The concept of complexity related to the celestial systems is elaborated within the context of distinct revised gravity theories. However, its interpretation in $\textit{f}$($\textit{R}$, $\textit{G}$) gravity is the main idea of our manuscript. We assume that the inner configuration of the system is a cylindrically symmetric geometry comprising the anisotropic configuration of matter. In our case study, we determine the revised equations of motion combined with the orthogonal decomposition of the Riemann tensor. The implications of anisotropic pressure and nonhomogeneous energy density are relevant. Decisive results relating to the Tolman mass, Weyl scalar, and the complexity factor are derived by incorporating dark source terms corresponding to the $\textit{f}$($\textit{R}$, $\textit{G}$) theory. Additionally, the structure scalars calculated in our manuscript are employed to derive the expression for the complexity factor, after considering reducing the complexity constraint to obtain the solutions for the specific models. The compact structures with anisotropic pressure and non-homogeneous energy density claim the maximum complexity. However, these fluids might not demonstrate any complexity if the implications of non-homogeneous energy density and anisotropic pressure are eradicated because of dark source terms corresponding to the $\textit{f}$($\textit{R}$, $\textit{G}$) theory.

Pakistan

A. Rehman

Azerbaijan

M. Yousaf

China

Faisal Javed

Thailand

Phongpichit Channuie

Interpretation of complexity associated with cylindrically symmetric configuration in $\textit{f}$($\textit{R}$, $\textit{G}$) theory

The jet energy calibration and its uncertainties are derived from measurements of the calorimeter response to single particles in both data and Monte Carlo simulation using proton–proton collisions at $$\sqrt{s} = 13$$ TeV collected with the ATLAS detector during Run 2 at the Large Hadron Collider. The jet calibration uncertainty for anti- $$k_T$$ jets with a jet radius parameter of $\textit{R}$ $$_\textrm{jet} = 0.4$$ and in the central jet rapidity region is about 2.5% for transverse momenta ( $$p_{\text {T}}$$ ) of 20 $$\text {GeV}$$ , about $$0.5\%$$ for $$p_{\text {T}} =300$$ $$\text {GeV}$$ and $$0.7\%$$ for $$p_{\text {T}} =4$$ $$\text {TeV}$$ . Excellent agreement is found with earlier determinations obtained from $$p_\textrm{T}$$ -balance based in situ methods ( $$Z/\gamma $$ +jets). The combination of these two independent methods results in the most precise jet energy measurement achieved so far with the ATLAS detector with a relative uncertainty of $$0.3\%$$ at $$p_\textrm{T}=300$$ GeV and $$0.6\%$$ at 4 TeV. The jet energy calibration is also derived with the single-particle calorimeter response measurements separately for quark- and gluon-induced jets and furthermore for jets with $\textit{R}$ $$_\textrm{jet}$$ varying from 0.2 to 1.0 retaining the correlations between these measurements. Differences between inclusive jets and jets from boosted top-quark decays, with and without grooming the soft jet constituents, are also studied.

France

G. Aad

Norway

E. Aakvaag

United States

B. Abbott

United Arab Emirates

S. Abdelhameed

Germany

K. Abeling

N. Abicht

S. Abidi

M. Aboelela

Morocco

A. Aboulhorma

Israel

H. Abramowicz

H. Abreu

Y. Abulaiti

Italy

United Kingdom

B. Acharya

A. Ackermann

C. Bourdarios

Poland

L. Adamczyk

S. Addepalli

M. Addison

J. Adelman

Türkiye

A. Adiguzel

T. Adye

A. Affolder

Y. Afik

Spain

M. Agaras

J. Agarwala

A. Aggarwal

Romania

C. Agheorghiesei

F. Ahmadov

Canada

W. Ahmed

S. Ahuja

X. Ai

G. Aielli

A. Aikot

M. Tamlihat

B. Aitbenchikh

M. Akbiyik

Sweden

T. Åkesson

A. Akimov

Japan

D. Akiyama

N. Akolkar

S. Aktas

K. Khoury

G. Alberghi

J. Albert

P. Albicocco

G. Albouy

S. Alderweireldt

Z. Alegria

Switzerland

M. Aleksa

I. Aleksandrov

C. Alexa

Greece

T. Alexopoulos

F. Alfonsi

M. Algren

M. Alhroob

Czechia

B. Ali

Saudi Arabia

H. Ali

S. Ali

S. Alibocus

South Africa

M. Aliev

G. Alimonti

W. Alkakhi

C. Allaire

B. Allbrooke

J. Allen

Chile

C. Flores

P. Allport

A. Aloisio

Argentina

F. Alonso

C. Alpigiani

Z. Alsolami

M. Estevez

A. Fernandez

M. Cardoso

M. Alviggi

M. Aly

Brazil

Y. Coutinho

A. Ambler

C. Amelung

M. Amerl

C. Ames

D. Amidei

B. Amini

K. Amirie

Portugal

S. Santos

K. Amos

D. Amperiadou

S. An

V. Ananiev

C. Anastopoulos

T. Andeen

J. Anders

A. Anderson

S. Andrean

A. Andreazza

S. Angelidakis

A. Angerami

A. Anisenkov

A. Annovi

A precise measurement of the jet energy scale derived from single-particle measurements and in situ techniques in proton–proton collisions at $$\sqrt{s}=$$ 13 TeV with the ATLAS detector

<p><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><msup><mrow><mi>JSNS</mi></mrow><mn>2</mn></msup></math> (J-PARC Sterile Neutrino Search at J-PARC Spallation Neutron Source) is an experiment searching for sterile neutrinos through the observation of <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><msub><mover accent="true"><mi>ν</mi><mo stretchy="false">¯</mo></mover><mi>μ</mi></msub><mo stretchy="false">→</mo><msub><mover accent="true"><mi>ν</mi><mo stretchy="false">¯</mo></mover><mi>e</mi></msub></math> appearance oscillations, using neutrinos produced by muon decay-at-rest. A key aspect of the experiment involves accurately understanding the neutrino flux and the quantities of pions and muons, which are progenitors of (anti)neutrinos, given that their production rates have yet to be measured. We present the first electron-neutrino flux measurement using <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mrow><mmultiscripts><mrow><mi mathvariant="normal">C</mi></mrow><mprescripts></mprescripts><none></none><mrow><mn>12</mn></mrow></mmultiscripts><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><msub><mrow><mi>ν</mi></mrow><mrow><mi>e</mi></mrow></msub><mo>,</mo><msup><mrow><mi>e</mi></mrow><mrow><mo>−</mo></mrow></msup><msup><mrow><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></mrow><mrow><mn>12</mn></mrow></msup><msub><mrow><mi mathvariant="normal">N</mi></mrow><mrow><mi mathvariant="normal">g</mi><mo>.</mo><mi mathvariant="normal">s</mi><mo>.</mo></mrow></msub></mrow></math> reaction in <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mrow><msup><mrow><mi>JSNS</mi></mrow><mrow><mn>2</mn></mrow></msup></mrow></math>, yielding a flux of <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mrow><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mn>6.7</mn><mo>±</mo><mn>1.6</mn><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>stat</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo>±</mo><mn>1.7</mn><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>syst</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo>×</mo><msup><mrow><mn>10</mn></mrow><mrow><mo>−</mo><mn>9</mn></mrow></msup><mtext> </mtext><mtext> </mtext><msup><mrow><mi>cm</mi></mrow><mrow><mo>−</mo><mn>2</mn></mrow></msup><mtext> </mtext><msup><mrow><mi>proton</mi></mrow><mrow><mo>−</mo><mn>1</mn></mrow></msup></mrow></math> at the <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mrow><msup><mrow><mi>JSNS</mi></mrow><mrow><mn>2</mn></mrow></msup></mrow></math> detector location, located at 24 meters distance from the mercury target. This flux measurement is consistent with predictions from simulations based on hadron models.</p>

T. Dodo

South Korea

M.K. Cheoun

J.H. Choi

J.Y. Choi

J. Goh

K. Haga

M. Harada

S. Hasegawa

W. Hwang

H.I. Jang

J.S. Jang

K.K. Joo

D.E. Jung

S.K. Kang

Y. Kasugai

T. Kawasaki

E.M. Kim

E.J. Kim

S.Y. Kim

S.B. Kim

H. Kinoshita

T. Konno

D.H. Lee

C. Little

T. Maruyama

E. Marzec

S. Masuda

S. Meigo

D.H. Moon

T. Nakano

M. Niiyama

K. Nishikawa

M.Y. Pac

B.J. Park

H.W. Park

J.B. Park

J.S. Park

R.G. Park

S.J.M. Peeters

J.W. Ryu

K. Sakai

S. Sakamoto

T. Shima

C.D. Shin

J. Spitz

F. Suekane

Y. Sugaya

K. Suzuya

Y. Yamaguchi

I.S. Yeo

I. Yu

First <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mrow><msup><mrow><mi>JSNS</mi></mrow><mrow><mn>2</mn></mrow></msup></mrow></math> measurement of the electron neutrino flux using the <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mrow><mrow><mmultiscripts><mrow><mi mathvariant="normal">C</mi></mrow><mprescripts></mprescripts><none></none><mrow><mn>12</mn></mrow></mmultiscripts></mrow><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><msub><mrow><mi>ν</mi></mrow><mrow><mi>e</mi></mrow></msub><mo>,</mo><msup><mrow><mi>e</mi></mrow><mrow><mo>−</mo></mrow></msup><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mmultiscripts><mrow><msub><mrow><mi mathvariant="normal">N</mi></mrow><mrow><mi mathvariant="normal">g</mi><mo>.</mo><mi mathvariant="normal">s</mi><mo>.</mo></mrow></msub></mrow><mprescripts></mprescripts><none></none><mrow><mn>12</mn></mrow></mmultiscripts></mrow></math> reaction

<p>Short-distance constraints from the operator product expansion in QCD play an important role in the evaluation of the hadronic light-by-light scattering contribution to the anomalous magnetic moment of the muon. Holographic QCD has been shown to naturally incorporate the Melnikov-Vainshtein constraint on the longitudinal amplitude following from the triangle anomaly in the asymmetric limit, where one photon virtuality remains small compared to the others. This is saturated by an infinite tower of axial vector mesons, and their numerical contribution to the muon <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mrow><mi>g</mi><mo>−</mo><mn>2</mn></mrow></math> in AdS/QCD models agrees rather well with a recent dispersive analysis. However, in AdS/QCD, the longitudinal short-distance constraint where all virtualities are large turns out to be matched only at the level of 81%. In this Letter we show that tensor mesons, whose contribution to the muon <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mi>g</mi><mo>−</mo><mn>2</mn></math> has recently been found to be underestimated, can fill this gap because in holographic QCD their infinite tower of excited mesons only contributes to the symmetric longitudinal short-distance constraint. Numerically, they give rise to a sizeable positive contribution from the low-energy region below 1.5 GeV, a small one from the mixed region, and a negligible one from the high-energy region, which could explain the remaining gap between the most recent dispersive and lattice results for the complete hadronic light-by-light contribution.</p>

Austria

Jonas Mager

Luigi Cappiello

Josef Leutgeb

Anton Rebhan

Longitudinal Short-Distance Constraints on Hadronic Light-by-Light Scattering and Tensor-Meson Contributions to the Muon <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mrow><mi>g</mi><mo>−</mo><mn>2</mn></mrow></math>