We present a method for obtaining an initial-state parton shower model where the (backward) evolution fully consistent with the (forward) evolution of the collinear parton density used. As a proof-of-concept we use parton densities obtained with the parton branching (PB) approach, and modify the default initial-state shower in 8 with this method to be consistent with them. PB is ideally suited for checking the validity of our method since, in addition to producing collinear parton densities, it also produces the corresponding transverse-dependent (TMD) ones, and these can then be directly compared to the transverse momentum distribution obtained from the parton shower. We show that TMD distributions which we in this way obtain from our modified 8 shower using leading order (LO) parton densities and splitting functions are fully consistent with the corresponding leading order TMD densities. At next-to-leading order (NLO) it is not possible to achieve the same consistency using the built-in LO splitting functions in the shower, but we show that by introducing NLO splitting functions using a reweighting procedure, we can achieve consistency also at NLO. The method presented here, which we have named , can be easily extended to any collinear parton densities, as long as the exact conditions for the evolution are known. With the method we obtain an initial-state parton shower which in principle has no free parameters, and is fully consistent with collinear parton densities at LO and NLO.

Germany

H. Jung

Sweden

L. Lönnblad

M. Mendizabal

Sara Taheri Monfared

A parton shower consistent with parton densities at LO and NLO:

The black hole information paradox has been an important problem in quantum gravity. In the study of evaporating black hole, it has been proposed that the holographic map between the semiclassical effective description in bulk and the fundamental description in boundary cannot be isometric. In this work, we would like to study the reflected entropy in an evaporating black hole model through a nonisometric holographic map. We assume that the evaporating is slow enough that it makes sense to ascribe a slowly varying temperature to the Hawking radiation. We then introduce a two-sided black hole model to canonically purify the semiclassical state. The holographic map to the fundamental description is nonisometric and defined by a Haar random unitary matrix. We show that the entropy of radiation in the model computed in the fundamental description matches the result read from the quantum extremal surface formula and agrees with the Page curve. Furthermore, through a nonisometric holographic map, we study the reflected entropies between different regions, including the one between the black holes on different sides, the one between the radiations distributed symmetrically but disconnectedly, and the one between the black hole and the radiation on a single side. Our results are consistent with the existing ones based on the effective descriptions.

China

Bin Chen

Zhi-jun Yin

Reflected entropy in an evaporating black hole through a nonisometric map

This work investigates the discovery potential for singly produced vectorlike quarks (VLQs) <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mi>T</mi></math> (<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mi>Q</mi><mo>=</mo><mo>+</mo><mn>2</mn><mo>/</mo><mn>3</mn><mi>e</mi></math>) and <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mi>Y</mi></math> (<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mi>Q</mi><mo>=</mo><mo>−</mo><mn>4</mn><mo>/</mo><mn>3</mn><mi>e</mi></math>) decaying to <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mi>W</mi><mi>b</mi></math> at future <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mi>μ</mi><mi>p</mi></math> colliders with <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><msqrt><mi>s</mi></msqrt><mo>=</mo><mn>5.29</mn></math>, 6.48, and 9.16 TeV, analyzing both leptonic and hadronic <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mi>W</mi></math> decay channels through detailed detector simulations. The hadronic channel demonstrates superior sensitivity, enabling <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mn>5</mn><mi>σ</mi></math> discovery up to <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><msub><mi>m</mi><mi>T</mi></msub><mo>=</mo><mn>3750</mn><mtext> </mtext><mtext> </mtext><mi>GeV</mi></math> (<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><msub><mi>m</mi><mi>Y</mi></msub><mo>=</mo><mn>4100</mn><mtext> </mtext><mtext> </mtext><mi>GeV</mi></math>) at 9.16 TeV with <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mn>100</mn><mtext> </mtext><mtext> </mtext><msup><mi>fb</mi><mrow><mo>−</mo><mn>1</mn></mrow></msup></math>, while exclusion limits reach <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><msub><mi>m</mi><mi>T</mi></msub><mo>=</mo><mn>4500</mn><mtext> </mtext><mtext> </mtext><mi>GeV</mi></math> (<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><msup><mi>g</mi><mo>*</mo></msup><mo>≥</mo><mn>0.06</mn></math>) and <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><msub><mi>m</mi><mi>Y</mi></msub><mo>=</mo><mn>4800</mn><mtext> </mtext><mtext> </mtext><mi>GeV</mi></math> (<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><msub><mi>κ</mi><mi>Y</mi></msub><mo>≥</mo><mn>0.04</mn></math>)—significantly beyond LHC capabilities. At 5.29 TeV, discovery regions cover <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><msup><mi>g</mi><mo>*</mo></msup><mo>∈</mo><mo stretchy="false">[</mo><mn>0.15</mn><mo>,</mo><mn>0.5</mn><mo stretchy="false">]</mo></math> for <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><msub><mi>m</mi><mi>T</mi></msub><mo>∈</mo><mo stretchy="false">[</mo><mn>1500</mn><mo>,</mo><mn>2520</mn><mo stretchy="false">]</mo><mtext> </mtext><mtext> </mtext><mi>GeV</mi></math> and <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><msub><mi>κ</mi><mi>Y</mi></msub><mo>∈</mo><mo stretchy="false">[</mo><mn>0.12</mn><mo>,</mo><mn>0.5</mn><mo stretchy="false">]</mo></math> for <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><msub><mi>m</mi><mi>Y</mi></msub><mo>∈</mo><mo stretchy="false">[</mo><mn>1700</mn><mo>,</mo><mn>2700</mn><mo stretchy="false">]</mo><mtext> </mtext><mtext> </mtext><mi>GeV</mi></math>, with exclusions extending to <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><msub><mi>m</mi><mi>T</mi></msub><mo>=</mo><mn>2750</mn><mtext> </mtext><mtext> </mtext><mi>GeV</mi></math> and <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><msub><mi>m</mi><mi>Y</mi></msub><mo>=</mo><mn>3020</mn><mtext> </mtext><mtext> </mtext><mi>GeV</mi></math>. These results, obtained within a simplified two-parameter framework (<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><msub><mi>m</mi><mrow><mi>T</mi><mo>/</mo><mi>Y</mi></mrow></msub></math> and electroweak couplings <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><msup><mi>g</mi><mo>*</mo></msup></math>), establish <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mi>μ</mi><mi>p</mi></math> colliders as uniquely powerful tools for probing high-mass VLQ states, particularly in the boosted jet regime.

Jin-Zhong Han

Yao-Bei Liu

United Kingdom

Stefano Moretti

Searching for single production of vectorlike quarks decaying into <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mi>W</mi><mi>b</mi></math> at a future muon-proton collider

United States

Howard Haber

Portugal

P. Ferreira

Erratum to: RG-stable parameter relations of a scalar field theory in absence of a symmetry

Using <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><msup><mi>e</mi><mo>+</mo></msup><msup><mi>e</mi><mo>−</mo></msup></math> collision data collected with the BESIII detector operating at the Beijing electron positron collider, the cross section of <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mrow><msup><mrow><mi>e</mi></mrow><mrow><mo>+</mo></mrow></msup><msup><mrow><mi>e</mi></mrow><mrow><mo>−</mo></mrow></msup><mo stretchy="false">→</mo><msup><mrow><mi>π</mi></mrow><mrow><mo>+</mo></mrow></msup><msup><mrow><mi>π</mi></mrow><mrow><mo>−</mo></mrow></msup><msub><mrow><mi>h</mi></mrow><mrow><mi>c</mi></mrow></msub></mrow></math> is measured at 59 points with center-of-mass energy <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><msqrt><mi>s</mi></msqrt></math> ranging from 4.009 to 4.950 GeV with a total integrated luminosity of <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mn>22.2</mn><mtext> </mtext><mtext> </mtext><msup><mi>fb</mi><mrow><mo>−</mo><mn>1</mn></mrow></msup></math>. The cross section between 4.3 and 4.45 GeV exhibits a plateaulike shape and drops sharply around 4.5 GeV, which cannot be described by two resonances only. Three coherent Breit-Wigner functions are used to parametrize the <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><msqrt><mi>s</mi></msqrt></math>-dependent cross section line shape. The masses and widths are determined to be <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mrow><msub><mrow><mi>M</mi></mrow><mrow><mn>1</mn></mrow></msub><mo>=</mo><mspace linebreak="goodbreak"></mspace><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><msubsup><mrow><mn>4223.6</mn></mrow><mrow><mo>−</mo><mn>3.7</mn><mo>−</mo><mn>2.9</mn></mrow><mrow><mo>+</mo><mn>3.6</mn><mo>+</mo><mn>2.6</mn></mrow></msubsup><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mtext> </mtext><mtext> </mtext><mi>MeV</mi><mo>/</mo><msup><mrow><mi>c</mi></mrow><mrow><mn>2</mn></mrow></msup></mrow></math>, <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mrow><msub><mrow><mi mathvariant="normal">Γ</mi></mrow><mrow><mn>1</mn></mrow></msub><mo>=</mo><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><msubsup><mrow><mn>58.5</mn></mrow><mrow><mo>−</mo><mn>11.4</mn><mo>−</mo><mn>6.5</mn></mrow><mrow><mo>+</mo><mn>10.8</mn><mo>+</mo><mn>6.7</mn></mrow></msubsup><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mtext> </mtext><mtext> </mtext><mi>MeV</mi></mrow></math>, <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mrow><msub><mrow><mi>M</mi></mrow><mrow><mn>2</mn></mrow></msub><mo>=</mo><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><msubsup><mrow><mn>4327.4</mn></mrow><mrow><mo>−</mo><mn>18.8</mn><mo>−</mo><mn>9.3</mn></mrow><mrow><mo>+</mo><mn>20.1</mn><mo>+</mo><mn>10.7</mn></mrow></msubsup><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mtext> </mtext><mtext> </mtext><mi>MeV</mi><mo>/</mo><msup><mrow><mi>c</mi></mrow><mrow><mn>2</mn></mrow></msup></mrow></math>, <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><msub><mi mathvariant="normal">Γ</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo>=</mo><mspace linebreak="goodbreak"></mspace><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><msubsup><mn>244.1</mn><mrow><mo>−</mo><mn>27.1</mn><mo>−</mo><mn>18.3</mn></mrow><mrow><mo>+</mo><mn>34.0</mn><mo>+</mo><mn>24.2</mn></mrow></msubsup><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mtext> </mtext><mtext> </mtext><mi>MeV</mi></math>, and <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><msub><mi>M</mi><mn>3</mn></msub><mo>=</mo><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><msubsup><mn>4467.4</mn><mrow><mo>−</mo><mn>5.4</mn><mo>−</mo><mn>2.7</mn></mrow><mrow><mo>+</mo><mn>7.2</mn><mo>+</mo><mn>3.2</mn></mrow></msubsup><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mtext> </mtext><mtext> </mtext><mi>MeV</mi><mo>/</mo><msup><mi>c</mi><mn>2</mn></msup></math>, and <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><msub><mi mathvariant="normal">Γ</mi><mn>3</mn></msub><mo>=</mo><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><msubsup><mn>62.8</mn><mrow><mo>−</mo><mn>14.4</mn><mo>−</mo><mn>7.0</mn></mrow><mrow><mo>+</mo><mn>19.2</mn><mo>+</mo><mn>9.9</mn></mrow></msubsup><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mtext> </mtext><mtext> </mtext><mi>MeV</mi></math>. The first uncertainties are statistical and the second are systematic. The inclusion of the relatively narrower third component proves crucial for reproducing the drop at around 4.5 GeV. The statistical significance of the three-resonance assumption over the two-resonance assumption is greater than <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mn>5</mn><mi>σ</mi></math>.

M. Ablikim

Russia

M.N. Achasov

P. Adlarson

X.C. Ai

R. Aliberti

Italy

A. Amoroso

Q. An

Y. Bai

JINR

O. Bakina

Y. Ban

H.R. Bao

Poland

V. Batozskaya

Mongolia

K. Begzsuren

N. Berger

M. Berlowski

M. Bertani

D. Bettoni

F. Bianchi

E. Bianco

A. Bortone

I. Boyko

R.A. Briere

A. Brueggemann

H. Cai

M.H. Cai

X. Cai

A. Calcaterra

G.F. Cao

N. Cao

Türkiye

S.A. Cetin

X.Y. Chai

J.F. Chang

G.R. Che

Y.Z. Che

C.H. Chen

Chao Chen

G. Chen

H.S. Chen

H.Y. Chen

M.L. Chen

S.J. Chen

S.L. Chen

S.M. Chen

T. Chen

X.R. Chen

X.T. Chen

X.Y. Chen

Y.B. Chen

Y.Q. Chen

Z.J. Chen

Z.K. Chen

South Korea

S.K. Choi

X. Chu

G. Cibinetto

F. Cossio

J. Cottee-Meldrum

J.J. Cui

H.L. Dai

J.P. Dai

A. Dbeyssi

R.E. de Boer

D. Dedovich

C.Q. Deng

Z.Y. Deng

A. Denig

I. Denysenko

M. Destefanis

F. De Mori

B. Ding

X.X. Ding

Y. Ding

Y.X. Ding

J. Dong

L.Y. Dong

M.Y. Dong

X. Dong

M.C. Du

S.X. Du

Y.Y. Duan

P. Egorov

G.F. Fan

J.J. Fan

Y.H. Fan

J. Fang

S.S. Fang

W.X. Fang

Y.Q. Fang

R. Farinelli

L. Fava

F. Feldbauer

G. Felici

C.Q. Feng

J.H. Feng

L. Feng

Q.X. Feng

Y.T. Feng

Observation of Three Resonant Structures in the Cross Section of <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><msup><mi>e</mi><mo>+</mo></msup><msup><mi>e</mi><mo>−</mo></msup><mo stretchy="false">→</mo><msup><mi>π</mi><mo>+</mo></msup><msup><mi>π</mi><mo>−</mo></msup><msub><mi>h</mi><mi>c</mi></msub></math>

The first search for a heavy neutral spin-1 gauge boson (<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mrow><msup><mrow><mi>Z</mi></mrow><mrow><mo>′</mo></mrow></msup></mrow></math>) with nonuniversal fermion couplings produced via vector boson fusion processes and decaying to tau leptons or <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mi>W</mi></math> bosons is presented. The analysis is performed using LHC data at <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><msqrt><mi>s</mi></msqrt><mo>=</mo><mn>13</mn><mtext> </mtext><mtext> </mtext><mi>TeV</mi></math>, collected from 2016 to 2018 with the CMS experiment and corresponding to an integrated luminosity of <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mrow><mn>138</mn><mtext> </mtext><mtext> </mtext><msup><mrow><mi>fb</mi></mrow><mrow><mo>−</mo><mn>1</mn></mrow></msup></mrow></math>. The data are consistent with the standard model predictions. Upper limits are set on the product of the cross section for production of the <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mrow><msup><mrow><mi>Z</mi></mrow><mrow><mo>′</mo></mrow></msup></mrow></math> boson and its branching fraction to <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mi>τ</mi><mi>τ</mi></math> or <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mi>W</mi><mi>W</mi></math>. The presence of a <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mrow><msup><mrow><mi>Z</mi></mrow><mrow><mo>′</mo></mrow></msup></mrow></math> boson decaying to <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mrow><mrow><msup><mrow><mi>τ</mi></mrow><mrow><mo>+</mo></mrow></msup></mrow><mrow><msup><mrow><mi>τ</mi></mrow><mrow><mo>−</mo></mrow></msup></mrow></mrow></math> (<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mrow><mrow><msup><mrow><mi>W</mi></mrow><mrow><mo>+</mo></mrow></msup></mrow><mrow><msup><mrow><mi>W</mi></mrow><mrow><mo>−</mo></mrow></msup></mrow></mrow></math>) is excluded for masses up to 2.45(1.60) TeV, depending on the <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mrow><msup><mrow><mi>Z</mi></mrow><mrow><mo>′</mo></mrow></msup></mrow></math> boson coupling to standard model weak bosons, and assuming a <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mrow><mrow><msup><mrow><mi>Z</mi></mrow><mrow><mo>′</mo></mrow></msup></mrow><mo stretchy="false">→</mo><mrow><msup><mrow><mi>τ</mi></mrow><mrow><mo>+</mo></mrow></msup></mrow><mrow><msup><mrow><mi>τ</mi></mrow><mrow><mo>−</mo></mrow></msup></mrow></mrow></math> (<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mrow><mrow><msup><mrow><mi>W</mi></mrow><mrow><mo>+</mo></mrow></msup></mrow><mrow><msup><mrow><mi>W</mi></mrow><mrow><mo>−</mo></mrow></msup></mrow></mrow></math>) branching fraction of 50%.

Armenia

A. Hayrapetyan

A. Tumasyan

Austria

W. Adam

J.W. Andrejkovic

L. Benato

T. Bergauer

S. Chatterjee

K. Damanakis

M. Dragicevic

P.S. Hussain

M. Jeitler

N. Krammer

A. Li

D. Liko

I. Mikulec

J. Schieck

R. Schöfbeck

D. Schwarz

M. Sonawane

W. Waltenberger

C.E. Wulz

Belgium

T. Janssen

T. Van Laer

P. Van Mechelen

N. Breugelmans

J. D’Hondt

S. Dansana

A. De Moor

M. Delcourt

F. Heyen

S. Lowette

I. Makarenko

D. Müller

S. Tavernier

M. Tytgat

G.P. Van Onsem

S. Van Putte

D. Vannerom

B. Bilin

B. Clerbaux

A.K. Das

I. De Bruyn

G. De Lentdecker

H. Evard

L. Favart

P. Gianneios

J. Jaramillo

A. Khalilzadeh

F.A. Khan

K. Lee

A. Malara

S. Paredes

M.A. Shahzad

L. Thomas

M. Vanden Bemden

C. Vander Velde

P. Vanlaer

M. De Coen

D. Dobur

G. Gokbulut

Y. Hong

J. Knolle

L. Lambrecht

D. Marckx

K. Mota Amarilo

K. Skovpen

N. Van Den Bossche

J. van der Linden

Search for a Neutral Gauge Boson with Nonuniversal Fermion Couplings in Vector Boson Fusion Processes in Proton-Proton Collisions at <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><msqrt><mi>s</mi></msqrt><mo>=</mo><mn>13</mn><mtext> </mtext><mtext> </mtext><mi>TeV</mi></math>