In this study, we investigate the $R^2$ corrections to the dissociation of heavy quarkonium in the Gauss-Bonnet gravitational background. We analyze the impact of the Gauss-Bonnet parameter $\lambda_{\rm GB}$ on the spectral function of charmonium and bottomonium and examine the effect of $\lambda_{\rm GB}$ on the dissociation of heavy quarkonium. Our results show that $\lambda_{\rm GB}$ reduces the peak height and increases the peak width of the spectral function, suggesting that $\lambda_{\rm GB}$ enhances the dissociation of heavy quarkonium. We also discuss the variation in the dissociation of heavy quarkonium with the ratio of shear viscosity to entropy density and observe that the dissociation is easier in more perfect plasma. Additionally, we observe that the temperature decreases the peak height and widens the peak, thereby accelerating the dissociation.

China

Zhou-Run Zhu

Manman Sun

Rui Zhou

Jinzhong Han

$\textit{R}$ $^{2}$ corrections to holographic heavy quarkonium dissociation * Rui Zhou supported by the Science and Technology Development Plan Project of Henan Province, China (242102230085), the National Natural Science Foundation of China (12404470), the High Level Talents Research and Startup Foundation Projects for Doctors of Zhoukou Normal University, China (ZKNUC2023017). Manman Sun supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (12305076). Zhou-Run Zhu supported by the High Level Talents Research and Startup Foundation Projects for Doctors of Zhoukou Normal University, China (ZKNUC2023018)

We study the transverse momentum ( $p_T$ ) differential anisotropic flow and flow fluctuation in Pb+Pb collisions at $\sqrt{s_{_{NN}}}$ =5.02 TeV at the LHC. A (3+1)-dimensional CLVisc hydrodynamics framework with fluctuating TRENTO (or AMPT) initial conditions is utilized to simulate the space-time evolution of the quark-gluon plasma (QGP) medium. The effects of shear viscosity and the sub-nucleon structure on anisotropic flow and flow fluctuation are analyzed. Our result shows that shear viscosity tends to suppress both flow coefficients ( ${v_2\{2}\}$ , ${v_2\{4\}}$ , and ${\langle v_2\rangle}$ ) and flow fluctuation ( ${\sigma_{v_2}}$ ) owing to its smearing effect on local density fluctuation. The flow coefficients appear to be insensitive to the sub-nucleon structure, whereas the flow fluctuation ${\sigma_{v_2}}$ tends to be suppressed by the sub-nucleon structure in central collisions but enhanced in peripheral collisions. After taking into account the sub-nucleon structure effect, our numerical result can qualitatively describe the relative flow fluctuations ( ${v_2\{4\}/v_2\{2\}}$ , $F({v_2})$ ) measured by the ALICE Collaboration at the LHC. We further investigate the effects of shear viscosity, sub-nucleon structure, and initial condition model on the flow angle and flow magnitude decorrelations ( ${A_2^f}$ , ${M_2^f}$ ) using the four-particle correlation method. We find that the flow decorrelation effect is typically stronger in central collisions than in peripheral collisions. The flow angle decorrelation is found to be insensitive to the shear viscosity and sub-nucleon structure, whereas the flow magnitude decorrelation shows quite different behaviors when using the TRENTO and AMPT initial condition models. Our study sheds light on the anisotropic flow, transport properties, and initial structure of the QGP created in high-energy nuclear collisions.

Germany

Jie Zhu

Canada

Xiang-Yu Wu

Guang-You Qin

Anisotropic flow, flow fluctuation, and flow decorrelation in relativistic heavy-ion collisions: the roles of sub-nucleon structure and shear viscosity * Supported in part by the Natural Science Foundation of China (12225503, 11890710, 11890711, 11935007). Zhu Jie is supported in part by the China Scholarship Council (202306770009). Wu Xiang-Yu is supported in part by the National Science Foundation within the framework of the JETSCAPE collaboration (OAC-2004571) and in part by the Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada. Some of the calculations were performed in the Nuclear Science Computing Center at Central China Normal University (NSC$^{3}$), Wuhan, Hubei, China.

To address the longstanding tension between the Constrained Minimal Supersymmetric Standard Model (CMSSM) and recent experimental data, we investigate non-universal gaugino masses within an SU(5) Grand Unified Theory (GUT) framework, focusing on the $$ \overset{\sim }{g} $$ -SUGRA scenario where | | ≫ | | | |. This hierarchy enables a heavier gluino, thereby evading current experimental bounds on supersymmetric particles. Our analysis reveals that precise Higgs measurements place stringent constraints on the model, requiring tan ≳ 5 and ≳ 20 tan GeV Although the $$ \overset{\sim }{g} $$ -SUGRA scenario can help reconcile the persistent ( 2) anomaly, the Higgs constraints significantly restrict its parameter space, making a large contribution to ( 2) challenging. We also assess the discovery prospects in upcoming dark matter direct detection experiments, including PandaX-xT (200 t.y.), LZ (projected), and XENONnT (20 t.y.), which may not fully cover the viable parameter space. In contrast, future collider experiments — such as the High-Luminosity LHC at 3 ab and CLIC at 2 5 ab — can comprehensively probe the remaining regions. These findings highlight $$ \overset{\sim }{g} $$ -SUGRA as a promising solution to the CMSSM tension and offer clear, testable predictions for upcoming collider searches.

Yabo Dong

Kun Wang

Hailong Yuan

Jingya Zhu

Australia

Pengxuan Zhu

Revisiting CMSSM with non-universal gaugino masses under current constraints

In this paper, we introduce the More-Interaction Particle Transformer (MIParT), a novel deep-learning neural network designed for jet tagging. This framework incorporates our own design, the More-Interaction Attention (MIA) mechanism, which increases the dimensionality of particle interaction embeddings. We tested MIParT using the top tagging and quark-gluon datasets. Our results show that MIParT not only matches the accuracy and AUC of LorentzNet and a series of Lorentz-equivariant methods, but also significantly outperforms the ParT model in background rejection. Specifically, it improves background rejection by approximately 25% with a signal efficiency of 30% on the top tagging dataset and by 3% on the quark-gluon dataset. Additionally, MIParT requires only 30% of the parameters and 53% of the computational complexity needed by ParT, proving that high performance can be achieved with reduced model complexity. For very large datasets, we double the dimension of particle embeddings, referring to this variant as MIParT-Large (MIParT-L). We found that MIParT-L can further capitalize on the knowledge from large datasets. From a model pre-trained on the 100M JetClass dataset, the background rejection performance of fine-tuned MIParT-L improves by 39% on the top tagging dataset and by 6% on the quark-gluon dataset, surpassing that of fine-tuned ParT. Specifically, the background rejection of fine-tuned MIParT-L improves by an additional 2% compared to that of fine-tuned ParT. These results suggest that MIParT has the potential to increase the efficiency of benchmarks for jet tagging and event identification in particle physics.

Yifan Wu

Congqiao Li

CERN

Huilin Qu

Jet tagging with more-interaction particle transformer  

In this study, we explored the characteristics of higgsino-dominated dark matter (DM) within the semi-constrained Next-to-Minimal Supersymmetric Standard Model (scNMSSM), covering a mass range from hundreds of GeV to several TeV. We carefully analyzed the parameter space under existing theoretical and experimental constraints to confirm the viability of higgsino-dominated lightest supersymmetric particles (LSPs) with masses between 100 GeV and 4 TeV. Our study examined various DM annihilation mechanisms, emphasizing the significant role of coannihilation with the next-to-lightest supersymmetric particle (NLSP), which includes other higgsino-dominated particles such as   $\tilde{\chi}^{0}_2$   and   $\tilde{\chi}^{0}_2$  . We categorize the annihilation processes into three main classes:   $\tilde{\chi}^{0}_2$   coannihilation, Higgs funnel annihilation, and   $\tilde{\chi}^{0}_2$   coannihilation. Each class combines interactions with   $\tilde{\chi}^{0}_2$  . Our results indicate that achieving the correct relic density in heavier higgsino LSPs requires a combination of coannihilation and Higgs funnel mechanisms. We also assessed the potential of future experiments, such as XENONnT, LUX-ZEPLIN (LZ), PandaX-xT, and the Cherenkov Telescope Array (CTA), to probe these DM scenarios through direct and indirect detections. In particular, future spin-independent DM detections may cover all samples with the correct DM relic density for   $\tilde{\chi}^{0}_2$   GeV. Furthermore, future colliders such as the International Linear Collider (ILC) and Compact Linear Collider (CLIC) are expected to exceed the detection capabilities of current hadron colliders, especially for higher mass NLSPs. Notably, CLIC, which will operate at 3000 GeV, is anticipated to enable thorough investigation of all samples with insufficient DM relic density for   $\tilde{\chi}^{0}_2$   GeV.

Investigating higgsino dark matter in the semi-constrained NMSSM  

In this study, we explore the detectability of heavy Higgs bosons in the   $ pp \to b\bar{b}H/A \to b\bar{b}t\bar{t} $   channel at a 100 TeV hadron collider within the semi-constrained next-to-minimal supersymmetric standard model. We calculate their production cross sections and decay branching ratios and compare them with simulation results from literature. We focus on the heavy doublet-dominated CP-even Higgs H and CP-odd Higgs A, with mass limits set below 10 TeV to ensure detectability. At a collider with an integrated luminosity of 3 ab  $ pp \to b\bar{b}H/A \to b\bar{b}t\bar{t} $  , the potential for detecting heavy Higgs bosons varies significantly with their mass and   $ pp \to b\bar{b}H/A \to b\bar{b}t\bar{t} $  . Heavy Higgs bosons with masses below 2 TeV are within the testable range, while those heavier than 7 TeV are below the exclusion and discovery thresholds, rendering them undetectable. For masses between 2 and 7 TeV, heavy Higgs bosons with   $ pp \to b\bar{b}H/A \to b\bar{b}t\bar{t} $   smaller than 20 can be detected, whereas those with   $ pp \to b\bar{b}H/A \to b\bar{b}t\bar{t} $   larger than 20 are beyond the current discovery or exclusion capabilities.

Pengfu Tian

Exploration of heavy Higgs bosons at a 100 TeV hadron collider withinthe semi-constrained next-to-minimal supersymmetric standard model  

Motivated by experimental hints and theoretical frameworks indicating the existence of an extended Higgs sector, we explore the feasibility of detecting a 95 GeV light Higgs boson decaying into a diphoton within the minimal dilaton model at the 14 TeV LHC. Initially, we identify the correlations between the production cross section, decay branching ratios, and model parameters, e.g., the scalar mixing angle   $ \sin\theta_S $  . Subsequently, we utilize Monte Carlo simulations to generate the signal of the light Higgs boson via the   $ \sin\theta_S $   process, along with the corresponding backgrounds. To effectively separate the signal from the dominant backgrounds   $ \sin\theta_S $  , we employ a meticulous cut-based selection process. Ultimately, we find that with an integrated luminosity of   $ \sin\theta_S $  , the regions of   $ \sin\theta_S $   can be covered over the   $ \sin\theta_S $   level.

95 GeV light Higgs in the top-pair-associated diphoton channel at the LHC in the minimal dilaton model  

In 2018, the CMS collaboration reported a di-photon excess at approximately 95.3 GeV with a local significance of 2.8 σ. Interestingly, the CMS collaboration also recently reported a di-tau excess at   $95- 100$   GeV with a local significance of   $95- 100$  . In addition, a   $95- 100$   excess at 98 GeV with a local significance of 2.3 σ was reported from LEP data approximately twenty years ago. In this study, we addressed the interpretation of these excesses together with a light Higgs boson in the next-to-minimal supersymmetric standard model (NMSSM). We conclude that, in the NMSSM, the   $95- 100$   GeV excesses are difficult to be satisfied simultaneously (not possible globally at the   $95- 100$   level or simultaneously at the   $95- 100$   level). We analyzed two partially-satisfied scenarios: global   $95- 100$   and small di-photon. An approximate equation of global fit to the three excesses was derived, and two representative types of surviving samples were analyzed in detail. Given that the mass regions of these excesses are near the Z boson, we also checked the light Higgs boson in the   $95- 100$  -associated channels. The detailed results may be useful for further checking the low-mass-region excesses in the future.

Weichao Li

Haoxue Qiao

Light Higgs boson in the NMSSM confronted with the CMS di-photon and di-tau excesses  

Light Higgsinos below several hundred GeV are favored or required by the naturalness of low-energy supersymmetry. If only Higgsinos are light while other sparticles are sufficiently heavy, we have the so-called light Higgsino scenario. Confronted with the muon <math><mi>g</mi><mo>−</mo><mn>2</mn></math> data, this scenario is examined in this work. Since in this scenario the lightest sparticle is Higgsino-like, we need to also consider the dark matter constraints. Assuming a light Higgsino mass parameter <math><mi>μ</mi></math> in the range of 100–400 GeV while gaugino mass parameters above TeV, we explore the parameter space under the muon <math><mi>g</mi><mo>−</mo><mn>2</mn></math> data and the dark matter constraints. We find that, to explain the muon <math><mi>g</mi><mo>−</mo><mn>2</mn></math> anomaly at <math><mn>2</mn><mi>σ</mi></math>, the winos and sleptons are, respectively, upper bounded by 3 TeV and 800 GeV. In this case, we find that the light Higgsino-like dark matter can sizably scatter with nucleon and thus the allowed parameter space can be covered almost fully by the future LZ dark matter detection project. We also perform a Monte Carlo simulation to figure out the potential of High-Luminosity Large Hadron Collider (HL-LHC) to detect the light sleptons in this scenario. It turns out that compared with the current LHC limits, the HL-LHC can further cover a part of the parameter space.

Jun Zhao

Rui Zhu

Light Higgsino scenario confronted with the muon <math><mi>g</mi><mo>−</mo><mn>2</mn></math>

Motivated by recent supersymmetry (SUSY) search results, which prefer most SUSY particles to be heavy, and the muon g–2 anomaly, which prefers colorless SUSY particles to be light, we explore the status of a light smuon (the SUSY partner of a left-handed muon lepton) in the next-to-minimal supersymmetric standard model (NMSSM). Assuming colored SUSY particles to be heavy, and considering numerous experimental constraints, including muon g-2, SUSY searches, and dark matter, we scan the parameter space in the NMSSM with   $ \mathbb{Z}_3 $  -symmetry and check the status of colorless SUSY particles and their possible mass order, paying special attention to the smuon. After calculations and discussions, we find that the surviving samples can be divided into several scenarios, where the mass region and decay information of the smuon are given. Overall, the smuon mass can be approximately 0.1~1.8 TeV. These results may be useful for smuon searches at the LHC and future colliders.