We present predictions for the DIS 1-jettiness event shape $$ {\tau}_1^b $$ , or DIS thrust, using the framework of Soft Collinear Effective Theory (SCET) for factorization, resummation of large logarithms, and rigorous treatment of nonperturbative power corrections, matched to fixed-order QCD away from the resummation region. Our predictions reach next-to-next-to-next-to-leading-logarithmic (N LL) accuracy in resummed perturbation theory, matched to $$ \mathcal{O} $$ ( $$ {\alpha}_s^2 $$ ) fixed-order QCD calculations obtained using the program NLOJet++. We include a rigorous treatment of hadronization corrections, which are universal across different event shapes and kinematic variables $\textit{x}$ and $\textit{Q}$ at leading power, and supplement them with a systematic scheme to remove $$ \mathcal{O} $$ (Λ ) renormalon ambiguities in their definition. The framework of SCET allows us to connect smoothly the nonperturbative, resummation, and fixed-order regions, whose relative importance varies with $\textit{x}$ and $\textit{Q}$, and to rigorously estimate theoretical uncertainties, across a broad range of $\textit{x}$ and $\textit{Q}$ covering existing experimental results from HERA as well as expected new measurements from the upcoming Electron- Ion-Collider (EIC). Our predictions will serve as an important benchmark for the EIC program, enabling the precise determination of the QCD strong coupling $\textit{α}$ and the universal nonperturbative first moment parameter Ω .

United States

June-Haak Ee

South Korea

China

Daekyoung Kang

Christopher Lee

Austria

Iain Stewart

Precision DIS thrust predictions for HERA and EIC

We study the chiral condensate at finite temperature in AdS/QCD in a time-dependent background, in which the position of the black hole horizon <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mrow><msub><mrow><mi>z</mi></mrow><mrow><mi>h</mi></mrow></msub></mrow></math> changes with time, producing an increasing or decreasing temperature. Conformal invariance is broken, as in the soft-wall model, by a static quadratic dilaton. Two different scenarios are analyzed; in the first a general power-law time dependence is assumed for <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><msub><mi>z</mi><mi>h</mi></msub></math>, while in the second the energy-momentum tensor at late times reproduces the one found in viscous hydrodynamics. Depending on the rate at which the system evolves, the transition shifts toward lower temperatures. If the chiral condensate is far from equilibrium at low temperatures, oscillations around its equilibrium value are observed before thermalization. A prethermalization stage is found in the chiral limit if the initial condition is set at a temperature close to the critical one. In the hydrodynamic setup the evolution of the medium is slow enough, and the chiral condensate soon matches the equilibrium curve.

Italy

Floriana Giannuzzi

Stefano Nicotri

Out-of-equilibrium chiral condensate in AdS/QCD

We discuss a novel mechanism for the proto-neutron star acceleration assisted by the chiral separation effect, which induces an axial vector current in a dense medium. We consider the process of neutrinos scattering off the background axial vector current of electrons. We show that anisotropy of either magnetic field or density in momentum space is essential for nonzero recoil, and we call this mechanism the chiral anisotropy conversion. Assuming a strong magnetic field <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mrow><mi>B</mi><mo>≃</mo><msup><mrow><mn>10</mn></mrow><mrow><mn>12</mn></mrow></msup><mtext> </mtext><mtext> </mtext><mi mathvariant="normal">T</mi></mrow></math> and anisotropy by <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mo>∼</mo><mn>10</mn><mo>%</mo></math>, we find that the chiral anisotropy conversion can yield the velocity of order of typical pulsar kicks, i.e., <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mrow><msub><mrow><mi>v</mi></mrow><mrow><mi>kick</mi></mrow></msub><mo>≳</mo><mn>1000</mn><mtext> </mtext><mtext> </mtext><mrow><mi>km</mi><mo>/</mo><mi mathvariant="normal">s</mi></mrow></mrow></math>.

Japan

Kenji Fukushima

Chengpeng Yu

Pulsar kick by the chiral anisotropy conversion

We study the phenomenology of choosing a minimal set of effective operators simultaneously generating the dark matter relic density and matter–antimatter asymmetry of the universe. Neutrino masses are obtained in a specific case of baryogenesis via leptogenesis. We find that only two new particles—a heavy unstable fermion and a light dark matter scalar—need to be included in addition to the Standard Model particle content.

Slovakia

Tomáš Blažek

Peter Maták

Ján Ramaj

Martina Sabová

Minimal effective theory for leptogenesis, dark matter, and neutrino masses

This Letter presents the first search for dark matter axions with mass in the ranges <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mrow><mn>76.56</mn></mrow></math> to <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mn>76.82</mn><mtext> </mtext><mtext> </mtext><mrow><mi mathvariant="normal">μ</mi><mi>eV</mi></mrow></math> and <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mrow><mn>79.31</mn></mrow></math> to <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mn>79.53</mn><mtext> </mtext><mtext> </mtext><mrow><mi mathvariant="normal">μ</mi><mi>eV</mi></mrow></math> using a prototype setup for the MAgnetized Disk and Mirror Axion eXperiment (MADMAX). The experimental setup employs a dielectric haloscope consisting of three sapphire disks and a mirror to resonantly enhance the axion-induced microwave signal within the magnetic dipole field provided by the 1.6 T Morpurgo magnet at CERN. Over 14.5 days of data collection, no axion signal was detected. A 95% CL upper limit on the axion-photon coupling strength down to <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mrow><mo stretchy="false">|</mo><msub><mrow><mi>g</mi></mrow><mrow><mi>a</mi><mi>γ</mi></mrow></msub><mo stretchy="false">|</mo><mo>∼</mo><mn>2</mn><mo>×</mo><msup><mrow><mn>10</mn></mrow><mrow><mo>−</mo><mn>11</mn></mrow></msup><mtext> </mtext><mtext> </mtext><msup><mrow><mi>GeV</mi></mrow><mrow><mo>−</mo><mn>1</mn></mrow></msup></mrow></math> is set in the targeted mass ranges, surpassing previous constraints, assuming a local axion dark matter density <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><msub><mi>ρ</mi><mi>a</mi></msub></math> of <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mrow><mn>0.3</mn><mtext> </mtext><mtext> </mtext><mi>GeV</mi><mo>/</mo><msup><mrow><mi>cm</mi></mrow><mrow><mn>3</mn></mrow></msup></mrow></math>. This study marks the first axion dark matter search using a dielectric haloscope.

Germany

B. Ary dos Santos Garcia

D. Bergermann

A. Caldwell

France

V. Dabhi

C. Diaconu

J. Diehl

G. Dvali

J. Egge

E. Garutti

S. Heyminck

F. Hubaut

A. Ivanov

J. Jochum

S. Knirck

M. Kramer

D. Kreikemeyer-Lorenzo

C. Krieger

C. Lee

D. Leppla-Weber

X. Li

A. Lindner

B. Majorovits

J.P.A. Maldonado

A. Martini

A. Miyazaki

E. Öz

P. Pralavorio

G. Raffelt

Spain

J. Redondo

A. Ringwald

J. Schaffran

A. Schmidt

F. Steffen

C. Strandhagen

I. Usherov

H. Wang

G. Wieching

First Search for Axion Dark Matter with a MADMAX Prototype

A crossover involving three-fermion clusters is relevant to the hadron-quark crossover, which, if occurring in a neutron star, could naturally reproduce the dense-matter equation of state recently deduced from simultaneous observations of neutron-star masses and radii. To understand the crossover mechanism, we examine the role of tripling fluctuations induced by the formation of three-fermion clusters. The phase-shift representation of fluctuations manifests an interplay of bound and scattering states, leading to nonmonotonic momentum distributions of baryonlike clusters and peaked sound speed at finite densities. We demonstrate them by applying our approach to a nonrelativistic system of one-dimensional three-color fermions analogous to the hadron-quark matter.

Hiroyuki Tajima

Kei Iida

Toru Kojo

Haozhao Liang

Tripling Fluctuations and Peaked Sound Speed in Fermionic Matter

The experimental search for CP violation in paramagnetic atomic and molecular systems has made impressive progress in recent years. This has led to strong upper limits on the electron electric dipole moment. The same measurements can also be used to constrain hadronic sources of CP violation through CP-violating interactions between the electrons and the nucleus. We employ heavy-baryon chiral perturbation theory to compute such CP-violating semileptonic electron-nucleus interactions arising from the QCD theta term. We sharpen earlier results by determining the relevant short-distance effects and by an explicit two-loop calculation of meson-photon diagrams. We derive a bound of $$ \left|\overline{\theta}\right| $$ < 1.5·10 at 90% confidence, based on HfF experiments at JILA. A further experimental improvement of one to two orders of magnitude would make paramagnetic molecular electric dipole moment experiments competitive with the neutron and diamagnetic atom program in constraining strong CP violation and higher-dimensional CP-odd quark-gluon operators.

Netherlands

Heleen Mulder

Rob Timmermans

Jordy Vries

Probing the QCD $$ \overline{\theta} $$ term with paramagnetic molecules

In this paper, we study the periodic orbits, characterized by zoom-whirl behavior, around a Schwarzschild-like black hole (BH) embedded within a Dehnen-type dark matter (DM) halo. We demonstrate how the DM halo modifies the gravitational dynamics of the black hole, influencing the energy and angular momentum of timelike particle geodesics and enhancing their interaction with the BH. We determine the radii of the marginally bound orbits (MBOs) and innermost stable circular orbits (ISCOs), showing that the DM halo increases both. This provides a deeper understanding of how the DM alters the behavior, energy, and angular momentum of timelike particle geodesics. Furthermore, we explore the gravitational waveforms emitted by a timelike particle in periodic orbits around a supermassive black hole (SMBH) within this BH-DM system. Using a semi-analytical approach, we calculate particle trajectories and derive the corresponding waveforms, demonstrating that the DM halo modifies the zoom-whirl orbital behavior, leading to distinct changes in the waveform structure. Our findings suggest that future gravitational wave (GW) observations could constrain the properties of DM halos surrounding BHs, providing new insights into the gravitational wave signatures arising from the interaction between BH gravity and DM.

Uzbekistan

Mirzabek Alloqulov

Tursunali Xamidov

Azerbaijan

Sanjar Shaymatov

Bobomurat Ahmedov

Gravitational waveforms from periodic orbits around a Schwarzschild black hole embedded in a Dehnen-type dark matter halo

The photon sphere defines the unstable circular orbit of photons in a black hole spacetime. Photons emitted by a source located inside the photon sphere can be gravitationally lensed by the black hole and have time delays when reaching the observer. These delays may lead to light echoes produced in the light curve if an accretion event in the vicinity of the horizon can be observed. In this work, we present fully analytical formulas with high accuracy to describe the change of the azimuthal angle and the travel time of those photons. By employing the analytical approaches, we find that the time delay between photons emitted from the interior of the photon sphere has a typical time scale of $$2(\pi - \phi _\textrm{S}) u_\textrm{m}$$ with $$\phi _\textrm{S}$$ and $$u_\textrm{m}$$ being respectively the azimuthal angle of the source and the impact parameter evaluated at the photon sphere, which can provide some clues on the future search for gravitational lensing signatures in the accretion inflow event.

Yuan-Xing Gao

Analytical description for light propagation with the source inside the black hole photon sphere

In this work we investigate the muon anomalous magnetic dipole moment <math altimg='si1.svg'><msub><mrow><mi>a</mi></mrow><mrow><mi>&#956;</mi></mrow></msub></math> in a model that extends the Standard Model with a scalar triplet and a lepton triplet. Different from previous studies, we find that there is still viable parameter space in this model to explain the discrepancy <math altimg='si2.svg'><mi mathvariant='normal'>&#916;</mi><msub><mrow><mi>a</mi></mrow><mrow><mi>&#956;</mi></mrow></msub><mo linebreak='goodbreak' linebreakstyle='after'>=</mo><msub><mrow><mi>a</mi></mrow><mrow><mi>&#956;</mi></mrow></msub><mo stretchy='false'>(</mo><mrow><mi mathvariant='normal'>Exp</mi></mrow><mo stretchy='false'>)</mo><mo linebreak='goodbreak' linebreakstyle='after'>&#8722;</mo><msub><mrow><mi>a</mi></mrow><mrow><mi>&#956;</mi></mrow></msub><mo stretchy='false'>(</mo><mrow><mi mathvariant='normal'>SM</mi></mrow><mo stretchy='false'>)</mo></math>. While being consistent with the current data of neutrino mass, electroweak precision measurements and the perturbativity of couplings, our model can provide new physics contribution <math altimg='si128.svg'><msubsup><mrow><mi>a</mi></mrow><mrow><mi>&#956;</mi></mrow><mrow><mtext mathvariant='normal'>NP</mtext></mrow></msubsup></math> to cover the central region of <math altimg='si18.svg'><mi mathvariant='normal'>&#916;</mi><msub><mrow><mi>a</mi></mrow><mrow><mi>&#956;</mi></mrow></msub></math> with new scalar and lepton mass as low as around TeV. This mass scale is allowed by the current collider searches for doubly charged scalars and the lepton triplet, and they can be tested at future high energy and/or high luminosity colliders.

Lei Cai

Chengcheng Han

Shi-Ping He

Peiwen Wu

Hybrid Type-II and Type-III seesaw model for the muon <italic>g</italic>&#8239;&#8722;&#8239;2 anomaly