We investigate Λ production in the ( <math altimg='si146.svg'><msup><mrow><mi>&#960;</mi></mrow><mrow><mo linebreak='badbreak' linebreakstyle='after'>+</mo></mrow></msup></math>, <math altimg='si3.svg'><msup><mrow><mi>K</mi></mrow><mrow><mo linebreak='badbreak' linebreakstyle='after'>+</mo></mrow></msup></math>) reaction on a 6Li target at <math altimg='si4.svg'><msub><mrow><mi>p</mi></mrow><mrow><msup><mrow><mi>&#960;</mi></mrow><mrow><mo linebreak='badbreak' linebreakstyle='after'>+</mo></mrow></msup></mrow></msub><mo linebreak='goodbreak' linebreakstyle='after'>=</mo><mn>1.05</mn></math> GeV/ <italic>c</italic>, using the distorted-wave impulse approximation (DWIA) with the Fermi-averaged <math altimg='si5.svg'><msup><mrow><mi>&#960;</mi></mrow><mrow><mo linebreak='badbreak' linebreakstyle='after'>+</mo></mrow></msup><mi>n</mi><mo stretchy='false'>&#8594;</mo><msup><mrow><mi>K</mi></mrow><mrow><mo linebreak='badbreak' linebreakstyle='after'>+</mo></mrow></msup><mi mathvariant='normal'>&#923;</mi></math> amplitudes. The calculated spectrum is in good agreement with the experimental data, suggesting that <math altimg='si1.svg'><mmultiscripts><mrow><mi mathvariant='normal'>He</mi></mrow><mprescripts /><mrow><mi mathvariant='normal'>&#923;</mi></mrow><mrow><mn>4</mn></mrow></mmultiscripts></math>- <italic>d</italic> configurations play a key role in describing the &#923; continuum states of <math altimg='si23.svg'><msubsup><mrow /><mrow><mi mathvariant='normal'>&#923;</mi></mrow><mrow><mn>6</mn></mrow></msubsup></math>Li near and above the <math altimg='si8.svg'><mmultiscripts><mrow><mi mathvariant='normal'>He</mi></mrow><mprescripts /><none /><mrow><mn>3</mn></mrow></mmultiscripts><mo linebreak='goodbreak' linebreakstyle='after'>+</mo><mi>d</mi><mo linebreak='goodbreak' linebreakstyle='after'>+</mo><mi mathvariant='normal'>&#923;</mi></math> threshold. Our analysis shows that the <math altimg='si1.svg'><mmultiscripts><mrow><mi mathvariant='normal'>He</mi></mrow><mprescripts /><mrow><mi mathvariant='normal'>&#923;</mi></mrow><mrow><mn>4</mn></mrow></mmultiscripts></math> hypernucleus as a hyperfragment is prominently produced through <italic>D</italic>-wave resonances with <math altimg='si9.svg'><msup><mrow><mi>J</mi></mrow><mrow><mi>P</mi></mrow></msup><mo linebreak='goodbreak' linebreakstyle='after'>=</mo><msup><mrow><mn>3</mn></mrow><mrow><mo linebreak='badbreak' linebreakstyle='after'>+</mo></mrow></msup></math>, <math altimg='si10.svg'><msup><mrow><mn>2</mn></mrow><mrow><mo linebreak='badbreak' linebreakstyle='after'>+</mo></mrow></msup></math>, and <math altimg='si11.svg'><msup><mrow><mn>1</mn></mrow><mrow><mo linebreak='badbreak' linebreakstyle='after'>+</mo></mrow></msup></math> in the <math altimg='si108.svg'><mmultiscripts><mrow><mi mathvariant='normal'>He</mi></mrow><mprescripts /><mrow><mi mathvariant='normal'>&#923;</mi></mrow><mrow><mn>4</mn></mrow></mmultiscripts><mo linebreak='goodbreak' linebreakstyle='after'>+</mo><mi>d</mi></math> channel at a large momentum transfer <math altimg='si13.svg'><mi>q</mi><mo>&#8771;</mo><mn>360</mn></math>&#8211;400 MeV/ <italic>c</italic>. These findings provide theoretical evidence for the production of a <math altimg='si1.svg'><mmultiscripts><mrow><mi mathvariant='normal'>He</mi></mrow><mprescripts /><mrow><mi mathvariant='normal'>&#923;</mi></mrow><mrow><mn>4</mn></mrow></mmultiscripts></math> hyperfragment via a cluster-like mechanism in the 6Li( <math altimg='si146.svg'><msup><mrow><mi>&#960;</mi></mrow><mrow><mo linebreak='badbreak' linebreakstyle='after'>+</mo></mrow></msup></math>, <math altimg='si3.svg'><msup><mrow><mi>K</mi></mrow><mrow><mo linebreak='badbreak' linebreakstyle='after'>+</mo></mrow></msup></math>) reaction.

Japan

Toru Harada

Yoshiharu Hirabayashi

Evidence for <math altimg='si1.svg'><mmultiscripts><mrow><mi mathvariant='normal'>He</mi></mrow><mprescripts /><mrow><mi mathvariant='normal'>&#923;</mi></mrow><mrow><mn>4</mn></mrow></mmultiscripts></math> hyperfragment production in the 6Li( <italic>&#960;</italic> +, <italic>K</italic> +) reaction

In this work, we investigate the <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mi>S</mi></math>- and <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mi>P</mi></math>-wave interactions of the <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mi>D</mi><msup><mover accent="true"><mi>D</mi><mo stretchy="false">¯</mo></mover><mo>*</mo></msup></math> system within the framework of the quasipotential Bethe-Salpeter equation, with the aim of exploring possible molecular states and their corresponding pole trajectories. The interaction potentials are constructed using the one-boson-exchange model, incorporating the exchanges of <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mi>π</mi></math>, <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mi>η</mi></math>, <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mi>ρ</mi></math>, <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mi>ω</mi></math>, <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mi>σ</mi></math>, and <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mi>J</mi><mo>/</mo><mi>ψ</mi></math> mesons, based on heavy quark effective Lagrangians. The poles of the scattering amplitude are analyzed and their evolution on two Riemann sheets is systematically traced as the cutoff parameter increases up to 5 GeV. We identify four molecular states arising from the <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mi>S</mi></math>-wave <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mi>D</mi><msup><mover accent="true"><mi>D</mi><mo stretchy="false">¯</mo></mover><mo>*</mo></msup></math> interaction. Among them, the bound state with quantum numbers <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><msup><mi>I</mi><mi>G</mi></msup><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><msup><mi>J</mi><mrow><mi>P</mi><mi>C</mi></mrow></msup><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo>=</mo><msup><mn>0</mn><mo>+</mo></msup><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><msup><mn>1</mn><mrow><mo>+</mo><mo>+</mo></mrow></msup><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></math> corresponds well to the experimentally observed <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mi>X</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mn>3872</mn><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></math>, while its isovector partner with <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><msup><mi>I</mi><mi>G</mi></msup><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><msup><mi>J</mi><mrow><mi>P</mi><mi>C</mi></mrow></msup><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo>=</mo><msup><mn>1</mn><mo>−</mo></msup><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><msup><mn>1</mn><mrow><mo>+</mo><mo>+</mo></mrow></msup><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></math> is found to exist only as a virtual state. Additionally, a <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><msup><mn>0</mn><mo>−</mo></msup><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><msup><mn>1</mn><mrow><mo>+</mo><mo>−</mo></mrow></msup><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></math> state appears as a bound state. The isovector <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><msup><mn>1</mn><mrow><mo>+</mo><mo>−</mo></mrow></msup></math> state, which may be associated with the <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><msub><mi>Z</mi><mi>c</mi></msub><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mn>3900</mn><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></math>, is observed to evolve from a bound state to a virtual state as the interaction strength decreases. For the <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mi>P</mi></math>-wave <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mi>D</mi><msup><mover accent="true"><mi>D</mi><mo stretchy="false">¯</mo></mover><mo>*</mo></msup></math> interaction, the structure <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mi>G</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mn>3900</mn><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></math> recently observed at BESIII is likely connected to a <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><msup><mn>0</mn><mo>−</mo></msup><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><msup><mn>1</mn><mrow><mo>−</mo><mo>−</mo></mrow></msup><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></math> state. A <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><msup><mn>0</mn><mo>+</mo></msup><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><msup><mn>0</mn><mrow><mo>−</mo><mo>+</mo></mrow></msup><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></math> state is also predicted in this channel. Both can appear as either resonance or bound/virtual state depending on the interaction strength.

China

Xiao-Xiao Chen

Zuo-Ming Ding

Jun He

Pole trajectories from <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mi>S</mi></math>- and <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mi>P</mi></math>-wave <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mi>D</mi><msup><mover accent="true"><mi>D</mi><mo stretchy="false">¯</mo></mover><mo>*</mo></msup></math> interactions

In this work, we investigate the kaon-induced production of strange hidden-charm pentaquark $$P^\varLambda _{\psi s}$$ states, including the $$P^\varLambda _{\psi s}(4459)$$ and $$P^\varLambda _{\psi s}(4338)$$ observed by the LHCb collaboration. Coupled-channel interactions involving the channels $$\bar{K}N$$ , $$\varXi _c^{(*)}\bar{D}^{(*)}$$ , $$\varXi '_c\bar{D}^{(*)}$$ , $$\varLambda _c\bar{D}_s^{(*)}$$ , and $$\varLambda J/\psi $$ are studied using effective Lagrangians to describe these interactions. The potential kernels are constructed within the one-boson-exchange model and implemented into the quasipotential Bethe–Salpeter equation to calculate the scattering amplitudes. From these amplitudes, the partial-wave cross sections for kaon-induced production are predicted alongside the poles corresponding to strange hidden-charm molecular pentaquarks. The analysis reveals complex structures in the cross sections due to molecular states. A structure near the $$\varXi _c\bar{D}$$ threshold is predicted in the $$\varLambda _c\bar{D}_s$$ channel, corresponding to $$P^\varLambda _{\psi s}(4338)$$ . Both molecular states near the $$\varXi _c\bar{D}^*$$ threshold with $$J^P = 1/2^-$$ and $$J^P = 3/2^-$$ , associated with $$P^\varLambda _{\psi s}(4459)$$ , produce peaks in the $$\varXi '_c\bar{D}$$ channel, which vary significantly with the cutoff. Additionally, a molecular state with $$J^P = 3/2^-$$ near the $$\varXi _c^*\bar{D}$$ threshold gives rise to a peak in the $$\varXi _c\bar{D}^*$$ channel. In the higher energy region, from 4350 to 4550 MeV, although the cross sections in the $$\varLambda _c\bar{D}_s^{(*)}$$ channels are substantial, no distinct structures corresponding to strange hidden-charm pentaquarks are identified, apart from some threshold-related cusps. These results provide valuable theoretical insights and serve as a foundation for future experimental studies of strange hidden-charm pentaquarks using kaon beams at J-PARC and JLab.

Shu Chen

Jun-Tao Zhu

Shu-Yi Kong

Kaon-induced production of strange hidden-charm molecular pentaquarks $$P^\varLambda _{\psi s}$$ from proton

Observations of anomalous angular correlations in electron-positron pairs produced from excited states of <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mmultiscripts><mi>He</mi><mprescripts></mprescripts><none></none><mn>4</mn></mmultiscripts><mo>,</mo><mo> </mo><mmultiscripts><mi>Be</mi><mprescripts></mprescripts><none></none><mn>8</mn></mmultiscripts></math>, and <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mmultiscripts><mi mathvariant="normal">C</mi><mprescripts></mprescripts><none></none><mn>12</mn></mmultiscripts></math> nuclei have been suggested as being due to the creation and subsequent decay of a new light particle of mass <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mrow><mo>∼</mo><mn>17</mn><mspace width="0.16em"></mspace><mi>MeV</mi></mrow></math>. In this work, we investigate the possibility that the source of the observed signals is a set of new excitation channels created by the 12-quark hidden-color Fock state within the <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mrow><mmultiscripts><mi>He</mi><mprescripts></mprescripts><none></none><mrow><mn>4</mn></mrow></mmultiscripts></mrow></math> nuclear wave function dubbed the “hexadiquark.” We calculate the invariant <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mrow><msup><mi>e</mi><mo>+</mo></msup><msup><mi>e</mi><mo>−</mo></msup></mrow></math> mass spectrum for the electromagnetic transition from a new excitation of <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mmultiscripts><mi>He</mi><mprescripts></mprescripts><none></none><mn>4</mn></mmultiscripts></math>, estimating its differential and total decay width. We find that we can fit the shape of the anomalous signal with the QCD Fock state at excitation energy <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mrow><msup><mi>E</mi><mo>*</mo></msup><mo>=</mo><mn>17.9</mn><mo>±</mo><mn>1</mn><mspace width="0.16em"></mspace><mi>MeV</mi></mrow></math> and a Gaussian form factor for the electromagnetic decay. We address the physical issues with the fit parameters using properties of the hexadiquark state, in particular the three weakly repulsive <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><msub><mn>6</mn><mi>C</mi></msub></math> interactions of <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><msub><mrow><mi>SU</mi><mo>(</mo><mn>3</mn><mo>)</mo></mrow><mi>C</mi></msub></math> between diquark pairs. Experimental tests of our model are described in detail. In light of this work, we emphasize the need for independent experimental confirmation or refutation of the ATOMKI results as well as dedicated experiments to search for the proposed new excitations of <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mmultiscripts><mi>He</mi><mprescripts></mprescripts><none></none><mn>4</mn></mmultiscripts></math> and other <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>α</mi></math>-cluster nuclei.

United States

Valery Kubarovsky

Jennifer Rittenhouse West

Stanley J. Brodsky

Quantum chromodynamics resolution of the ATOMKI anomaly in <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mmultiscripts><mi>He</mi><mprescripts></mprescripts><none></none><mn>4</mn></mmultiscripts></math> nuclear transitions

Superfluid <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mrow><mmultiscripts><mrow><mi>He</mi></mrow><mprescripts></mprescripts><none></none><mrow><mn>4</mn></mrow></mmultiscripts></mrow></math> is an ideal candidate for the direct detection of light dark matter via nuclear recoils thanks to its low nuclear mass and the possibility to reach a low-detection-energy threshold by exploiting the generated quasiparticles. The design of future detectors based on this target, such as the DELight experiment, requires a proper understanding of the formation and partitioning of the signal for different energy depositions from various sources. This work presents an overview of the physical processes involved in the energy deposition of recoiling electrons and ions, and it describes a Monte Carlo approach to the partitioning of the signal into different channels. Despite an overall good agreement with existing literature, differences in the region of interest for light dark matter searches below 200 eV are observed.

Germany

Francesco Toschi

Axel Brunold

Lea Burmeister

Klaus Eitel

Christian Enss

Eleanor Fascione

Torben Ferber

Rahel Gabriel

Lena Hauswald

Felix Kahlhoefer

Sebastian Kempf

Markus Klute

Belina von Krosigk

Sebastian Lindemann

United Kingdom

Benedikt Maier

Marc Schumann

Melih Solmaz

Kathrin Valerius

Friedrich Carl Wagner

Signal partitioning in superfluid <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mrow><mmultiscripts><mrow><mi>He</mi></mrow><mprescripts></mprescripts><none></none><mn>4</mn></mmultiscripts></mrow></math>: A Monte Carlo approach

In this study, we investigate the production of potential <math altimg='si1.svg'><msub><mrow><mi mathvariant='normal'>&#931;</mi></mrow><mrow><mi>c</mi></mrow></msub><msub><mrow><mover accent='true'><mrow><mi mathvariant='normal'>&#931;</mi></mrow><mrow><mo stretchy='false'>&#175;</mo></mrow></mover></mrow><mrow><mi>c</mi></mrow></msub></math> molecular states in nucleon-antinucleon collisions using a quasipotential Bethe-Salpeter equation approach. Both isoscalar and isovector bound states with quantum numbers <math altimg='si2.svg'><msup><mrow><mi>J</mi></mrow><mrow><mi>P</mi><mi>C</mi></mrow></msup><mo linebreak='goodbreak' linebreakstyle='after'>=</mo><msup><mrow><mn>0</mn></mrow><mrow><mo linebreak='badbreak' linebreakstyle='after'>&#8722;</mo><mo linebreak='badbreak' linebreakstyle='after'>+</mo></mrow></msup></math> and <math altimg='si3.svg'><msup><mrow><mn>1</mn></mrow><mrow><mo linebreak='badbreak' linebreakstyle='after'>&#8722;</mo><mo linebreak='badbreak' linebreakstyle='after'>&#8722;</mo></mrow></msup></math> are generated from the <math altimg='si1.svg'><msub><mrow><mi mathvariant='normal'>&#931;</mi></mrow><mrow><mi>c</mi></mrow></msub><msub><mrow><mover accent='true'><mrow><mi mathvariant='normal'>&#931;</mi></mrow><mrow><mo stretchy='false'>&#175;</mo></mrow></mover></mrow><mrow><mi>c</mi></mrow></msub></math> interaction, which is modeled through the exchange of light mesons. The cross-section for the scattering process <math altimg='si4.svg'><mi>p</mi><mover accent='true'><mrow><mi>p</mi></mrow><mrow><mo stretchy='false'>&#175;</mo></mrow></mover><mo stretchy='false'>&#8594;</mo><mi>p</mi><mover accent='true'><mrow><mi>p</mi></mrow><mrow><mo stretchy='false'>&#175;</mo></mrow></mover></math> is calculated with annihilation effects taken into account, and the results are consistent with experimental data. However, no significant structures related to the <math altimg='si1.svg'><msub><mrow><mi mathvariant='normal'>&#931;</mi></mrow><mrow><mi>c</mi></mrow></msub><msub><mrow><mover accent='true'><mrow><mi mathvariant='normal'>&#931;</mi></mrow><mrow><mo stretchy='false'>&#175;</mo></mrow></mover></mrow><mrow><mi>c</mi></mrow></msub></math> state are observed in this process. Using the parameters determined from this analysis, we also investigate the reaction <math altimg='si136.svg'><mi>p</mi><mover accent='true'><mrow><mi>p</mi></mrow><mrow><mo stretchy='false'>&#175;</mo></mrow></mover><mo stretchy='false'>&#8594;</mo><msub><mrow><mi mathvariant='normal'>&#923;</mi></mrow><mrow><mi>c</mi></mrow></msub><msub><mrow><mover accent='true'><mrow><mi mathvariant='normal'>&#923;</mi></mrow><mrow><mo stretchy='false'>&#175;</mo></mrow></mover></mrow><mrow><mi>c</mi></mrow></msub></math>, predicting a cross-section on the order of 10 pb with a dip near the <math altimg='si1.svg'><msub><mrow><mi mathvariant='normal'>&#931;</mi></mrow><mrow><mi>c</mi></mrow></msub><msub><mrow><mover accent='true'><mrow><mi mathvariant='normal'>&#931;</mi></mrow><mrow><mo stretchy='false'>&#175;</mo></mrow></mover></mrow><mrow><mi>c</mi></mrow></msub></math> threshold. We present the poles of four molecular states, noting that the state <math altimg='si6.svg'><mn>0</mn><mo stretchy='false'>(</mo><msup><mrow><mn>1</mn></mrow><mrow><mo linebreak='badbreak' linebreakstyle='after'>&#8722;</mo><mo linebreak='badbreak' linebreakstyle='after'>&#8722;</mo></mrow></msup><mo stretchy='false'>)</mo></math> exhibits a width much larger than those of the other three states, albeit still very small. For the isoscalar bound state with quantum numbers <math altimg='si7.svg'><mi>I</mi><mo stretchy='false'>(</mo><msup><mrow><mi>J</mi></mrow><mrow><mi>P</mi><mi>C</mi></mrow></msup><mo stretchy='false'>)</mo><mo linebreak='goodbreak' linebreakstyle='after'>=</mo><mn>0</mn><mo stretchy='false'>(</mo><msup><mrow><mn>1</mn></mrow><mrow><mo linebreak='badbreak' linebreakstyle='after'>&#8722;</mo><mo linebreak='badbreak' linebreakstyle='after'>&#8722;</mo></mrow></msup><mo stretchy='false'>)</mo></math>, a clear dip is observed near the <math altimg='si1.svg'><msub><mrow><mi mathvariant='normal'>&#931;</mi></mrow><mrow><mi>c</mi></mrow></msub><msub><mrow><mover accent='true'><mrow><mi mathvariant='normal'>&#931;</mi></mrow><mrow><mo stretchy='false'>&#175;</mo></mrow></mover></mrow><mrow><mi>c</mi></mrow></msub></math> threshold in the <math altimg='si27.svg'><msub><mrow><mi mathvariant='normal'>&#923;</mi></mrow><mrow><mi>c</mi></mrow></msub><msub><mrow><mover accent='true'><mrow><mi mathvariant='normal'>&#923;</mi></mrow><mrow><mo stretchy='false'>&#175;</mo></mrow></mover></mrow><mrow><mi>c</mi></mrow></msub></math> channel, with a cross-section on the order of 1 pb. Although a dip is also identified in the <math altimg='si27.svg'><msub><mrow><mi mathvariant='normal'>&#923;</mi></mrow><mrow><mi>c</mi></mrow></msub><msub><mrow><mover accent='true'><mrow><mi mathvariant='normal'>&#923;</mi></mrow><mrow><mo stretchy='false'>&#175;</mo></mrow></mover></mrow><mrow><mi>c</mi></mrow></msub></math> channel for the bound state with quantum numbers <math altimg='si9.svg'><mi>I</mi><mo stretchy='false'>(</mo><msup><mrow><mi>J</mi></mrow><mrow><mi>P</mi><mi>C</mi></mrow></msup><mo stretchy='false'>)</mo><mo linebreak='goodbreak' linebreakstyle='after'>=</mo><mn>0</mn><mo stretchy='false'>(</mo><msup><mrow><mn>0</mn></mrow><mrow><mo linebreak='badbreak' linebreakstyle='after'>&#8722;</mo><mo linebreak='badbreak' linebreakstyle='after'>+</mo></mrow></msup><mo stretchy='false'>)</mo></math>, it exhibits a very narrow width and a smaller cross-section, suggesting that highly precise experiments would be necessary to detect it. No significant structures are observed in the <math altimg='si10.svg'><mi>N</mi><mover accent='true'><mrow><mi>N</mi></mrow><mrow><mo stretchy='false'>&#175;</mo></mrow></mover></math> final state for any of the four studied states. Based on these findings, we propose searching for the <math altimg='si1.svg'><msub><mrow><mi mathvariant='normal'>&#931;</mi></mrow><mrow><mi>c</mi></mrow></msub><msub><mrow><mover accent='true'><mrow><mi mathvariant='normal'>&#931;</mi></mrow><mrow><mo stretchy='false'>&#175;</mo></mrow></mover></mrow><mrow><mi>c</mi></mrow></msub></math> molecular state with <math altimg='si7.svg'><mi>I</mi><mo stretchy='false'>(</mo><msup><mrow><mi>J</mi></mrow><mrow><mi>P</mi><mi>C</mi></mrow></msup><mo stretchy='false'>)</mo><mo linebreak='goodbreak' linebreakstyle='after'>=</mo><mn>0</mn><mo stretchy='false'>(</mo><msup><mrow><mn>1</mn></mrow><mrow><mo linebreak='badbreak' linebreakstyle='after'>&#8722;</mo><mo linebreak='badbreak' linebreakstyle='after'>&#8722;</mo></mrow></msup><mo stretchy='false'>)</mo></math> in the process <math altimg='si11.svg'><mi>N</mi><mover accent='true'><mrow><mi>N</mi></mrow><mrow><mo stretchy='false'>&#175;</mo></mrow></mover><mo stretchy='false'>&#8594;</mo><msub><mrow><mi mathvariant='normal'>&#923;</mi></mrow><mrow><mi>c</mi></mrow></msub><msub><mrow><mover accent='true'><mrow><mi mathvariant='normal'>&#923;</mi></mrow><mrow><mo stretchy='false'>&#175;</mo></mrow></mover></mrow><mrow><mi>c</mi></mrow></msub></math>, which is accessible at <math altimg='si12.svg'><mover accent='true'><mrow><mi mathvariant='normal'>P</mi></mrow><mrow><mo stretchy='false'>&#175;</mo></mrow></mover><mi mathvariant='normal'>ANDA</mi></math>.

Lin-Qing Song

Production of possible <math altimg='si1.svg'><msub><mrow><mi mathvariant='normal'>&#931;</mi></mrow><mrow><mi>c</mi></mrow></msub><msub><mrow><mover accent='true'><mrow><mi mathvariant='normal'>&#931;</mi></mrow><mrow><mo stretchy='false'>&#175;</mo></mrow></mover></mrow><mrow><mi>c</mi></mrow></msub></math> molecular states in nucleon-antinucleon collision

Precise direct cosmic-ray (CR) measurements provide an important probe to study the energetic particle sources in our Galaxy, and the interstellar environment through which these particles propagate. Uncertainties on hadronic models, ion-nucleon cross sections in particular, are currently the limiting factor toward obtaining more accurate CR ion flux measurements with calorimetric space-based experiments. We present an energy-dependent measurement of the inelastic cross section of protons and helium-4 nuclei (alpha particles) on a <math><mrow><msub><mrow><mi>Bi</mi></mrow><mrow><mn>4</mn></mrow></msub></mrow></math><math><msub><mtext>Ge</mtext><mn>3</mn></msub><msub><mi>O</mi><mn>12</mn></msub></math> target, using 88 months of data collected by the DAMPE space mission. The kinetic energy range per nucleon of the measurement points ranges from 18 GeV to 9 TeV for protons, and from <math><mrow><mn>5</mn><mtext> </mtext><mi>GeV</mi><mo>/</mo><mi>n</mi></mrow></math> to <math><mrow><mn>3</mn><mtext> </mtext><mtext> </mtext><mi>TeV</mi><mo>/</mo><mi>n</mi></mrow></math> for helium-4 nuclei. Our results lead to a significant improvement of the CR flux normalization. In the case of helium-4, these results correspond to the first cross section measurements on a heavy target material at energies above <math><mrow><mn>10</mn><mtext> </mtext><mi>GeV</mi><mo>/</mo><mi>n</mi></mrow></math>.

Italy

F. Alemanno

Q. An

Switzerland

P. Azzarello

F. C. T. Barbato

P. Bernardini

X. J. Bi

I. Cagnoli

M. S. Cai

E. Casilli

E. Catanzani

J. Chang

D. Y. Chen

J. L. Chen

Z. F. Chen

P. Coppin

M. Y. Cui

T. S. Cui

Y. X. Cui

H. T. Dai

A. De Benedittis

I. De Mitri

F. de Palma

A. Di Giovanni

Q. Ding

T. K. Dong

Z. X. Dong

G. Donvito

D. Droz

J. L. Duan

K. K. Duan

R. R. Fan

Y. Z. Fan

F. Fang

K. Fang

C. Q. Feng

L. Feng

J. M. Frieden

P. Fusco

M. Gao

F. Gargano

K. Gong

Y. Z. Gong

D. Y. Guo

J. H. Guo

S. X. Han

Y. M. Hu

G. S. Huang

X. Y. Huang

Y. Y. Huang

M. Ionica

L. Y. Jiang

Y. Z. Jiang

W. Jiang

J. Kong

A. Kotenko

D. Kyratzis

S. J. Lei

W. H. Li

W. L. Li

X. Li

X. Q. Li

Y. M. Liang

C. M. Liu

H. Liu

J. Liu

S. B. Liu

Y. Liu

F. Loparco

C. N. Luo

M. Ma

P. X. Ma

T. Ma

X. Y. Ma

G. Marsella

M. N. Mazziotta

D. Mo

X. Y. Niu

X. Pan

A. Parenti

W. X. Peng

X. Y. Peng

C. Perrina

E. Putti-Garcia

R. Qiao

J. N. Rao

A. Ruina

R. Sarkar

P. Savina

A. Serpolla

Z. Shangguan

W. H. Shen

Z. Q. Shen

Z. T. Shen

L. Silveri

J. X. Song

M. Stolpovskiy

H. Su

Hong Kong

M. Su

H. R. Sun

Z. Y. Sun

Hadronic cross section measurements with the DAMPE space mission using 20 GeV-10 TeV cosmic-ray protons and <math><mrow><mmultiscripts><mrow><mi>He</mi></mrow><mprescripts></mprescripts><none></none><mrow><mn>4</mn></mrow></mmultiscripts></mrow></math>

In <math><mrow><mrow><mmultiscripts><mrow><mi>He</mi></mrow><mprescripts></mprescripts><none></none><mrow><mn>3</mn></mrow></mmultiscripts></mrow><mtext>−</mtext><mi>B</mi></mrow></math>, two atoms pair in an orbital angular momentum 1 spin triplet state above the phase transition temperature with <math><mi>S</mi><mi>O</mi><mo>(</mo><mn>3</mn><mo>)</mo><mo>×</mo><mi>S</mi><mi>O</mi><mo>(</mo><mn>3</mn><mo>)</mo></math> symmetry. Below the transition temperature, this symmetry is spontaneously broken to the diagonal <math><mi>S</mi><mi>O</mi><mo>(</mo><mn>3</mn><mo>)</mo></math> due to spin-orbit coupling. Considerations based on effective potentials and solitons show that <math><mi>S</mi><mi>O</mi><mo>(</mo><mn>3</mn><mo>)</mo></math>’s get enhanced to <math><mi>S</mi><mi>U</mi><mo>(</mo><mn>3</mn><mo>)</mo></math>’s and the symmetry breaking is that of <math><mi>G</mi><mo>=</mo><mi>S</mi><mi>U</mi><mo>(</mo><mn>3</mn><mo>)</mo><mo>×</mo><mi>S</mi><mi>U</mi><mo>(</mo><mn>3</mn><mo>)</mo><mo>×</mo><mi>U</mi><mo>(</mo><mn>1</mn><mo>)</mo></math> to <math><mi>H</mi><mo>=</mo><mi>S</mi><mi>U</mi><mo>(</mo><mn>3</mn><mo>)</mo></math>. The theory of the resultant Goldstone modes can be naturally formulated as a gauge theory of <math><mi>H</mi></math>. Its Gauss law is treated here and shown to lead to surface states in a container with a dynamics governed by large gauge transformations. Observable consequences are pointed out. The transference of the analysis to the chiral model of QCD is pointed out where <math><mi>S</mi><mi>U</mi><mo>(</mo><mn>3</mn><mo>)</mo></math> are the left and right chiral groups, <math><mi>U</mi><mo>(</mo><mn>1</mn><mo>)</mo></math> is the axial <math><mi>U</mi><mo>(</mo><mn>1</mn><mo>)</mo></math>, the surviving symmetry is flavor <math><mi>S</mi><mi>U</mi><mo>(</mo><mn>3</mn><mo>)</mo></math>, and the Goldstone modes are the pions.

A. P. Balachandran

Non-Abelian gauge theory for surface excitations of <math><mrow><mrow><mmultiscripts><mrow><mi>He</mi></mrow><mprescripts></mprescripts><none></none><mrow><mn>3</mn></mrow></mmultiscripts></mrow><mtext>−</mtext><mi>B</mi></mrow></math>

The $^{3}$He<math><msup><mrow><mo>(</mo><mi>α</mi><mo>,</mo><mi>γ</mi><mo>)</mo></mrow><mrow><mn>7</mn></mrow></msup></math>Be radiative capture reaction plays a key role in the creation of elements in stars as well as in the production of solar neutrinos, the observation of which is one of the main tools to study the properties of our sun. Since accurate experimental measurements of this fusion cross section at solar energies are difficult due to the strong Coulomb repulsion between the reactants, the onus falls on theory to provide a robust means for extrapolating from the region where experimental data is available down to the desired astrophysical regime. We present the first microscopic calculations of $^{3}$He<math><msup><mrow><mo>(</mo><mi>α</mi><mo>,</mo><mi>γ</mi><mo>)</mo></mrow><mrow><mn>7</mn></mrow></msup></math>Be with explicit inclusion of three-nucleon forces. Our prediction of the astrophysical S factor qualitatively agrees with experimental data. We further incorporate experimental bound-state and scattering information in our calculation to arrive at a more quantitative description. This process reveals that our current model lacks sufficient repulsion in the <math><mn>1</mn><mo>/</mo><msup><mrow><mn>2</mn></mrow><mrow><mo>+</mo></mrow></msup></math> channel of our model space to simultaneously reproduce elastic-scattering data. This deficit suggests that $^{3}$He<math><msup><mrow><mo>(</mo><mi>α</mi><mo>,</mo><mi>γ</mi><mo>)</mo></mrow><mrow><mn>7</mn></mrow></msup></math>Be probes aspects of the nuclear force that are not currently well-constrained.

M.C. Atkinson

K. Kravvaris

S. Quaglioni

Canada

P. Navrátil

Calculation of the He( , ) Be astrophysical S factor with chiral two- and three-nucleon forces

In the present work, we propose to explore the productions of the bottom and bottom-strange mesons in the high-energy pion and kaon-induced reactions on a proton target. The cross sections are evaluated with an effective Lagrangian constructed by the heavy-quark limit and chiral symmetry. Our estimations show that at $$P_\pi =80$$ <math> <mrow> <msub> <mi>P</mi> <mi>π</mi> </msub> <mo>=</mo> <mn>80</mn> </mrow> </math> GeV, the cross sections for B(5279), $$B^*(5325)$$ <math> <mrow> <msup> <mi>B</mi> <mo>∗</mo> </msup> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <mn>5325</mn> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> </mrow> </math> , $$B_0^*(5722)$$ <math> <mrow> <msubsup> <mi>B</mi> <mn>0</mn> <mo>∗</mo> </msubsup> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <mn>5722</mn> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> </mrow> </math> , $$B_1^\prime (5716)$$ <math> <mrow> <msubsup> <mi>B</mi> <mn>1</mn> <mo>′</mo> </msubsup> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <mn>5716</mn> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> </mrow> </math> , $$B_1(5721)$$ <math> <mrow> <msub> <mi>B</mi> <mn>1</mn> </msub> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <mn>5721</mn> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> </mrow> </math> and $$B_2^*(5747)$$ <math> <mrow> <msubsup> <mi>B</mi> <mn>2</mn> <mo>∗</mo> </msubsup> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <mn>5747</mn> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> </mrow> </math> production processes are estimated to be 3.19–86.26, 1.86–51.29, 0.88–24.33, 0.86–23.69, 162.35–4477.66, and 57.16–1604.43 nb, respectively, where uncertainties arise from the model parameter. In addition, the cross sections for the corresponding bottom-strange mesons production processes are very similar. From the heavy quark effective theory point of view, the ratios between the cross sections for bottom mesons and bottom-strange mesons should be similar and the present estimations are consistent with the expectation of heavy quark limit. In particular, the cross-section ratios related to the states in the same doublets are of order one. The cross sections related to the states in the T doublets are about two orders larger than those related to the states in the S doublets.

Jing Liu

Quan-Yun Guo

Qi Wu

Dian-Yong Chen

Productions of bottom and bottom-strange mesons in pion and kaon induced reactions