boson mass <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><msub><mi>M</mi><msup><mi>H</mi><mo>±</mo></msup></msub></math>, these contributions can be substantially larger in certain regions of the parameter space, reaching up to 44 GeV for <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><msub><mi>M</mi><mi>H</mi></msub></math> and 42 GeV for <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><msub><mi>M</mi><msup><mi>H</mi><mo>±</mo></msup></msub></math> due to <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><msup><mi>μ</mi><mo>′</mo></msup></math> and up to 60 GeV due to <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><msubsup><mi>T</mi><mn>33</mn><mrow><mo>′</mo><mi>D</mi></mrow></msubsup></math> for both <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><msub><mi>M</mi><mi>H</mi></msub></math> and <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><msub><mi>M</mi><msup><mi>H</mi><mo>±</mo></msup></msub></math>. These corrections are significantly larger than the expected future experimental precision for Higgs boson masses and should therefore be considered in precision analyses for future experiments.

Pakistan

M. Rehman

Spain

S. Heinemeyer

Toward a refined understanding of nonholomorphic soft SUSY-breaking effects on the Higgs boson mass spectra

We propose the possibility of using the near detector at reactor neutrino experiments to probe the renormalization group (RG) running effect on the leptonic Dirac <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mi>C</mi><mi>P</mi></math> phase <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><msub><mi>δ</mi><mi>D</mi></msub></math>. Although the reactor neutrino oscillation cannot directly measure <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><msub><mi>δ</mi><mi>D</mi></msub></math>, it can probe the deviation <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mi mathvariant="normal">Δ</mi><mi>δ</mi><mo>≡</mo><msub><mi>δ</mi><mi>D</mi></msub><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><msubsup><mi>Q</mi><mi>d</mi><mn>2</mn></msubsup><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo>−</mo><msub><mi>δ</mi><mi>D</mi></msub><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><msubsup><mi>Q</mi><mi>p</mi><mn>2</mn></msubsup><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></math> caused by the RG running. Being a key element, the mismatched momentum transfers at neutrino production (<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><msubsup><mi>Q</mi><mi>p</mi><mn>2</mn></msubsup></math>) and detection (<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><msubsup><mi>Q</mi><mi>d</mi><mn>2</mn></msubsup></math>) processes can differ by two orders. We illustrate this concept with the upcoming Taishan Antineutrino Observatory (TAO, also known as JUNO-TAO) experiment and obtain the projected sensitivity to the <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mi>C</mi><mi>P</mi></math> RG running beta function <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><msub><mi>β</mi><mi>δ</mi></msub></math>.

Shao-Feng Ge

Chui-Fan Kong

Brazil

Pedro Pasquini

Testing the RG running of the leptonic Dirac <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mi>C</mi><mi>P</mi></math> phase with reactor neutrinos

Obtaining the classification of three-dimensional (3D) <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mi mathvariant="script">N</mi><mo>=</mo><mn>4</mn></math> quivers whose Coulomb branches have an isolated singularity is an essential step in understanding moduli spaces of vacua of supersymmetric field theories with eight supercharges in any dimension. In this work, we derive a full classification for such Abelian quivers with arbitrary charges and identify all possible Coulomb branch geometries as quotients of <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><msup><mi mathvariant="double-struck">H</mi><mi>n</mi></msup></math> by U(1) or a finite cyclic group. We give two proofs, one which uses the “decay and fission” algorithm and another one relying only on explicit computations involving 3D mirror symmetry. In the process, we put forward a method for computing the 3D mirror of any <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mi mathvariant="normal">U</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mn>1</mn><msup><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mi>r</mi></msup></math> gauge theory, which is sensitive to discrete gauge factors in the mirror theory. This constitutes a confirmation for the decay and fission algorithm.

France

Antoine Bourget

Quentin Lamouret

Austria

Sinan Moura Soysüren

Marcus Sperling

Classification of minimal Abelian Coulomb branches

We study the confining and deconfining phases of pure SU(3) lattice gauge theory with topological data analysis. This provides unique insights into long range correlations of field configurations across the confinement-deconfinement transition. Specifically, we analyze nontrivial structures in electric and magnetic field energy densities as well as Polyakov loop traces and a Polyakov loop-based variant of the topological density. The Betti curves for filtrations based on the electric and magnetic field energy densities reveal signals of electromagnetic dualities. These dualities can be associated with an interchange in the roles of local lumps of electric and magnetic energy densities around the phase transition. Moreover, we show that plaquette susceptibilities can manifest in the geometric features captured by the Betti curves. We also compare these findings against earlier results for SU(2) and elaborate on the significant differences. Our results demonstrate that topological data analysis can identify clear differences between phase transitions of first and second order for non-Abelian lattice gauge theories and provides unprecedented insights into the relevant structures in their vicinity.

Daniel Spitz

Julian M. Urban

Jan M. Pawlowski

Topological data analysis of the deconfinement transition in SU(3) lattice gauge theory