The Gamow shell model (GSM) framework is extended to the study of weakly bound hypernuclei. As an initial application, we investigate the neutron-rich He hyper-isotopes from <math altimg='si1.svg'><msubsup><mrow /><mrow><mi mathvariant='normal'>&#923;</mi></mrow><mrow><mn>6</mn></mrow></msubsup></math>He to <math altimg='si2.svg'><msubsup><mrow /><mrow><mi mathvariant='normal'>&#923;</mi></mrow><mrow><mn>9</mn></mrow></msubsup></math>He, accurately treating the unbound or loosely bound character of hypernuclear many-body states. The energy spectra, calculated using a phenomenological Hamiltonian with an effective <italic>YN</italic> interaction, show good agreement with available experimental data. In particular, neutron-emitting resonant states are predicted for the neutron-rich nuclei 5&#8722;8He and the hypernucleus <math altimg='si1.svg'><msubsup><mrow /><mrow><mi mathvariant='normal'>&#923;</mi></mrow><mrow><mn>6</mn></mrow></msubsup></math>He. Furthermore, neutron densities exhibit the long-range character of weakly bound and resonant states. This study demonstrates that GSM is a practical tool for describing the complex structure of hypernuclei, especially for those close to drip lines.

China

Xin Li

Nicolas Michel

Jianguo Li

Xian-Rong Zhou

Gamow shell model description of neutron-rich He hyper-isotopes

We investigate Λ production in the ( <math altimg='si146.svg'><msup><mrow><mi>&#960;</mi></mrow><mrow><mo linebreak='badbreak' linebreakstyle='after'>+</mo></mrow></msup></math>, <math altimg='si3.svg'><msup><mrow><mi>K</mi></mrow><mrow><mo linebreak='badbreak' linebreakstyle='after'>+</mo></mrow></msup></math>) reaction on a 6Li target at <math altimg='si4.svg'><msub><mrow><mi>p</mi></mrow><mrow><msup><mrow><mi>&#960;</mi></mrow><mrow><mo linebreak='badbreak' linebreakstyle='after'>+</mo></mrow></msup></mrow></msub><mo linebreak='goodbreak' linebreakstyle='after'>=</mo><mn>1.05</mn></math> GeV/ <italic>c</italic>, using the distorted-wave impulse approximation (DWIA) with the Fermi-averaged <math altimg='si5.svg'><msup><mrow><mi>&#960;</mi></mrow><mrow><mo linebreak='badbreak' linebreakstyle='after'>+</mo></mrow></msup><mi>n</mi><mo stretchy='false'>&#8594;</mo><msup><mrow><mi>K</mi></mrow><mrow><mo linebreak='badbreak' linebreakstyle='after'>+</mo></mrow></msup><mi mathvariant='normal'>&#923;</mi></math> amplitudes. The calculated spectrum is in good agreement with the experimental data, suggesting that <math altimg='si1.svg'><mmultiscripts><mrow><mi mathvariant='normal'>He</mi></mrow><mprescripts /><mrow><mi mathvariant='normal'>&#923;</mi></mrow><mrow><mn>4</mn></mrow></mmultiscripts></math>- <italic>d</italic> configurations play a key role in describing the &#923; continuum states of <math altimg='si23.svg'><msubsup><mrow /><mrow><mi mathvariant='normal'>&#923;</mi></mrow><mrow><mn>6</mn></mrow></msubsup></math>Li near and above the <math altimg='si8.svg'><mmultiscripts><mrow><mi mathvariant='normal'>He</mi></mrow><mprescripts /><none /><mrow><mn>3</mn></mrow></mmultiscripts><mo linebreak='goodbreak' linebreakstyle='after'>+</mo><mi>d</mi><mo linebreak='goodbreak' linebreakstyle='after'>+</mo><mi mathvariant='normal'>&#923;</mi></math> threshold. Our analysis shows that the <math altimg='si1.svg'><mmultiscripts><mrow><mi mathvariant='normal'>He</mi></mrow><mprescripts /><mrow><mi mathvariant='normal'>&#923;</mi></mrow><mrow><mn>4</mn></mrow></mmultiscripts></math> hypernucleus as a hyperfragment is prominently produced through <italic>D</italic>-wave resonances with <math altimg='si9.svg'><msup><mrow><mi>J</mi></mrow><mrow><mi>P</mi></mrow></msup><mo linebreak='goodbreak' linebreakstyle='after'>=</mo><msup><mrow><mn>3</mn></mrow><mrow><mo linebreak='badbreak' linebreakstyle='after'>+</mo></mrow></msup></math>, <math altimg='si10.svg'><msup><mrow><mn>2</mn></mrow><mrow><mo linebreak='badbreak' linebreakstyle='after'>+</mo></mrow></msup></math>, and <math altimg='si11.svg'><msup><mrow><mn>1</mn></mrow><mrow><mo linebreak='badbreak' linebreakstyle='after'>+</mo></mrow></msup></math> in the <math altimg='si108.svg'><mmultiscripts><mrow><mi mathvariant='normal'>He</mi></mrow><mprescripts /><mrow><mi mathvariant='normal'>&#923;</mi></mrow><mrow><mn>4</mn></mrow></mmultiscripts><mo linebreak='goodbreak' linebreakstyle='after'>+</mo><mi>d</mi></math> channel at a large momentum transfer <math altimg='si13.svg'><mi>q</mi><mo>&#8771;</mo><mn>360</mn></math>&#8211;400 MeV/ <italic>c</italic>. These findings provide theoretical evidence for the production of a <math altimg='si1.svg'><mmultiscripts><mrow><mi mathvariant='normal'>He</mi></mrow><mprescripts /><mrow><mi mathvariant='normal'>&#923;</mi></mrow><mrow><mn>4</mn></mrow></mmultiscripts></math> hyperfragment via a cluster-like mechanism in the 6Li( <math altimg='si146.svg'><msup><mrow><mi>&#960;</mi></mrow><mrow><mo linebreak='badbreak' linebreakstyle='after'>+</mo></mrow></msup></math>, <math altimg='si3.svg'><msup><mrow><mi>K</mi></mrow><mrow><mo linebreak='badbreak' linebreakstyle='after'>+</mo></mrow></msup></math>) reaction.

Japan

Toru Harada

Yoshiharu Hirabayashi

Evidence for <math altimg='si1.svg'><mmultiscripts><mrow><mi mathvariant='normal'>He</mi></mrow><mprescripts /><mrow><mi mathvariant='normal'>&#923;</mi></mrow><mrow><mn>4</mn></mrow></mmultiscripts></math> hyperfragment production in the 6Li( <italic>&#960;</italic> +, <italic>K</italic> +) reaction

General one-loop formulas for loop-induced processes $gg/\gamma \gamma \rightarrow \phi_i\phi_j$ with $\phi_i\phi_j = hh,~hH,~HH$ are presented in this paper. The analytic expressions evaluated in this study are valid for a class of Higgs Extensions of the Standard Model, $\textit{e.g.,}$ Inert Doublet Higgs, Two Higgs Doublet, Zee-Babu, and Triplet Higgs Models$\textit{.}$ Analytic expressions for one-loop form factors are expressesd in terms of the basic scalar one-loop two-, three-, and four-point functions following the output format of the packages $ {\tt LoopTools}$ and $ {\tt Collier}$ . Hence, physical results can be evaluated numerically using one of these packages. The analytic results are tested using several checks such as the ultraviolet finiteness and infrared finiteness of the one-loop amplitudes. Furthermore, the amplitudes obey the ward identity due to massless gauge bosons in the initial states. This identity is also verified numerically. Regarding applications, we present the phenomenological results for the investigated processes in the Zee-Babu model as a typical example. In particular, production cross-sections for the processes $\gamma \gamma\rightarrow hh$ are scanned over the parameter space of the Zee-Babu Model.

Vietnam

Khiem Hong Phan

Dzung Tri Tran

Thanh Huy Nguyen

One-loop analytical expressions for $\textit{gg}$/$\textit{γγ}$ → ϕ$_{i}$ϕ$_{j}$ in Higgs extensions of the standard model and their applications * This research is supported by Vietnam National Foundation for Science and Technology Development (103.01-2023.16). Khiem Hong Phan and Dzung Tri Tran express their gratitude to all the valuable support from Duy Tan University, for the 30th anniversary of establishment (Nov. 11, 1994 - Nov. 11, 2024) towards ''Integral, Sustainable and Stable Development''

Observations of anomalous angular correlations in electron-positron pairs produced from excited states of <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mmultiscripts><mi>He</mi><mprescripts></mprescripts><none></none><mn>4</mn></mmultiscripts><mo>,</mo><mo> </mo><mmultiscripts><mi>Be</mi><mprescripts></mprescripts><none></none><mn>8</mn></mmultiscripts></math>, and <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mmultiscripts><mi mathvariant="normal">C</mi><mprescripts></mprescripts><none></none><mn>12</mn></mmultiscripts></math> nuclei have been suggested as being due to the creation and subsequent decay of a new light particle of mass <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mrow><mo>∼</mo><mn>17</mn><mspace width="0.16em"></mspace><mi>MeV</mi></mrow></math>. In this work, we investigate the possibility that the source of the observed signals is a set of new excitation channels created by the 12-quark hidden-color Fock state within the <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mrow><mmultiscripts><mi>He</mi><mprescripts></mprescripts><none></none><mrow><mn>4</mn></mrow></mmultiscripts></mrow></math> nuclear wave function dubbed the “hexadiquark.” We calculate the invariant <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mrow><msup><mi>e</mi><mo>+</mo></msup><msup><mi>e</mi><mo>−</mo></msup></mrow></math> mass spectrum for the electromagnetic transition from a new excitation of <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mmultiscripts><mi>He</mi><mprescripts></mprescripts><none></none><mn>4</mn></mmultiscripts></math>, estimating its differential and total decay width. We find that we can fit the shape of the anomalous signal with the QCD Fock state at excitation energy <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mrow><msup><mi>E</mi><mo>*</mo></msup><mo>=</mo><mn>17.9</mn><mo>±</mo><mn>1</mn><mspace width="0.16em"></mspace><mi>MeV</mi></mrow></math> and a Gaussian form factor for the electromagnetic decay. We address the physical issues with the fit parameters using properties of the hexadiquark state, in particular the three weakly repulsive <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><msub><mn>6</mn><mi>C</mi></msub></math> interactions of <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><msub><mrow><mi>SU</mi><mo>(</mo><mn>3</mn><mo>)</mo></mrow><mi>C</mi></msub></math> between diquark pairs. Experimental tests of our model are described in detail. In light of this work, we emphasize the need for independent experimental confirmation or refutation of the ATOMKI results as well as dedicated experiments to search for the proposed new excitations of <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mmultiscripts><mi>He</mi><mprescripts></mprescripts><none></none><mn>4</mn></mmultiscripts></math> and other <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>α</mi></math>-cluster nuclei.

United States

Valery Kubarovsky

Jennifer Rittenhouse West

Stanley J. Brodsky

Quantum chromodynamics resolution of the ATOMKI anomaly in <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mmultiscripts><mi>He</mi><mprescripts></mprescripts><none></none><mn>4</mn></mmultiscripts></math> nuclear transitions

Superfluid <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mrow><mmultiscripts><mrow><mi>He</mi></mrow><mprescripts></mprescripts><none></none><mrow><mn>4</mn></mrow></mmultiscripts></mrow></math> is an ideal candidate for the direct detection of light dark matter via nuclear recoils thanks to its low nuclear mass and the possibility to reach a low-detection-energy threshold by exploiting the generated quasiparticles. The design of future detectors based on this target, such as the DELight experiment, requires a proper understanding of the formation and partitioning of the signal for different energy depositions from various sources. This work presents an overview of the physical processes involved in the energy deposition of recoiling electrons and ions, and it describes a Monte Carlo approach to the partitioning of the signal into different channels. Despite an overall good agreement with existing literature, differences in the region of interest for light dark matter searches below 200 eV are observed.

Germany

Francesco Toschi

Axel Brunold

Lea Burmeister

Klaus Eitel

Christian Enss

Eleanor Fascione

Torben Ferber

Rahel Gabriel

Lena Hauswald

Felix Kahlhoefer

Sebastian Kempf

Markus Klute

Belina von Krosigk

Sebastian Lindemann

United Kingdom

Benedikt Maier

Marc Schumann

Melih Solmaz

Kathrin Valerius

Friedrich Carl Wagner

Signal partitioning in superfluid <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mrow><mmultiscripts><mrow><mi>He</mi></mrow><mprescripts></mprescripts><none></none><mn>4</mn></mmultiscripts></mrow></math>: A Monte Carlo approach

We study the structure of scattering amplitudes of massive Kaluza-Klein (KK) states in the compactified 5-dimensional warped gauge and gravity theories. We present systematic formulations of the gauge theory equivalence theorem (GAET) and the gravitational equivalence theorem (GRET) for warped KK theories in gauge, where the GAET connects the scattering amplitudes of longitudinal KK gauge bosons to that of the corresponding KK Goldstone bosons and the GRET connects the scattering amplitudes of KK gravitons of helicity-zero (helicity-one) to that of the corresponding gravitational scalar (vector) KK Goldstone bosons. We analyze the structure of 3-point and 4-point scattering amplitudes of massive KK gauge bosons and of massive KK gravitons as well as of the KK Goldstone bosons at tree level. We first prove the GAET and GRET explicitly for the fundamental 3-point KK gauge/gravity scattering amplitudes. We then demonstrate that the validity of the GAET and GRET for 4-point gauge/gravity scattering amplitudes can be reduced to the validity of GAET and GRET for 3-point gauge/gravity scattering amplitudes. With these, we study the double-copy construction of KK scattering amplitudes in the warped gauge/gravity theories. We newly realize the double-copy for massive 3-point full gauge/gravity amplitudes under the color-kinematics correspondence and the gauge-gravity coupling correspondence at tree level, whereas we can construct extended double-copy for 4-point KK gauge/gravity scattering amplitudes to the leading order (LO) of high energy expansion. We further demonstrate that this LO double-copy construction can be extended to -point KK scattering amplitudes with ⩾ 4.

Yanfeng Hang

Wei-Wei Zhao

Hong-Jian He

Yin-Long Qiu

Structure of massive gauge/gravity scattering amplitudes, equivalence theorems, and extended double-copy with compactified warped space

Neutral triple gauge couplings (nTGCs) are a manifestation of new physics beyond the Standard Model (SM), as they are absent in the SM and are first generated by dimension-8 operators in the SM effective field theory (SMEFT). We study the UV completion of nTGCs in a renormalizable model with vectorlike heavy fermions. We compute the one-loop heavy fermion contributions to nTGC vertices by matching them to dimension-8 operators in the low energy limit. Such fermion loops contain either heavy fermions only or mixture of heavy fermions with light SM fermions. We find that their contributions can induce dimension-8 nTGC effective operators containing two SM Higgs-doublet fields, which are formulated with a complete set of 7 dimension-8 operators generating off-shell <math><mi>C</mi><mi>P</mi></math>-even nTGCs. We present the results in terms of SMEFT coefficients and in terms of nTGC vertices (form factors) with two on-shell gauge bosons. In the heavy-light mixing case there appear terms that cannot be accommodated by conventional parametrizations of form factors due to extra logarithmic corrections. We further discuss the implications for probing such UV dynamics via nTGCs at high-energy colliders.

CERN

John Ellis

Rui-Qing Xiao

Shi-Ping Zeng

Jiaming Zheng

UV completion of neutral triple gauge couplings

Precise direct cosmic-ray (CR) measurements provide an important probe to study the energetic particle sources in our Galaxy, and the interstellar environment through which these particles propagate. Uncertainties on hadronic models, ion-nucleon cross sections in particular, are currently the limiting factor toward obtaining more accurate CR ion flux measurements with calorimetric space-based experiments. We present an energy-dependent measurement of the inelastic cross section of protons and helium-4 nuclei (alpha particles) on a <math><mrow><msub><mrow><mi>Bi</mi></mrow><mrow><mn>4</mn></mrow></msub></mrow></math><math><msub><mtext>Ge</mtext><mn>3</mn></msub><msub><mi>O</mi><mn>12</mn></msub></math> target, using 88 months of data collected by the DAMPE space mission. The kinetic energy range per nucleon of the measurement points ranges from 18 GeV to 9 TeV for protons, and from <math><mrow><mn>5</mn><mtext> </mtext><mi>GeV</mi><mo>/</mo><mi>n</mi></mrow></math> to <math><mrow><mn>3</mn><mtext> </mtext><mtext> </mtext><mi>TeV</mi><mo>/</mo><mi>n</mi></mrow></math> for helium-4 nuclei. Our results lead to a significant improvement of the CR flux normalization. In the case of helium-4, these results correspond to the first cross section measurements on a heavy target material at energies above <math><mrow><mn>10</mn><mtext> </mtext><mi>GeV</mi><mo>/</mo><mi>n</mi></mrow></math>.

Italy

F. Alemanno

Q. An

Switzerland

P. Azzarello

F. C. T. Barbato

P. Bernardini

X. J. Bi

I. Cagnoli

M. S. Cai

E. Casilli

E. Catanzani

J. Chang

D. Y. Chen

J. L. Chen

Z. F. Chen

P. Coppin

M. Y. Cui

T. S. Cui

Y. X. Cui

H. T. Dai

A. De Benedittis

I. De Mitri

F. de Palma

A. Di Giovanni

Q. Ding

T. K. Dong

Z. X. Dong

G. Donvito

D. Droz

J. L. Duan

K. K. Duan

R. R. Fan

Y. Z. Fan

F. Fang

K. Fang

C. Q. Feng

L. Feng

J. M. Frieden

P. Fusco

M. Gao

F. Gargano

K. Gong

Y. Z. Gong

D. Y. Guo

J. H. Guo

S. X. Han

Y. M. Hu

G. S. Huang

X. Y. Huang

Y. Y. Huang

M. Ionica

L. Y. Jiang

Y. Z. Jiang

W. Jiang

J. Kong

A. Kotenko

D. Kyratzis

S. J. Lei

W. H. Li

W. L. Li

X. Li

X. Q. Li

Y. M. Liang

C. M. Liu

H. Liu

J. Liu

S. B. Liu

Y. Liu

F. Loparco

C. N. Luo

M. Ma

P. X. Ma

T. Ma

X. Y. Ma

G. Marsella

M. N. Mazziotta

D. Mo

X. Y. Niu

X. Pan

A. Parenti

W. X. Peng

X. Y. Peng

C. Perrina

E. Putti-Garcia

R. Qiao

J. N. Rao

A. Ruina

R. Sarkar

P. Savina

A. Serpolla

Z. Shangguan

W. H. Shen

Z. Q. Shen

Z. T. Shen

L. Silveri

J. X. Song

M. Stolpovskiy

H. Su

Hong Kong

M. Su

H. R. Sun

Z. Y. Sun

Hadronic cross section measurements with the DAMPE space mission using 20 GeV-10 TeV cosmic-ray protons and <math><mrow><mmultiscripts><mrow><mi>He</mi></mrow><mprescripts></mprescripts><none></none><mrow><mn>4</mn></mrow></mmultiscripts></mrow></math>

In <math><mrow><mrow><mmultiscripts><mrow><mi>He</mi></mrow><mprescripts></mprescripts><none></none><mrow><mn>3</mn></mrow></mmultiscripts></mrow><mtext>−</mtext><mi>B</mi></mrow></math>, two atoms pair in an orbital angular momentum 1 spin triplet state above the phase transition temperature with <math><mi>S</mi><mi>O</mi><mo>(</mo><mn>3</mn><mo>)</mo><mo>×</mo><mi>S</mi><mi>O</mi><mo>(</mo><mn>3</mn><mo>)</mo></math> symmetry. Below the transition temperature, this symmetry is spontaneously broken to the diagonal <math><mi>S</mi><mi>O</mi><mo>(</mo><mn>3</mn><mo>)</mo></math> due to spin-orbit coupling. Considerations based on effective potentials and solitons show that <math><mi>S</mi><mi>O</mi><mo>(</mo><mn>3</mn><mo>)</mo></math>’s get enhanced to <math><mi>S</mi><mi>U</mi><mo>(</mo><mn>3</mn><mo>)</mo></math>’s and the symmetry breaking is that of <math><mi>G</mi><mo>=</mo><mi>S</mi><mi>U</mi><mo>(</mo><mn>3</mn><mo>)</mo><mo>×</mo><mi>S</mi><mi>U</mi><mo>(</mo><mn>3</mn><mo>)</mo><mo>×</mo><mi>U</mi><mo>(</mo><mn>1</mn><mo>)</mo></math> to <math><mi>H</mi><mo>=</mo><mi>S</mi><mi>U</mi><mo>(</mo><mn>3</mn><mo>)</mo></math>. The theory of the resultant Goldstone modes can be naturally formulated as a gauge theory of <math><mi>H</mi></math>. Its Gauss law is treated here and shown to lead to surface states in a container with a dynamics governed by large gauge transformations. Observable consequences are pointed out. The transference of the analysis to the chiral model of QCD is pointed out where <math><mi>S</mi><mi>U</mi><mo>(</mo><mn>3</mn><mo>)</mo></math> are the left and right chiral groups, <math><mi>U</mi><mo>(</mo><mn>1</mn><mo>)</mo></math> is the axial <math><mi>U</mi><mo>(</mo><mn>1</mn><mo>)</mo></math>, the surviving symmetry is flavor <math><mi>S</mi><mi>U</mi><mo>(</mo><mn>3</mn><mo>)</mo></math>, and the Goldstone modes are the pions.

A. P. Balachandran

Non-Abelian gauge theory for surface excitations of <math><mrow><mrow><mmultiscripts><mrow><mi>He</mi></mrow><mprescripts></mprescripts><none></none><mrow><mn>3</mn></mrow></mmultiscripts></mrow><mtext>−</mtext><mi>B</mi></mrow></math>

The $^{3}$He<math><msup><mrow><mo>(</mo><mi>α</mi><mo>,</mo><mi>γ</mi><mo>)</mo></mrow><mrow><mn>7</mn></mrow></msup></math>Be radiative capture reaction plays a key role in the creation of elements in stars as well as in the production of solar neutrinos, the observation of which is one of the main tools to study the properties of our sun. Since accurate experimental measurements of this fusion cross section at solar energies are difficult due to the strong Coulomb repulsion between the reactants, the onus falls on theory to provide a robust means for extrapolating from the region where experimental data is available down to the desired astrophysical regime. We present the first microscopic calculations of $^{3}$He<math><msup><mrow><mo>(</mo><mi>α</mi><mo>,</mo><mi>γ</mi><mo>)</mo></mrow><mrow><mn>7</mn></mrow></msup></math>Be with explicit inclusion of three-nucleon forces. Our prediction of the astrophysical S factor qualitatively agrees with experimental data. We further incorporate experimental bound-state and scattering information in our calculation to arrive at a more quantitative description. This process reveals that our current model lacks sufficient repulsion in the <math><mn>1</mn><mo>/</mo><msup><mrow><mn>2</mn></mrow><mrow><mo>+</mo></mrow></msup></math> channel of our model space to simultaneously reproduce elastic-scattering data. This deficit suggests that $^{3}$He<math><msup><mrow><mo>(</mo><mi>α</mi><mo>,</mo><mi>γ</mi><mo>)</mo></mrow><mrow><mn>7</mn></mrow></msup></math>Be probes aspects of the nuclear force that are not currently well-constrained.

M.C. Atkinson

K. Kravvaris

S. Quaglioni

Canada

P. Navrátil

Calculation of the He( , ) Be astrophysical S factor with chiral two- and three-nucleon forces