We constructed a four-Higgs-doublet model (4HDM) invariant under $\textit{D}$ $_{5}$ symmetry and investigated its complete neutral vacuum structure in detail. Assuming explicit CP conservation in the scalar potential, we examined whether CP symmetry can be spontaneously broken. We provided a complete list of all possible real and complex vacua, along with the constraints on the potential parameters required for each vacuum solution to exist. We also discussed the positive-definiteness conditions that the Hessian must satisfy for each vacuum to be a local minimum of the potential. The results show that, after spontaneous symmetry breaking, some complex vacua lead to spontaneous CP violation in the potential, whereas the remaining complex vacua still preserve CP conservation. Among these CP-violating complex vacua, one can be regarded as the most general form. Furthermore, we discussed the relationship between real and complex vacua.

China

Dong-Ping Fu

Michihisa Takeuchi

Spontaneous CP violation in the $\textit{D}$ $_{5}$-symmetric four-Higgs-doublet models * Supported by the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities, the One Hundred Talent Program of Sun Yat-sen University, China, and the Guangdong Natural Science Foundation (2026A1515012641)

In the present work, the strong decays of the discovered $ P_c(4380) $ , $ P_c(4440) $ , $ P_c(4457) $ and their possible isospin cousins are systematically studied via the assignment that they are meson-baryon molecular states. In detail, the strong decay constants and partial decay widths of their decay channels are calculated under the framework of QCD sum rules. The decay widths of the discovered $ P_c(4380) $ , $ P_c(4440) $ , and $ P_c(4457) $ are in good agreement with the experiments. The predictions of the decays of these three related possible isospin cousins are presented, which would shed light on their findings in experiments. In return, this may testify to the assignments of the discovered $ P_c $ states.

Xiu-Wu Wang

Xin Li

Zhi-Gang Wang

Systematic study of the strong decays of the $\textit{P}$ $\textit{c}$ states and their possible isospin cousins via the QCD sum rules * Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (12575083) and the Natural Science Foundation of Hebei Province (A2024502002)

In this work, we investigate three representative new-physics resonances that couple to Standard Model (SM) quarks through flavor-changing interactions involving the top quark. We identify the possible SMEFT operators at the electroweak scale and analyze their phenomenology.

Min Huang

Yandong Liu

Hao Zhang

Exploring new resonances with direct top flavor changing interactions * Min Huang and Hao Zhang is supported in part by the National Science Foundation of China (12575114, 12235001, 12075257)

The exploration of symmetry laws stands as a cutting-edge direction in modern physics research. This study delves into the examination of $\textit{P}$ and $\rm CP$ symmetry properties within the charm quark system by analyzing asymmetry parameters in the two-body decay process of $ \Omega_c $ . By accounting for the polarization effects of electron and positron beams and employing the helicity formalism, we systematically analyze the decay characteristics of $ \Omega_c $ and its subsequent hyperon decays through specific asymmetry parameters. A comprehensive formulation of the angular distribution for these decay processes has been developed. The research assesses the detection sensitivity of asymmetry parameters in the $ \Omega_c\rightarrow \Omega^-\pi^+ $ decay mode across different experimental conditions, including varying data sample sizes and beam polarization configurations. These results contribute to enriching a theoretical foundation for forthcoming experimental endeavors at the STCF, offering significant implications for symmetry studies in the charm sector.

Yunlu Wang

Yunlong Xiao

Pengcheng Hong

Phenomenological study of Ω $\textit{c}$ → Ω$^{−}$ $\textit{π}$ $^{+}$ at polarized electron-positron collider

Hadron-hadron interactions, being nonperturbative in nature, play a significant role in addressing phenomenological questions in particle physics. Femtoscopy is a powerful tool in heavy-ion collision experiments, enabling the extraction of hadron-hadron interactions via momentum-correlation functions (CFs). These CFs are typically expressed as a convolution of source functions and hadron-hadron wave functions, with the latter encoding information about the interactions. However, source functions remain poorly constrained and are commonly approximated by a Gaussian form. Reconstructing source functions from experimental correlation data constitutes an 'inverse problem.' To address this, we propose a toy model based on Tikhonov regularization. Using a square-well potential with four distinct strengths, we calculate the CFs for inputs of single Gaussian source functions and mixed Gaussian source functions. The resulting CFs are then used to reconstruct the source functions via Tikhonov regularization. Our results show that the Gaussian source function can be successfully reconstructed, highlighting the potential of this approach for extracting realistic source functions from hadron pairs of interest.

Ao-Sheng Xiong

Qi-Wei Yuan

Ming-Zhu Liu

Fu-Sheng Yu

Zhi-Wei Liu

Li-Sheng Geng

Solving the inverse source problem in femtoscopy with a toy model * Supported in part by the Fundamental and Interdisciplinary Disciplines Breakthrough Plan of the Ministry of Education of China (JYB2025XDXM204) and the National Natural Science Foundation of China (W2543006, 12435007). Ming-Zhu Liu acknowledges support from the National Natural Science Foundation of China (12575086). Zhi-Wei Liu acknowledges support from the National Natural Science Foundation of China (12405133) and from the Shenzhen Science and Technology Program (ZDSYS20230626091501002). Fu-Sheng Yu and Ao-Sheng Xiong acknowledge support from the Scientific Research Innovation Capability Support Project for Young Faculty (ZYGXQNJSKYCXNLZCXM-P2) and from the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities (lzujbky-2023-stlt01, lzujbky-2024-oy02, lzujbky-2025-eyt01)

<p>A combination of measurements of the <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mi>C</mi><mi>P</mi></math> properties of Higgs boson interactions with electroweak gauge bosons is presented, using <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mn>140</mn><mtext> </mtext><mtext> </mtext><msup><mi>fb</mi><mrow><mo>−</mo><mn>1</mn></mrow></msup></math> of proton-proton collisions at <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mrow><msqrt><mrow><mi>s</mi></mrow></msqrt><mo>=</mo><mn>13</mn><mtext> </mtext><mtext> </mtext><mi>TeV</mi></mrow></math> recorded by the ATLAS detector. Results from vector boson fusion <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mrow><mi>H</mi><mo stretchy="false">→</mo><mi>τ</mi><mi>τ</mi><mo>/</mo><mi>W</mi><msup><mrow><mi>W</mi></mrow><mrow><mo>*</mo></mrow></msup><mo>/</mo><mi>γ</mi><mi>γ</mi></mrow></math>, inclusive <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mrow><mi>H</mi><mo stretchy="false">→</mo><mi>Z</mi><msup><mrow><mi>Z</mi></mrow><mrow><mo>*</mo></mrow></msup></mrow></math>, and <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mrow><mi>W</mi><mi>H</mi><mo>,</mo><mi>H</mi><mo stretchy="false">→</mo><mi>b</mi><mover accent="true"><mrow><mi>b</mi></mrow><mrow><mo stretchy="false">¯</mo></mrow></mover></mrow></math> channels are combined. No evidence of <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mi>C</mi><mi>P</mi></math> violation is observed, and constrains on the <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mi>C</mi><mi>P</mi></math>-violating operators in the Standard Model effective field theory framework (SMEFT) are set in the Warsaw basis. The results from the combination improve by over 40% on previous individual limits on <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><msub><mi>c</mi><mrow><mi>H</mi><mover accent="true"><mi>W</mi><mo stretchy="false">˜</mo></mover></mrow></msub></math> and, for the first time, simultaneous constraints on three coefficients <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><msub><mi>c</mi><mrow><mi>H</mi><mover accent="true"><mi>W</mi><mo stretchy="false">˜</mo></mover></mrow></msub></math>, <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><msub><mi>c</mi><mrow><mi>H</mi><mover accent="true"><mi>B</mi><mo stretchy="false">˜</mo></mover></mrow></msub></math>, and <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><msub><mi>c</mi><mrow><mi>H</mi><mover accent="true"><mi>W</mi><mo stretchy="false">˜</mo></mover><mi>B</mi></mrow></msub></math> are set. These limits are the most stringent constraints to date on the relevant Wilson coefficients in the SMEFT framework with minimum model dependence.</p>

France

G. Aad

Norway

E. Aakvaag

United States

B. Abbott

United Arab Emirates

S. Abdelhameed

Germany

K. Abeling

N.J. Abicht

S.H. Abidi

M. Aboelela

Morocco

A. Aboulhorma

Israel

H. Abramowicz

Italy

B.S. Acharya

A. Ackermann

C. Adam Bourdarios

Poland

L. Adamczyk

S.V. Addepalli

United Kingdom

M.J. Addison

J. Adelman

Türkiye

A. Adiguzel

T. Adye

A.A. Affolder

Y. Afik

Spain

M.N. Agaras

A. Aggarwal

Romania

C. Agheorghiesei

A. Ahmad

F. Ahmadov

S. Ahuja

X. Ai

G. Aielli

A. Aikot

M. Ait Tamlihat

Sweden

T.P.A. Åkesson

Japan

D. Akiyama

N.N. Akolkar

S. Aktas

G.L. Alberghi

Canada

J. Albert

Switzerland

U. Alberti

P. Albicocco

S. Alderweireldt

Z.L. Alegria

CERN

M. Aleksa

I.N. Aleksandrov

C. Alexa

Greece

T. Alexopoulos

F. Alfonsi

M. Algren

M. Alhroob

Czechia

B. Ali

H.M.J. Ali

S. Ali

S.W. Alibocus

South Africa

M. Aliev

G. Alimonti

C. Allaire

B.M.M. Allbrooke

D.R. Allen

J.S. Allen

J.F. Allen

Australia

C.S. Alley

E.R. Almazan

A. Aloisio

Argentina

F. Alonso

C. Alpigiani

A. Alvarez Fernandez

M. Alves Cardoso

M.G. Alviggi

M. Aly

Brazil

Y. Amaral Coutinho

C. Amelung

M. Amerl

T. Amezza

B. Amini

K. Amirie

A. Amirkhanov

D. Amperiadou

S. An

C. Anastopoulos

T. Andeen

J.K. Anders

A.C. Anderson

A. Andreazza

S. Angelidakis

A. Angerami

A.V. Anisenkov

A. Annovi

C. Antel

E. Antipov

M. Antonelli

F. Anulli

M. Aoki

T. Aoki

M.A. Aparo

L. Aperio Bella

M. Apicella

C. Appelt

A. Apyan

M. Arampatzi

S.J. Arbiol Val

Combination of Measurements of <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mi>C</mi><mi>P</mi></math> Properties of Higgs Boson Interactions with Vector Bosons Using Proton-Proton Collisions at <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mrow><msqrt><mrow><mi>s</mi></mrow></msqrt><mo>=</mo><mn>13</mn><mtext> </mtext><mtext> </mtext><mi>TeV</mi></mrow></math> with the ATLAS Detector

<p>Production fraction ratios of <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><msup><mi>B</mi><mo>+</mo></msup></math>, <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><msup><mi>B</mi><mn>0</mn></msup></math>, and <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><msubsup><mi>B</mi><mi>s</mi><mn>0</mn></msubsup></math> mesons are measured in proton-proton collisions at <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mrow><msqrt><mrow><mi>s</mi></mrow></msqrt><mo>=</mo><mn>13</mn><mtext> </mtext><mtext> </mtext><mi>TeV</mi></mrow></math> using a special dataset recorded in 2018 with high-rate triggers designed to collect an unbiased sample of <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mn>1</mn><msup><mn>0</mn><mn>10</mn></msup></math> <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mi>b</mi></math> hadrons with the CMS experiment at the LHC. These data allow the study of the open-charm decays of <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mi>B</mi></math> mesons (<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><msub><mi>B</mi><mrow><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>s</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></mrow></msub><mo stretchy="false">→</mo><mi>π</mi><msub><mi>D</mi><mrow><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>s</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></mrow></msub></math>) where the <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mi>D</mi></math> meson decays into fully hadronic final states. By utilizing known branching fractions and precise theoretical calculations, production fraction ratios as functions of <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mi>B</mi></math> meson transverse momentum <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mrow><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><msub><mrow><mi>p</mi></mrow><mrow><mi mathvariant="normal">T</mi></mrow></msub><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></mrow></math> and rapidity (<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mi>y</mi></math>) are measured using open-charm decays in the kinematic range of <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mrow><mn>8</mn><mo>&lt;</mo><msub><mrow><mi>p</mi></mrow><mrow><mi mathvariant="normal">T</mi></mrow></msub><mo>&lt;</mo><mn>60</mn><mtext> </mtext><mtext> </mtext><mrow><mi>GeV</mi></mrow></mrow></math> and <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mrow><mo stretchy="false">|</mo><mi>y</mi><mo stretchy="false">|</mo></mrow><mo>&lt;</mo><mn>2.25</mn></math>. In addition, the same dataset is used to measure the relative production fraction ratios with the charmonium decay channels [<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><msub><mi>B</mi><mrow><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>s</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></mrow></msub><mo stretchy="false">→</mo><mi>X</mi><mrow><mi>J</mi><mo stretchy="false">/</mo><mi>ψ</mi></mrow></math> with <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mi>X</mi></math> indicating a <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><msup><mi>K</mi><mo>+</mo></msup></math>, <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mrow><mrow><msup><mrow><mi>K</mi></mrow><mrow><mo>*</mo></mrow></msup><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mn>892</mn></mrow><msup><mrow><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></mrow><mrow><mn>0</mn></mrow></msup></mrow></math>, or <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mi>ϕ</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mn>1020</mn><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></math> meson] where the <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mi>J</mi><mo stretchy="false">/</mo><mi>ψ</mi></math> meson decays into a pair of muons. The open-charm results are used to normalize the relative production fraction ratios obtained from the charmonium samples. Measurements of the ratios of branching fractions of <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mi>B</mi></math> meson decays to charmonium and open-charm final states are also reported, which will improve the world-average values of these ratios. Finally, we test isospin invariance in <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mi>B</mi></math> meson production in proton-proton collisions and observe that it holds within the experimental precision.</p>

Armenia

A. Hayrapetyan

V. Makarenko

A. Tumasyan

Austria

W. Adam

J.W. Andrejkovic

L. Benato

T. Bergauer

M. Dragicevic

C. Giordano

P.S. Hussain

M. Jeitler

N. Krammer

A. Li

D. Liko

I. Mikulec

J. Schieck

R. Schöfbeck

D. Schwarz

M. Shooshtari

M. Sonawane

W. Waltenberger

C.E. Wulz

Belgium

T. Janssen

H. Kwon

D. Ocampo Henao

T. Van Laer

P. Van Mechelen

J. Bierkens

N. Breugelmans

J. D’Hondt

S. Dansana

A. De Moor

M. Delcourt

F. Heyen

Y. Hong

P. Kashko

S. Lowette

I. Makarenko

D. Müller

J. Song

S. Tavernier

M. Tytgat

G.P. Van Onsem

S. Van Putte

Measurement of <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mi>B</mi></math> meson production fraction ratios in proton-proton collisions at <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mrow><msqrt><mrow><mi>s</mi></mrow></msqrt><mo>=</mo><mn>13</mn><mtext> </mtext><mtext> </mtext><mi>TeV</mi></mrow></math> using open-charm and charmonium decays