We consider a generic class of effective quantum field theories with arbitrary gauge groups and scalar matter fields. In such theories, we derive the one-loop Renormalization Group Equations (RGEs) for the physical dimension-six operators. The present paper is the first one in a series that is going to cover theories with spin- $$ \frac{1}{2} $$ matter fields, too, including the phenomenologically most relevant SMEFT and LEFT cases. Our present approach provides tools for deriving the yet unknown two-loop RGEs in the SMEFT.

Poland

Mikołaj Misiak

Ignacy Nałȩcz

One-loop renormalization group equations in generic effective field theories. Part I. Bosonic operators

The influence of a dark energy fluid on the equation of state of neutron stars is investigated. A detailed analysis is conducted for such models, including the computation of the moment of inertia, the quadrupole moment, and the tidal Love number. The results demonstrate that these quantities are interconnected through the well-known equation of state independent I-Love-Q relations. This work extends the applicability of these universal relations to a broader class of neutron star models.

Spain

Simone D’Onofrio

I-Love-Q relations for neutron stars with dark energy

We study the discovery potential for a light Higgs boson via <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mrow><mi>g</mi><mi>g</mi><mo stretchy="false">→</mo><msub><mrow><mi>H</mi></mrow><mrow><mi>SM</mi><mtext>−</mtext><mi>like</mi></mrow></msub><mo stretchy="false">→</mo><mi>h</mi><mi>h</mi><mo stretchy="false">→</mo><mi>b</mi><mover accent="true"><mrow><mi>b</mi></mrow><mrow><mo stretchy="false">¯</mo></mrow></mover><mi>γ</mi><mi>γ</mi></mrow></math> process at the Large Hadron Collider (LHC). Focusing on the 2-Higgs Doublet Model Type-I, which can accommodate light neutral Higgs states, of <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mi mathvariant="script">O</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mn>100</mn><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mtext> </mtext><mtext> </mtext><mi>GeV</mi></math> or less in mass, while agreeing with theoretical and up-to-date experimental constraints, we explore the feasibility of a light <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mi>C</mi><mi>P</mi></math>-even Higgs state <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mi>h</mi></math> via the largely unexplored final state <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mi>b</mi><mover accent="true"><mi>b</mi><mo stretchy="false">¯</mo></mover><mi>γ</mi><mi>γ</mi></math> at Run-3 of the LHC. We further propose a few benchmark points for future searches.

Taiwan

Morocco

A. Arhrib

United Kingdom

Sweden

S. Moretti

S. Semlali

C.H. Shepherd-Themistocleous

China

Y. Wang

Q.S. Yan

Probing a 2HDM type-I light Higgs state via <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><msub><mi>H</mi><mrow><mi>SM</mi></mrow></msub><mo stretchy="false">→</mo><mi>h</mi><mi>h</mi><mo stretchy="false">→</mo><mi>b</mi><mover accent="true"><mi>b</mi><mo stretchy="false">¯</mo></mover><mi>γ</mi><mi>γ</mi></math> at the LHC

In this paper, we study the full Higgs branch Hasse diagrams for any given 6d $$ \mathcal{N} $$ = (1$\textit{,}$ 0) SCFTs constructed via F-theory. This can be done by a procedure of determining all the minimal Higgsings on the generalized quivers of the 6d SCFTs. We call this procedure the atomic Higgsing, which can be implemented iteratively. We present our general algorithm with many concrete examples of Hasse diagrams. We also compare our algorithm with the Higgsings determined by the 3d $$ \mathcal{N} $$ = 4 magnetic quivers. For the cases where the magnetic quivers are unitary, we can reproduce the full Hasse diagrams. We also construct the orthosymplectic magnetic quivers from the Type IIA brane systems for some new examples. Our approach, based on F-theory, applies to the known and new orthosymplectic cases, as well as theories that do not have known descriptions in terms of magnetic quivers. We expect our geometry-based approach to help extend the horizon of the RG flows of the 6d SCFTs.

Japan

Jiakang Bao

Hao Zhang

Atomic Higgsings of 6D SCFTs. Part I

We present a complete proof of the Weak Gravity Conjecture in any perturbative bosonic string theory in spacetime dimension $\textit{D}$ ≥ 6. Our proof works by relating the black hole extremality bound to long range forces, which are more easily calculated on the worldsheet, closing the gaps in partial arguments in the existing literature. We simultaneously establish a strict, sublattice form of the conjecture in the same class of theories. We close by discussing the scope and limitations of our analysis, along with possible extensions including an upcoming generalization of our work to the superstring.

United States

Ben Heidenreich

South Korea

Matteo Lotito

Proving the Weak Gravity Conjecture in perturbative string theory. Part I. The bosonic string

We propose an entropy function for <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mrow><msub><mrow><mi>AdS</mi></mrow><mrow><mn>4</mn></mrow></msub></mrow></math> BPS black holes in M theory with general magnetic charges, resolving in particular a long-standing puzzle about baryonic charges. The entropy function is constructed from a gravitational block defined solely in terms of topological data of the internal manifold. We show that the entropy of twisted black holes can always be reformulated as an <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mi mathvariant="script">I</mi></math>-extremization problem—even in cases where existing large-<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mi>N</mi></math> field theory computations fail to provide an answer. Furthermore, we correctly reproduce the entropy for a class of known black holes with purely baryonic magnetic charges. Our results offer both a conjecture for the general gravitational block for <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mrow><msub><mrow><mi>AdS</mi></mrow><mrow><mn>4</mn></mrow></msub></mrow></math> black holes in M theory and a prediction for the large-<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mi>N</mi></math> limit of several partition functions whose saddle points have yet to be found.

Seyed Morteza Hosseini

Italy

Alberto Zaffaroni

<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mrow><mi mathvariant="script">I</mi></mrow></math> Extremization with Baryonic Charges

This paper investigates the search for heavy neutral leptons (HNL) in the type I seesaw mechanism at the Future Circular Collider in its $\textit{e}$ $\textit{e}$ stage (FCC-ee), considering a luminosity of 125 ab collected at $$ \sqrt{s} $$ = 91$\textit{.}$2 GeV. The study examines two generations of heavy neutral leptons produced in association with Standard Model (SM) neutrinos and decaying to a purely leptonic final state. This theoretical framework can explain neutrino oscillations and other open questions of the SM, providing a broader perspective on the relevance of this experimental search. The analysis is performed using a fast simulation of the IDEA detector concept to study potential HNL interactions at the FCC-ee. The sensitivity contours are obtained from a selection of kinematic variables aimed at improving the signal-to-background ratio for the prompt production case. In the case of long-lived HNLs, the background can be almost fully eliminated by exploiting their displaced decay vertices. The study shows that the FCC-ee has a significant sensitivity to observing these objects in a region of the phase space not accessible by other experiments.

S. Ajmal

P. Azzi

Germany

S. Giappichini

M. Klute

O. Panella

M. Presilla

X. Zuo

Searching for type I seesaw mechanism in a two heavy neutral leptons scenario at FCC-ee

General one-loop formulas for loop-induced processes $gg/\gamma \gamma \rightarrow \phi_i\phi_j$ with $\phi_i\phi_j = hh,~hH,~HH$ are presented in this paper. The analytic expressions evaluated in this study are valid for a class of Higgs Extensions of the Standard Model, $\textit{e.g.,}$ Inert Doublet Higgs, Two Higgs Doublet, Zee-Babu, and Triplet Higgs Models$\textit{.}$ Analytic expressions for one-loop form factors are expressesd in terms of the basic scalar one-loop two-, three-, and four-point functions following the output format of the packages $ {\tt LoopTools}$ and $ {\tt Collier}$ . Hence, physical results can be evaluated numerically using one of these packages. The analytic results are tested using several checks such as the ultraviolet finiteness and infrared finiteness of the one-loop amplitudes. Furthermore, the amplitudes obey the ward identity due to massless gauge bosons in the initial states. This identity is also verified numerically. Regarding applications, we present the phenomenological results for the investigated processes in the Zee-Babu model as a typical example. In particular, production cross-sections for the processes $\gamma \gamma\rightarrow hh$ are scanned over the parameter space of the Zee-Babu Model.

Vietnam

Khiem Hong Phan

Dzung Tri Tran

Thanh Huy Nguyen

One-loop analytical expressions for $\textit{gg}$/$\textit{γγ}$ → ϕ$_{i}$ϕ$_{j}$ in Higgs extensions of the standard model and their applications * This research is supported by Vietnam National Foundation for Science and Technology Development (103.01-2023.16). Khiem Hong Phan and Dzung Tri Tran express their gratitude to all the valuable support from Duy Tan University, for the 30th anniversary of establishment (Nov. 11, 1994 - Nov. 11, 2024) towards ''Integral, Sustainable and Stable Development''

The need for quenching of the weak axial-vector coupling in calculations involving weak processes in nuclei is a well-known and long-standing problem arising from several contributing factors. Theoretical studies in momentum exchanges beyond that of typical <italic>&#946;</italic> decays have been hindered in the past by lack of experimental results. To this end, the recent measurement of inelastic scattering cross section of electron neutrinos from the stopped-pion neutrino source at Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL), impinging on 127I, by the COHERENT collaboration [P. An et al., Phys. Rev. Lett. 131, 221801 (2023)] offers a rare opportunity for such a study. We compute this cross section by employing the microscopic quasiparticle-phonon model, based on nuclear excitations produced by the quasiparticle random-phase approximation (QRPA) and the related microscopic effective Hamiltonian based on a G-matrix approach. In the computations we include the meson-exchange two-body currents at the level of effective one-body currents. Comparison of the measured and computed cross sections allows us for the first time to go beyond the <italic>&#946;</italic>-decay studies of P. Gysbers et al. [Nat. Phys. 15, 428 (2019)] in separating the contributions coming from the two-body currents and the nuclear many-body approach to the quenching of the weak axial-vector coupling <math altimg='si1.svg'><msub><mrow><mi>g</mi></mrow><mrow><mi mathvariant='normal'>A</mi></mrow></msub></math> for a medium-mass open-shell nucleus in a momentum-exchange region relevant for, e.g., the neutrinoless double <italic>&#946;</italic> decay.

Finland

M. Hellgren

Romania

J. Suhonen

Quenching of the weak axial coupling derived from the scattering of stopped-pion neutrinos on 127I

It is well-established that compactifying type I string theory on a circle <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><msup><mi>S</mi><mrow><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mn>1</mn><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></mrow></msup></math> transforms the theory under T-duality into type I’ theory; the compactification of type IIA string theory on the orbifold <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><msup><mover accent="true"><mi>S</mi><mo stretchy="false">˜</mo></mover><mrow><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mn>1</mn><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></mrow></msup><mo>/</mo><msub><mi mathvariant="double-struck">Z</mi><mn>2</mn></msub></math>, where the <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><msub><mi mathvariant="double-struck">Z</mi><mn>2</mn></msub></math> action combines world sheet parity with spacetime reflection along the dual circle <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><msup><mover accent="true"><mi>S</mi><mo stretchy="false">˜</mo></mover><mrow><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mn>1</mn><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></mrow></msup></math>. We propose that, upon compactification, the untwisted (twisted) sector of the type I effective action should map under the Buscher rules to the untwisted (twisted) sector of the type I’ effective action. This T-duality constraint offers significant insight into the determination of bosonic couplings in the effective action of type IIA theories, specifically those that remain after orbifold reduction, as well as in the untwisted sector of the type I effective action. However, its scope is limited and insufficient to fully determine the couplings within the twisted sectors of type I and type I’ theories. Within this framework, we demonstrate that the leading second-order derivative couplings in untwisted sector of type I and the second-order derivative couplings in type IIA theory are uniquely determined, except for the Chern-Simons term in type IIA, which is absent in the orbifold reduction.

Iran

Mohammad R. Garousi

Exploring effective actions of type I and type IIA string theories through T-duality