We present a systematic analysis of the Higgs signal strengths at 125 GeV and 95 GeV in a non-supersymmetric $ U(1)_X $ model with vector-like fermions ( $ U(1)_X $ VLFM). This framework extends the Standard Model (SM) by introducing an additional $ U(1)_X $ gauge symmetry, three right-handed neutrinos, two singlet Higgs fields ($\textit{ϕ}$ and $\textit{S}$), and one generation of vector-like quarks and leptons. The scalar fields mix in the neutral CP-even sector, yielding two Higgs-like states around 95 GeV and 125 GeV. We perform a $ \chi^2 $ analysis that combines the Higgs signal strength measurements at 125 GeV from ATLAS and CMS, including the $ \gamma\gamma $ , $ WW^* $ , $ ZZ^* $ , $ b\bar{b} $ , and $ \tau\bar{\tau} $ channels, together with the 95 GeV excesses observed in the diphoton and $ b\bar{b} $ final states reported by CMS and LEP. Our results indicate that the $ U(1)_X $ VLFM successfully reproduces the observed signal strengths of the 125 GeV Higgs while simultaneously explaining the 95 GeV excess. The parameters $ g_X $ , $ g_{YX} $ , $ v_S $ , $ v_P $ , and the new Yukawa couplings play a crucial role in achieving this consistency.

China

Rong-Zhi Sun

Shu-Min Zhao

Meng-Zi Cao

Song Gao

Portugal

Xing-Xing Dong

Higgs Bosons at 95 and 125 GeV in the $\textit{U}$(1) $\textit{X}$ VLFM * Supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China (NNSFC) (2075074), Natural Science Foundation of Hebei Province (A2023201040, A2022201022, A2022201017, A2023201041), Natural Science Foundation of Hebei Education Department (QN2022173), the Project of the China Scholarship Council (CSC) (202408130113). This work is also supported by Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia (FCT, Portugal) through the project UID/00777/2025 (https://doi.org/ 10.54499/UID/00777/2025)

We report stronger evidence for the $X(7200)$ state and markedly improved measurements of the $X(6900)$ resonance parameters based on a combined analysis of the di- $J/\psi$ mass spectrum using published data from LHCb, ATLAS, and CMS. Through simultaneous fits to the datasets from all three experiments, we observe the $X(6900)$ with overwhelming significance ( $ \gt 12\sigma$ ) and determine its mass and width with improved precision. For the $X(7200)$ , we find consistent signals across multiple interference models, with significances ranging from $3.7\sigma$ to $6.6\sigma$ ; in the best-fit model (the CMS three-resonance scheme), the significance reaches $6.6\sigma$ , providing substantially stronger evidence for this state. Our results underscore the essential role of interference effects in fully charmed tetraquark spectroscopy and offer new constraints on their production mechanisms at the LHC.

Yuan Wang

Ran Li

Bin Zhong

Ya-Qian Wang

Enhanced evidence of $\textit{X}$(7200) and improved measurements of $\textit{X}$(6900) parameters from a combined LHCb-ATLAS-CMS analysis * Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (NSFC) (12475077)

The Deep Underground Neutrino Experiment (DUNE) Far Detector (FD) Photon Detection System (PDS) employs the X-Arapuca concept, a photon trapping system relying on reflective surfaces and dichroic filters. In this paper are reported measurements, performed at the University of Milano-Bicocca, aimed at increasing the FD Horizontal Drift (HD) PDS module efficiency. The baseline implementation of the X-Arapuca concept for the FD-HD PDS module is close to the DUNE requirements as demonstrated in the collaborations laboratory testing. However, an increased performance would provide a safety margin for a detector planned to be operated for 30 years, without possibility of performing maintenance. A higher detector performance would also benefit the DUNE low energy physics program. The already proven Milano-Bicocca setup has been utilized to test different PDS module configurations comparing them to the original baseline. Exploiting prior knowledge of the X-Arapuca components and Geant4 based optical simulations it has been possible to achieve up to an $$\sim $$ 84% performance increase over the baseline design. In the following it is presented the testing procedure, the performed measurements and a brief discussion on the obtained results.

Italy

E. Bertolini

C. Brizzolari

F. Bruni

P. Carniti

C. Cattadori

S. Copello

E. Cristaldo

M. Delgado

F. Galizzi

C. Gotti

D. Guffanti

Brazil

A. Machado

L. Malinverni

L. Meazza

F. Meinardi

G. Pessina

G. Raselli

M. Rossella

E. Segreto

H. Vieira de Souza

F. Terranova

United States

D. Warner

Optimization of the X-Arapuca photon collection efficiency for the DUNE horizontal drift far detector

We examine the Lüscher quantization condition to high order for the scattering of a spinless particle and a spin-<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mrow><mn>1</mn><mo>/</mo><mn>2</mn></mrow></math> particle in a periodic box. First, we derive the quantization conditions in a nonrelativistic framework up to total angular momentum <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mi>J</mi><mo>=</mo><mn>11</mn><mo>/</mo><mn>2</mn></math> in both cubic and elongated geometries, and for both rest and moving frames. Then, we introduce a method to transparently cross-check their convergence, using both quantized energy levels in the box and infinite-volume phase shifts for the same potential. We clarify how to incorporate spin-orbit coupling into the formalism and show in detail how the quantization conditions converge order by order in the various irreducible representations. In all, we validated 19 quantization conditions (12 in cubic box, 7 in elongated box). This is a necessary step in applying the method in precision studies of systems in finite volume with half-integer spin, such as meson-baryon scattering.

Lucas Chandler

Frank X. Lee

Andrei Alexandru

Higher order quantization conditions for two-body scattering with spin

Recently, LHCb reported the radiative-decay ratio <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><msup><mi mathvariant="script">R</mi><mrow><mi>ψ</mi><mi>γ</mi></mrow></msup><mo>≡</mo><mi mathvariant="script">B</mi><mo stretchy="false">[</mo><mi>X</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mn>3872</mn><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">→</mo><msup><mi>ψ</mi><mo>′</mo></msup><mi>γ</mi><mo stretchy="false">]</mo><mo>/</mo><mi mathvariant="script">B</mi><mo stretchy="false">[</mo><mi>X</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mn>3872</mn><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">→</mo><mi>J</mi><mo>/</mo><mi>ψ</mi><mi>γ</mi><mo stretchy="false">]</mo><mo>=</mo><mn>1.67</mn><mo>±</mo><mn>0.25</mn></math> extracted from <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><msup><mi>B</mi><mo>+</mo></msup><mo stretchy="false">→</mo><msup><mi>K</mi><mo>+</mo></msup><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>J</mi><mo>/</mo><mi>ψ</mi><mi>γ</mi><mo>,</mo><msup><mi>ψ</mi><mo>′</mo></msup><mi>γ</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></math>. This result differs markedly (<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mo>∼</mo><mn>4.6</mn><mi>σ</mi></math>) from the BESIII value obtained from <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><msup><mi>e</mi><mo>+</mo></msup><msup><mi>e</mi><mo>−</mo></msup><mo stretchy="false">→</mo><mi>γ</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>J</mi><mo>/</mo><mi>ψ</mi><mi>γ</mi><mo>,</mo><msup><mi>ψ</mi><mo>′</mo></msup><mi>γ</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></math>, <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><msup><mi mathvariant="script">R</mi><mrow><mi>ψ</mi><mi>γ</mi></mrow></msup><mo>=</mo><mo>−</mo><mn>0.04</mn><mo>±</mo><mn>0.28</mn></math>. Such a significant tension suggests that more than one state in the <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mi>X</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mn>3872</mn><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></math> region contributes to the processes. We therefore propose a two-state scenario: a shallow <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><msup><mi>D</mi><mrow><mo>*</mo><mn>0</mn></mrow></msup><msup><mover accent="true"><mi>D</mi><mo stretchy="false">¯</mo></mover><mn>0</mn></msup></math> bound state with <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><msup><mi>J</mi><mrow><mi>P</mi><mi>C</mi></mrow></msup><mo>=</mo><msup><mn>1</mn><mrow><mo>+</mo><mo>+</mo></mrow></msup></math> and a <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><msup><mn>2</mn><mrow><mo>−</mo><mo>+</mo></mrow></msup></math> charmonium candidate, <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><msub><mi>η</mi><mrow><mi>c</mi><mn>2</mn></mrow></msub></math>, slightly above the <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><msup><mi>D</mi><mrow><mo>*</mo><mn>0</mn></mrow></msup><msup><mover accent="true"><mi>D</mi><mo stretchy="false">¯</mo></mover><mn>0</mn></msup></math> threshold. We show that this hypothesis consistently describes these ratios along with other branching fractions and line shapes across multiple processes. By contrast, fits without the <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><msub><mi>η</mi><mrow><mi>c</mi><mn>2</mn></mrow></msub></math> component fail to reproduce the radiative-ratio data. We also predict helicity-angle distributions that motivate the future experiments to test the two-state hypothesis and search for the so-far missing <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><msub><mi>η</mi><mrow><mi>c</mi><mn>2</mn></mrow></msub></math>.

Satoshi X. Nakamura

Two nearby states in the <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mi>X</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mn>3872</mn><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></math> region: Resolving the radiative-decay ratio tension with <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><msub><mi>η</mi><mrow><mi>c</mi><mn>2</mn></mrow></msub></math>

In recent years, the ATOMKI collaboration has performed a series of measurements of excited nuclei, observing a resonant excess of electron-positron pairs at large opening angles compared to the Standard Model prediction. The excess has been hypothesized to be due to the production of a new spin-1 or spin-0 particle, <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mi>X</mi></math>17, with a mass of about 17 MeV. Recently, the PADME experiment has reported an excess in the <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><msup><mi>e</mi><mo>+</mo></msup><msup><mi>e</mi><mo>−</mo></msup></math> cross section at center-of-mass energies near 17 MeV, perhaps further hinting at the existence of a new state. Studies of the spin-1 case have hitherto focused on either vector or axial-vector couplings to quarks and leptons, whereas UV theories more naturally produce both vector and axial-vector (i.e., chiral) couplings, analogous to the Standard Model weak interactions. We consider the ATOMKI anomalies in the context of an <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mi>X</mi></math> with chiral couplings to quarks and explore the parameter space that can explain the ATOMKI anomalies, contrasting them with experimental constraints. We find that it is possible to accommodate the reported ATOMKI signals. However, the 99% confidence level region is in tension with null results from searches for atomic parity violation and direct searches for new low mass physics coupled to electrons. This tension is found to be driven by the magnitude of the reported excess in the transition of <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mmultiscripts><mi mathvariant="normal">C</mi><mprescripts></mprescripts><none></none><mrow><mn>12</mn></mrow></mmultiscripts><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mn>17.23</mn><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></math>, which drives the best-fit region toward excluded couplings.

Max H. Fieg

Toni Mäkelä

Tim M.P. Tait

Miša Toman

<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mi>X</mi></math>17 with chiral couplings

We present a unified description of the low-lying <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mn>1</mn><mi>P</mi></math>- and <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mn>2</mn><mi>S</mi></math>-wave nucleon resonance within the framework of an extended Lee-Friedrichs scheme. By incorporating the coupled-channel dynamics between bare quark-model states and the <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mi>π</mi><mi>N</mi></math>, <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mi>π</mi><mi mathvariant="normal">Δ</mi></math> and <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mi>η</mi><mi>N</mi></math> meson-baryon continua, we examine the mass shifts and structural properties of these excited states. We demonstrate that when the model parameters are calibrated to match the <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mn>1</mn><mi>P</mi></math>-wave spectrum and their widths, the pole associated with the bare <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mn>2</mn><mi>S</mi></math> state is naturally shifted downward to the mass region of physical Roper resonance–<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mi>N</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mn>1440</mn><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></math>, thereby offering a dynamical explanation for the long-standing level-inversion problem. An approximate analysis of compositeness and elementariness reveals that the Roper resonance contains a significant meson-baryon continuum states, consistent with the picture of a bare core heavily dressed by meson-baryon cloud. Simultaneously, the pole positions and properties of five <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mn>1</mn><mi>P</mi></math>-wave resonances–<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mi>N</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mn>1535</mn><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></math>, <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mi>N</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mn>1650</mn><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></math>, <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mi>N</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mn>1520</mn><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></math>, <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mi>N</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mn>1700</mn><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></math> and <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mi>N</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mn>1675</mn><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></math>—are successfully reproduced. Our results highlight the essential role of coupled-channel effects in shaping the nucleon spectrum and provide a consistent microscopic insight into the interplay between internal quark degrees of freedom and external hadronic fields.

Yu-Hui Zhou

Hui-Hua Zhong

Zhi-Yong Zhou

Xian-Hui Zhong

Understanding the <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mrow><mn>1</mn><mi>P</mi></mrow></math> and <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mrow><mn>2</mn><mi>S</mi></mrow></math> nucleon resonances within the extended Lee-Friedrichs model

We report the first search for the flavor-changing neutral-current decays <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mi>B</mi><mo stretchy="false">→</mo><msub><mi>X</mi><mi>s</mi></msub><mi>ν</mi><mover accent="true"><mi>ν</mi><mo stretchy="false">¯</mo></mover></math>, where <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><msub><mi>X</mi><mi>s</mi></msub></math> is a hadronic system with strangeness equal to 1, in data collected with the Belle II detector at the SuperKEKB asymmetric-energy <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><msup><mi>e</mi><mo>+</mo></msup><msup><mi>e</mi><mo>−</mo></msup></math> collider. The data sample corresponds to an integrated luminosity of <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mn>365</mn><mtext> </mtext><mtext> </mtext><msup><mi>fb</mi><mrow><mo>−</mo><mn>1</mn></mrow></msup></math> collected at the <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mi mathvariant="normal">ϒ</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mn>4</mn><mi>S</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></math> resonance and <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mn>43</mn><mtext> </mtext><mtext> </mtext><msup><mi>fb</mi><mrow><mo>−</mo><mn>1</mn></mrow></msup></math> collected at a center-of-mass energy 60 MeV below resonance for estimation of <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><msup><mi>e</mi><mo>+</mo></msup><msup><mi>e</mi><mo>−</mo></msup><mo stretchy="false">→</mo><mi>q</mi><mover accent="true"><mi>q</mi><mo stretchy="false">¯</mo></mover></math> continuum background. One of the <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mi>B</mi></math> mesons from the <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mrow><mi mathvariant="normal">ϒ</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mn>4</mn><mi>S</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">→</mo><mi>B</mi><mrow><mover accent="true"><mrow><mi>B</mi></mrow><mrow><mo stretchy="false">¯</mo></mrow></mover></mrow></mrow></math> decay is fully reconstructed in a hadronic decay mode. The <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mi>B</mi><mo stretchy="false">→</mo><msub><mi>X</mi><mi>s</mi></msub><mi>ν</mi><mover accent="true"><mi>ν</mi><mo stretchy="false">¯</mo></mover></math> decay is reconstructed with a sum-of-exclusives approach that uses 30 <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><msub><mi>X</mi><mi>s</mi></msub></math> decay modes. This approach provides high sensitivity to the inclusive decay, despite the presence of two undetected neutrinos. The search is performed in three regions of the <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><msub><mi>X</mi><mi>s</mi></msub></math> mass, <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><msubsup><mi>M</mi><msub><mi>X</mi><mi>s</mi></msub><mrow><mi>true</mi></mrow></msubsup></math>, chosen to separate contributions from <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mi>K</mi></math>, <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><msup><mi>K</mi><mo>*</mo></msup><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mn>892</mn><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></math>, and heavier strange final states. We do not observe a significant signal and set upper limits at 90% confidence level on the partial branching fractions for the regions <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mrow><mn>0.0</mn><mo>&lt;</mo><msubsup><mrow><mi>M</mi></mrow><mrow><msub><mrow><mi>X</mi></mrow><mrow><mi>s</mi></mrow></msub></mrow><mrow><mi>true</mi></mrow></msubsup><mo>&lt;</mo><mn>0.6</mn><mtext> </mtext><mtext> </mtext><mi>GeV</mi><mo>/</mo><msup><mrow><mi>c</mi></mrow><mrow><mn>2</mn></mrow></msup></mrow></math>, <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mn>0.6</mn><mo>&lt;</mo><msubsup><mi>M</mi><msub><mi>X</mi><mi>s</mi></msub><mrow><mi>true</mi></mrow></msubsup><mo>&lt;</mo><mn>1.0</mn><mtext> </mtext><mtext> </mtext><mi>GeV</mi><mo>/</mo><msup><mrow><mi>c</mi></mrow><mrow><mn>2</mn></mrow></msup></math>, and <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mn>1.0</mn><mtext> </mtext><mtext> </mtext><mi>GeV</mi><mo>/</mo><msup><mrow><mi>c</mi></mrow><mrow><mn>2</mn></mrow></msup><mo>&lt;</mo><msubsup><mi>M</mi><msub><mi>X</mi><mi>s</mi></msub><mrow><mi>true</mi></mrow></msubsup></math> of <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mn>2.2</mn><mo>×</mo><msup><mn>10</mn><mrow><mo>−</mo><mn>5</mn></mrow></msup></math>, <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mrow><mn>9.3</mn><mo>×</mo><msup><mrow><mn>10</mn></mrow><mrow><mo>−</mo><mn>5</mn></mrow></msup></mrow></math>, and <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mrow><mn>30.9</mn><mo>×</mo><msup><mrow><mn>10</mn></mrow><mrow><mo>−</mo><mn>5</mn></mrow></msup></mrow></math>, respectively. Combining the three mass regions, we obtain the upper limit on the branching fraction, <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mrow><mi>B</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>B</mi><mo stretchy="false">→</mo><msub><mrow><mi>X</mi></mrow><mrow><mi>s</mi></mrow></msub><mi>ν</mi><mover accent="true"><mrow><mi>ν</mi></mrow><mrow><mo stretchy="false">¯</mo></mrow></mover><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo>&lt;</mo><mn>3.3</mn><mo>×</mo><msup><mrow><mn>10</mn></mrow><mrow><mo>−</mo><mn>4</mn></mrow></msup></mrow></math>.

M. Abumusabh

I. Adachi

K. Adamczyk

L. Aggarwal

H. Ahmed

Y. Ahn

H. Aihara

N. Akopov

S. Alghamdi

M. Alhakami

A. Aloisio

N. Althubiti

K. Amos

N. Anh Ky

C. Antonioli

D.M. Asner

H. Atmacan

T. Aushev

M. Aversano

R. Ayad

V. Babu

H. Bae

N.K. Baghel

S. Bahinipati

P. Bambade

Sw. Banerjee

M. Barrett

M. Bartl

J. Baudot

A. Baur

A. Beaubien

F. Becherer

J. Becker

J.V. Bennett

F.U. Bernlochner

V. Bertacchi

M. Bertemes

E. Bertholet

M. Bessner

S. Bettarini

V. Bhardwaj

B. Bhuyan

F. Bianchi

T. Bilka

D. Biswas

A. Bobrov

D. Bodrov

A. Bondar

G. Bonvicini

J. Borah

A. Boschetti

A. Bozek

M. Bračko

P. Branchini

R.A. Briere

T.E. Browder

A. Budano

S. Bussino

Q. Campagna

M. Campajola

L. Cao

G. Casarosa

C. Cecchi

M.C. Chang

P. Chang

P. Cheema

L. Chen

B.G. Cheon

C. Cheshta

H. Chetri

K. Chilikin

J. Chin

K. Chirapatpimol

H.E. Cho

K. Cho

S.J. Cho

S.K. Choi

S. Choudhury

J.A. Colorado-Caicedo

I. Consigny

L. Corona

J.X. Cui

E. De La Cruz-Burelo

S.A. De La Motte

G. de Marino

G. De Nardo

G. De Pietro

R. de Sangro

M. Destefanis

S. Dey

A. Di Canto

J. Dingfelder

Z. Doležal

I. Domínguez Jiménez

T.V. Dong

X. Dong

K. Dugic

G. Dujany

P. Ecker

R. Farkas

First Search for <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mi>B</mi><mo stretchy="false">→</mo><msub><mi>X</mi><mi>s</mi></msub><mi>ν</mi><mover accent="true"><mi>ν</mi><mo stretchy="false">¯</mo></mover></math> Decays

The femtoscopic <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><msubsup><mi>D</mi><mi>s</mi><mo>+</mo></msubsup><msubsup><mi>D</mi><mi>s</mi><mo>−</mo></msubsup></math> correlations are investigated to predict the signature of the not-yet-established <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mi>X</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mn>3960</mn><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></math> state reported by the LHCb Collaboration in three scenarios: resonant, virtual, or bound. In the last two scenarios, it might also be identified as the state <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mi>X</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mn>3930</mn><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></math>. The formalism employed to generate this structure dynamically is based on the Bethe-Salpeter equation with a general <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mi>S</mi></math>-wave potential. We investigate how the relevant properties and observables characterizing this state—such as the pole position, scattering length, and effective range—might be affected by variations in the model parameters. The amplitudes encoding the distinct interpretations of the <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mi>X</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mn>3960</mn><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></math> state are then used as input to calculate the femtoscopic correlation function of the <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><msubsup><mi>D</mi><mi>s</mi><mo>+</mo></msubsup><msubsup><mi>D</mi><mi>s</mi><mo>−</mo></msubsup></math> pair, which is analyzed and discussed.

Hao-Nan Liu

Zhi-Wei Liu

Luciano Abreu

Li-Sheng Geng

Traces of the <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mrow><mi>X</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mn>3960</mn><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></mrow></math> state in the femtoscopic <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><msubsup><mi>D</mi><mi>s</mi><mo>+</mo></msubsup><msubsup><mi>D</mi><mi>s</mi><mo>−</mo></msubsup></math> correlations

We present the first rainbow-ladder Dyson-Schwinger equations study of the pion’s chiral-odd, twist-3 parton distribution <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><msub><mi>e</mi><mi mathvariant="normal">q</mi></msub><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>x</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></math>. By deriving a novel Dyson–Schwinger equation for the pion’s quark–quark correlation matrix, we simultaneously extract from it both the unpolarized twist-2 parton distribution function <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><msub><mi>f</mi><mi mathvariant="normal">q</mi></msub><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>x</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></math> and the twist-3 distribution <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><msub><mi>e</mi><mi mathvariant="normal">q</mi></msub><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>x</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></math>. Our results show that chiral symmetry strongly suppresses the twist-2 component of <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><msub><mi>e</mi><mi mathvariant="normal">q</mi></msub><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>x</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></math>, leaving the genuine twist-3 quark-gluon component dominant and featuring a node. We therefore argue that the genuine twist-3 term can make a substantial contribution to hadronic <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>x</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></math>, producing a nonmonotonic structure that is a clear imprint of intrinsic quark-gluon correlations. We point out that the existence of a humplike feature is compatible with, although not uniquely indicated by, recent proton extractions and awaits more precise determination.

Chao Shi

Liming Lu

Ian C. Cloët

Wenbao Jia

Peter C. Tandy

Imprint of intrinsic quark-gluon correlations: A nonmonotonic feature in <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mi>e</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>x</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></math>