In this work, we investigate the production and decay of molecular states with quark content $cc\bar c\bar q$ and $J^P=1^+$ using a phenomenological analysis and an effective Lagrangian approach. Based on an $\textit{SU}$(3) flavor-symmetry analysis to identify golden channels, we further explore the dynamics of these processes under the molecular assumptions of ${\eta_c D^*}$ and ${J/\psi D^*}$ . Our results indicate that the production branching ratio in $B_c$ decays is sizable: it can be of order $10^{-4}$ for the molecular configuration ${{\eta}_cD^*}$ and $10^{-5}$ for the molecule ${J/\psi D^*}$ . In addition, we find that the decay widths of the two molecular configurations ${{\eta}_cD^*}$ and ${J/\psi D^*}$ are not significant, at the level of ${\cal{O}}$ ( $\text{MeV}$ ).

China

Na Li

Ye Xing

Jing-Rui Shi

Analysis of molecular state $\textit{η$_{c}$D}$ $^{*}$ and $\textit{J}$/$\textit{ψD}$ $^{*}$ in the effective Lagrangian approach * Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (NSFC) (12005294)

We report stronger evidence for the $X(7200)$ state and markedly improved measurements of the $X(6900)$ resonance parameters based on a combined analysis of the di- $J/\psi$ mass spectrum using published data from LHCb, ATLAS, and CMS. Through simultaneous fits to the datasets from all three experiments, we observe the $X(6900)$ with overwhelming significance ( $ \gt 12\sigma$ ) and determine its mass and width with improved precision. For the $X(7200)$ , we find consistent signals across multiple interference models, with significances ranging from $3.7\sigma$ to $6.6\sigma$ ; in the best-fit model (the CMS three-resonance scheme), the significance reaches $6.6\sigma$ , providing substantially stronger evidence for this state. Our results underscore the essential role of interference effects in fully charmed tetraquark spectroscopy and offer new constraints on their production mechanisms at the LHC.

Yuan Wang

Ran Li

Bin Zhong

Ya-Qian Wang

Enhanced evidence of $\textit{X}$(7200) and improved measurements of $\textit{X}$(6900) parameters from a combined LHCb-ATLAS-CMS analysis * Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (NSFC) (12475077)

The Kerr/CFT correspondence establishes a correspondence between extremal black holes in higher dimensions and a chiral conformal field theory (CFT) in their near-horizon limit. A generalization of this framework, known as the EVH/CFT correspondence, has been developed for four- and five-dimensional AdS black holes. It was further proposed in [ ${\rm{AdS}}_{D=6,7}$ black holes, a generalized duality between $(D-2)$ -dimensional geometry and $(D-3)$ -dimensional field theory may emerge in a suitably defined extremal vanishing horizon (EVH) limit. In this work, we show that, in the EVH limit, the near-EVH geometries of these ${\rm{AdS}}_{D=6,7}$ black holes reduce to lower-dimensional black holes whose metrics are conformally related to solutions of Einstein-Maxwell-Maxwell-dilaton (EMMD) gravity. This structural resemblance suggests a potential route toward the microscopic counting of non-AdS black hole entropy via higher-dimensional AdS/CFT techniques.

Weichao Bu

Yang Lei

Probing decoupled throats of AdS $\textit{D}$ black holes in $\textit{D}$ = 6, 7 * Supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China (NSFC) (2305081), the Priority Academic Program Development of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions (PAPD), and the NSFC-Royal Society International Collaboration (W2421035)

We study the two- and three-body decays of the $$I=0$$ $$D_1K$$ and $$D_2K$$ molecular states $$T_{c\bar{s}1}^*$$ and $$T_{c\bar{s}2}^*$$ into $$D_s^{(*)}$$ mesons and pions. Triangle singularities produce narrow peaks in the $$D_s^*\pi $$ and $$D_s\pi $$ invariant mass spectra near the $$D^*K$$ and $\textit{DK}$ thresholds. The isospin-violating two-body decays $$T_{c\bar{s}1}^*\rightarrow D_{s1}(2460)\pi ^0$$ , $$T_{c\bar{s}2}^*\rightarrow D_{s1}(2460)\pi ^0$$ , and $$T_{c\bar{s}2}^*\rightarrow D_{s0}^*(2317)\pi ^0$$ exhibit large partial widths, reflecting the strong couplings inherent to molecular states. These predictions, obtained within heavy hadron chiral perturbation theory and the chiral unitary approach, provide complementary signatures for identifying $$D_1K$$ and $$D_2K$$ molecules at experiments.

Xing-Meng Zhao

Liu-Lin Wang

Ying-Bo He

Xiao-Yun Wang

Xiao-Hai Liu

Probing the nature of $$D_1 K$$ and $$D_2 K$$ molecules through $$D_s^{(*)}\pi \pi $$ and $$D_{s0(s1)}\pi $$ decays

We investigate the propagation of gravitational waves in the presence of Lorentz- and diffeomorphism-violating operators within the linearized gravitational sector of the Standard Model Extension. Focusing on isotropic contributions, we analyze the combined effects of the CPT-even dimension-four coefficient $$\mathring{k}^{(4)}_{(I)}$$ and the CPT-odd dimension-five coefficient $$\mathring{k}^{(5)}_{(V)}$$ on tensorial gravitational radiation. The modified dispersion relation induces both a rescaling of the propagation speed and helicity-dependent corrections, leading to birefringence and polarization mixing without introducing additional propagating degrees of freedom. We derive the retarded Green function associated with the modified wave operator and obtain explicit expressions for the gravitational waveform generated by matter sources. As an application, we examine a binary black hole system and show how Lorentz violation alters the observed strain through shifted retarded times, amplitude rescaling, and higher derivative corrections to the quadrupole formula. Using GW170817/GRB 170817A, published GWTC-3 propagation tests, and conservative polarization consistency arguments, we translate existing observational constraints into bounds on $$\mathring{k}^{(4)}_{(I)}$$ and $$\mathring{k}^{(5)}_{(V)}$$ .

Brazil

Azerbaijan

A. Araújo Filho

Iran

N. Heidari

Iarley Lobo

Propagation effects of Lorentz violation in gravitational waves

Employing the generalized free energy landscape and solving the associated Fokker–Planck equation, we obtain the time-dependent probability evolution of the order parameter for the RN-AdS black hole phase transitions. Our analysis reveals two distinct kinetic regimes, namely relaxation dynamics initialized at the unstable maximum and phase transition from the metastable state. Furthermore, we characterize the non-equilibrium irreversibility and macroscopic uncertainty using the entropy production rate and the Shannon entropy. The results demonstrate that the phase transition synchronizes exactly with a prominent peak in the entropy production rate, identifying the barrier crossing event as a process fundamentally driven by maximum thermodynamic dissipation.

Chao Wang

Chen Ma

Meng-Ci He

Bin Wu

Probabilistic evolution of black hole thermodynamic states via Fokker–Planck equation

We present measurements of the total and differential cross sections for near-threshold <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mrow><mi>J</mi><mo>/</mo><mi>ψ</mi></mrow></math> photoproduction obtained with the CLAS12 detector at the Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility. The results are based on data collected during the fall 2018 and spring 2019 running periods, using electron beams with energies of 10.6 and 10.2 GeV, respectively, scattered off a liquid-hydrogen target. Near-threshold <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mrow><mi>J</mi><mo>/</mo><mi>ψ</mi></mrow></math> photoproduction offers a unique sensitivity to the strong interaction in the nonperturbative regime of quantum chromodynamics (QCD). The energy dependence of the cross section constrains the underlying <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mrow><mi>J</mi><mo>/</mo><mi>ψ</mi></mrow></math> production mechanisms, including multigluon exchange and potential baryonic excitations. Additionally, the <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>t</mi></math> dependence of the differential cross section can be related to the transverse spatial distribution of gluons in the proton, providing critical input for theoretical descriptions of the gluonic structure of the proton. An interpretation of the results in terms of the gluon content of the proton is presented, providing new experimental constraints on QCD-inspired models of the proton structure and the role of gluonic degrees of freedom in hadronic mass generation.

France

P. Chatagnon

United States

V. Kubarovsky

R. Paremuzyan

S. Stepanyan

M. Tenorio

United Kingdom

R. Tyson

A.G. Acar

P. Achenbach

J.S. Alvarado

M.J. Amaryan

W.R. Armstrong

H. Avakian

N.A. Baltzell

Italy

L. Barion

M. Bashkanov

M. Battaglieri

F. Benmokhtar

A. Bianconi

A.S. Biselli

S. Boiarinov

M. Bondi

F. Bossù

Germany

K.-Th. Brinkmann

W.J. Briscoe

S. Bueltmann

V.D. Burkert

T. Cao

D.S. Carman

A. Celentano

H. Chinchay

G. Ciullo

P.L. Cole

A. D'Angelo

Armenia

N. Dashyan

M. Defurne

R. De Vita

A. Deur

S. Diehl

C. Dilks

C. Djalali

M. Dugger

R. Dupré

H. Egiyan

M. Ehrhart

Chile

A. El Alaoui

L. El Fassi

L. Elouadrhiri

M. Farooq

S. Fegan

R.F. Ferguson

I.P. Fernando

E. Ferrand

A. Filippi

C. Fogler

K. Gates

G.P. Gilfoyle

D.I. Glazier

R.W. Gothe

Y. Gotra

B. Gualtieri

K. Hafidi

H. Hakobyan

F. Hauenstein

T.B. Hayward

D. Heddle

M. Hoballah

D. Holmberg

M. Holtrop

C.E. Hyde

Y. Ilieva

D.G. Ireland

Russia

E.L. Isupov

South Korea

H.S. Jo

K. Joo

T. Kageya

M. Kerr

A. Kim

H.T. Klest

V. Klimenko

Israel

I. Korover

A. Kripko

S.E. Kuhn

L. Lanza

S. Lee

P. Lenisa

X. Li

D. Marchand

D. Martiryan

V. Mascagna

B. McKinnon

A. Mehta

R.G. Milner

T. Mineeva

M. Mirazita

V.I. Mokeev

E.F. Molina Cardenas

C. Munoz Camacho

P. Nadel-Turonski

K. Neupane

D. Nguyen

Measurement of the near-threshold <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mrow><mi>J</mi><mo>/</mo><mi>ψ</mi></mrow></math> photoproduction cross section with the CLAS12 experiment

The “practical Dirac-Majorana confusion theorem” (PDMCT) asserts that phenomenological differences between Dirac and Majorana neutrinos are kinematically suppressed by <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><msub><mi>m</mi><mi>ν</mi></msub><mo>/</mo><mi>E</mi><msup><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mn>2</mn></msup></math> in lepton-number-conserving processes. The PDMCT relies on standard left-handed neutrino interactions, as in the Standard Model, in which case Dirac and Majorana neutrinos are experimentally indistinguishable in lepton-number-conserving processes. Our scenario explicitly goes beyond these assumptions by introducing a neutral vector boson <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><msup><mi>Z</mi><mo>′</mo></msup></math> with <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mi>C</mi><mi>P</mi></math>-violating, flavor-changing neutral current (FCNC) couplings, which generate observable Dirac-Majorana differences while remaining fully consistent with the PDMCT. In strict accordance with the PDMCT, Fermi-Dirac statistics dictate that the flavor-diagonal vector current identically vanishes for Majorana neutrinos. For nondiagonal transitions, the Majorana condition strictly forbids the real (<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mi>C</mi><mi>P</mi></math>-conserving) component of the vector interaction, leaving only an imaginary coupling. As a consequence, the observable difference in inclusive scattering cross sections between Dirac and Majorana neutrinos is driven entirely by the FCNC <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mi>C</mi><mi>P</mi></math>-violating couplings. We apply these results to coherent elastic neutrino-nucleus scattering, showing that for spin-zero targets, the distinguishability of the neutrino’s nature is determined by the <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mi>C</mi><mi>P</mi></math> structure of the new interaction.

Mexico

David Delepine

A. Yebra

Dirac-Majorana confusion theorem in the presence of flavor-changing neutral currents: A <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mrow><mi>C</mi><mi>P</mi></mrow></math>-filter mechanism

We investigate the phase structure of the (<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mrow><mn>1</mn><mo>+</mo><mn>1</mn></mrow></math>)-dimensional single-flavor Gross–Neveu model with Wilson fermions using the Grassmann corner transfer matrix renormalization group (CTMRG). The path integral is formulated as a two-dimensional Grassmann tensor network and approximately contracted by the Grassmann CTMRG algorithm. We investigate the phase diagram by varying the fermion mass and the four-fermion coupling, using the pseudoscalar condensate as an order parameter for the <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><msub><mi mathvariant="double-struck">Z</mi><mn>2</mn></msub></math> parity symmetry breaking phase. The universality classes of the phase boundaries are identified through the central charge <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mi>c</mi></math> obtained via scaling analysis of the entanglement entropy. Furthermore, we extract the quantity related to the entanglement spectrum from the converged CTMRG environments, allowing us to distinguish the topological insulator phase and the trivial phase. The resulting phase structure suggests that the Aoki phase is separated from the other phases by critical lines characterized by <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mi>c</mi><mo>=</mo><mn>1</mn><mo>/</mo><mn>2</mn></math>, while the critical lines with <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mi>c</mi><mo>=</mo><mn>1</mn></math> separate the topological insulating and trivial phases. Our numerical results also indicate that the Aoki phase does not persist in the strong-coupling regime for the single-flavor theory.

Jian-Gang Kong

Japan

Shinichiro Akiyama

Tao Shi

Z.Y. Xie

Phase diagram of the single-flavor Gross-Neveu-Wilson model from the Grassmann corner transfer matrix renormalization group

A search for the pair production of heavy spin-<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mn>1</mn><mo>/</mo><mn>2</mn></math> or spin-<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mn>3</mn><mo>/</mo><mn>2</mn></math> resonances (<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><msup><mi>t</mi><mo>*</mo></msup></math>) in proton-proton collisions at <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><msqrt><mi>s</mi></msqrt><mo>=</mo><mn>13</mn><mtext> </mtext><mtext> </mtext><mi>TeV</mi></math> is presented. Data collected with the CMS detector at the CERN LHC from 2016 to 2018 corresponding to an integrated luminosity of <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mn>138</mn><mtext> </mtext><mtext> </mtext><msup><mi>fb</mi><mrow><mo>−</mo><mn>1</mn></mrow></msup></math> are used. The analysis targets benchmark signal scenarios where one <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><msup><mi>t</mi><mo>*</mo></msup></math> decays into a top quark (<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mi>t</mi></math>) and a photon (<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mi>γ</mi></math>), and the other into a <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mi>t</mi></math> quark and a gluon (<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mi>g</mi></math>), i.e., <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mrow><mi>p</mi><mi>p</mi><mo stretchy="false">→</mo><msup><mrow><mi>t</mi></mrow><mrow><mo>*</mo></mrow></msup><mover accent="true"><mrow><msup><mrow><mi>t</mi></mrow><mrow><mo>*</mo></mrow></msup></mrow><mrow><mo stretchy="true">¯</mo></mrow></mover><mo stretchy="false">→</mo><mi>t</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>γ</mi><mi>g</mi></mrow></math>. All-hadronic final states from the <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mi>t</mi></math> pair decay chain are selected using jet substructure techniques. The signal is probed as a function of the <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><msup><mi>t</mi><mo>*</mo></msup></math> candidate mass, which is reconstructed using the photon and a top quark candidate jet. No significant deviation from the background-only hypothesis is found. Observed (expected) upper limits on the signal cross section at 95% confidence level are set, excluding masses of spin-<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mn>1</mn><mo>/</mo><mn>2</mn></math> <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><msup><mi>t</mi><mo>*</mo></msup></math> particles below 930 (930) GeV and spin-<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mn>3</mn><mo>/</mo><mn>2</mn></math> <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><msup><mi>t</mi><mo>*</mo></msup></math> particles below 1330 (1390) GeV. This analysis marks the first search for heavy resonances in the <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mrow><mrow><mi>t</mi><mover accent="true"><mrow><mi>t</mi></mrow><mrow><mo stretchy="false">¯</mo></mrow></mover></mrow><mi>γ</mi><mi>g</mi></mrow></math> channel. Exploiting the high-energy photon to reduce the backgrounds, this search achieves sensitivity competitive with <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mrow><mi>p</mi><mi>p</mi><mo stretchy="false">→</mo><msup><mrow><mi>t</mi></mrow><mrow><mo>*</mo></mrow></msup><mover accent="true"><mrow><msup><mrow><mi>t</mi></mrow><mrow><mo>*</mo></mrow></msup></mrow><mrow><mo stretchy="true">¯</mo></mrow></mover><mo stretchy="false">→</mo><mrow><mi>t</mi><mover accent="true"><mrow><mi>t</mi></mrow><mrow><mo stretchy="false">¯</mo></mrow></mover></mrow><mi>g</mi><mi>g</mi></mrow></math> searches for spin-<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mn>1</mn><mo>/</mo><mn>2</mn></math> <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><msup><mi>t</mi><mo>*</mo></msup></math> despite the small expected <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><msup><mi>t</mi><mo>*</mo></msup><mo stretchy="false">→</mo><mi>t</mi><mi>γ</mi></math> branching fraction.

A. Hayrapetyan

V. Makarenko

A. Tumasyan

Austria

W. Adam

J.W. Andrejkovic

L. Benato

T. Bergauer

M. Dragicevic

C. Giordano

P.S. Hussain

M. Jeitler

N. Krammer

A. Li

D. Liko

M. Matthewman

I. Mikulec

J. Schieck

R. Schöfbeck

D. Schwarz

M. Shooshtari

M. Sonawane

W. Waltenberger

C.E. Wulz

Belgium

T. Janssen

H. Kwon

D. Ocampo Henao

T. Van Laer

P. Van Mechelen

J. Bierkens

N. Breugelmans

J. D’Hondt

S. Dansana

A. De Moor

M. Delcourt

F. Heyen

Y. Hong

P. Kashko

Search for pair production of heavy resonances in final states with a photon and large-radius jets in proton-proton collisions at <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mrow><msqrt><mrow><mi>s</mi></mrow></msqrt><mo>=</mo><mn>13</mn><mtext> </mtext><mtext> </mtext><mi>TeV</mi></mrow></math>