The photoproduction of <math altimg='si1.svg'><mi>J</mi><mo stretchy='false'>/</mo><mi>&#968;</mi></math> meson off the nucleon is investigated using a dynamical model based on a Hamiltonian that describes the reaction mechanisms involving meson-exchange and direct <math altimg='si1.svg'><mi>J</mi><mo stretchy='false'>/</mo><mi>&#968;</mi></math>-radiation terms. Pomeron exchange is also included to account for the monotonically increasing high-energy behavior of the cross section. To explore the low-energy mechanism, we scrutinize the role of light-meson [ <math altimg='si2.svg'><msup><mrow><mi>&#960;</mi></mrow><mrow><mn>0</mn></mrow></msup><mo stretchy='false'>(</mo><mn>135</mn><mo stretchy='false'>)</mo></math>, <math altimg='si3.svg'><mi>&#951;</mi><mo stretchy='false'>(</mo><mn>548</mn><mo stretchy='false'>)</mo></math>, <math altimg='si4.svg'><msup><mrow><mi>&#951;</mi></mrow><mrow><mo>&#8242;</mo></mrow></msup><mo stretchy='false'>(</mo><mn>958</mn><mo stretchy='false'>)</mo></math>, <math altimg='si5.svg'><msub><mrow><mi>f</mi></mrow><mrow><mn>1</mn></mrow></msub><mo stretchy='false'>(</mo><mn>1285</mn><mo stretchy='false'>)</mo></math>] and charmonium-meson [ <math altimg='si27.svg'><msub><mrow><mi>&#951;</mi></mrow><mrow><mi>c</mi></mrow></msub><mo stretchy='false'>(</mo><mn>1</mn><mi>S</mi><mo stretchy='false'>)</mo></math>, <math altimg='si28.svg'><msub><mrow><mi>&#967;</mi></mrow><mrow><mi>c</mi><mn>0</mn></mrow></msub><mo stretchy='false'>(</mo><mn>1</mn><mi>P</mi><mo stretchy='false'>)</mo></math>, <math altimg='si29.svg'><msub><mrow><mi>&#967;</mi></mrow><mrow><mi>c</mi><mn>1</mn></mrow></msub><mo stretchy='false'>(</mo><mn>1</mn><mi>P</mi><mo stretchy='false'>)</mo></math>, <math altimg='si30.svg'><msub><mrow><mi>&#951;</mi></mrow><mrow><mi>c</mi></mrow></msub><mo stretchy='false'>(</mo><mn>2</mn><mi>S</mi><mo stretchy='false'>)</mo></math>, <math altimg='si10.svg'><msub><mrow><mi>&#967;</mi></mrow><mrow><mi>c</mi><mn>1</mn></mrow></msub><mo stretchy='false'>(</mo><mn>3872</mn><mo stretchy='false'>)</mo></math>] exchanges in the <italic>t</italic>-channel diagram. Most of the coupling constants are determined from the radiative decays of the <math altimg='si1.svg'><mi>J</mi><mo stretchy='false'>/</mo><mi>&#968;</mi></math> or the relevant charmonium mesons. The final <math altimg='si1.svg'><mi>J</mi><mo stretchy='false'>/</mo><mi>&#968;</mi></math>- <italic>N</italic> interaction is described by gluon-exchange and direct <math altimg='si11.svg'><mi>J</mi><mo stretchy='false'>/</mo><mi>&#968;</mi><mi>N</mi></math> coupling. The parameters of the Hamiltonian are fitted using the latest GlueX and <math altimg='si1.svg'><mi>J</mi><mo stretchy='false'>/</mo><mi>&#968;</mi></math>-007 experiments at the Jefferson Laboratory (JLab). We find that among the meson-exchange terms, the light mesons <math altimg='si3.svg'><mi>&#951;</mi><mo stretchy='false'>(</mo><mn>548</mn><mo stretchy='false'>)</mo></math> and <math altimg='si4.svg'><msup><mrow><mi>&#951;</mi></mrow><mrow><mo>&#8242;</mo></mrow></msup><mo stretchy='false'>(</mo><mn>958</mn><mo stretchy='false'>)</mo></math> make the most significant contributions to <math altimg='si12.svg'><mi>&#947;</mi><mi>p</mi><mo stretchy='false'>&#8594;</mo><mi>J</mi><mo stretchy='false'>/</mo><mi>&#968;</mi><mi>p</mi></math>, while the effect of charmonium mesons is relatively minor. The final-state interaction (FSI) contribution is found to be 1 - 2 orders of magnitude smaller than that of the Born term, but becomes significant near the threshold when a Yukawa-type potential is employed for the charmonium-nucleon interaction. The resulting total and <italic>t</italic>-dependent differential cross sections show good agreement with the JLab data. High-precision angular measurements near the threshold energy ( <math altimg='si13.svg'><msub><mrow><mi>E</mi></mrow><mrow><mi>&#947;</mi></mrow></msub><mo>&#10877;</mo><mn>8.9</mn></math> GeV) are highly desirable to clarify the role of the FSI term.

South Korea

Sang-Ho Kim

<italic>J</italic>/ <italic>&#968;</italic>-meson photoproduction off the nucleon in a dynamical model

We explore constraints that arise from associating an entanglement wedge (EW) to subregions of a cutoff boundary at a finite distance in AdS/CFT, using a subcritical end-of-the-world (ETW) brane acting as a cutoff.

United States

Krishan Saraswat

Constraints from entanglement wedge nesting for holography at a finite cutoff

Cosmic strings are powerful witnesses to cosmic events including any period of early matter domination. If such a period of matter domination was catalyzed by metastable, long-lived particles, then there will be complementary signals to ascertain the nature of the dark sector in experiments detecting primordial features in the gravitational wave (GW) power spectrum and laboratory searches for long-lived particles. We give explicit examples of global and local <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mi>U</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mn>1</mn><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></math> gauge extended dark sectors to demonstrate such a complementarity as the union of the two experiments reveals more information about the dark sector than either experiment. Demanding that Higgs-portal long-lived scalar be looked for, in various experiments such as DUNE, FASER, FASER-II, MATHUSLA, and SHiP, we identify the parameter space that leads to complementary observables for GW detectors such as the Laser Interferometer Space Antenna and Einstein Telescope.

China

Satyabrata Datta

India

Ambar Ghosal

Poland

Anish Ghoshal

United Kingdom

Graham White

Complementarity between cosmic string gravitational waves and long-lived particle searches in a laboratory

Addressing the fermion flavor structures using modular invariance is a challenging task in the framework of quark-lepton unification. Building on recent applications of modular symmetry in nonsupersymmetric models, we propose the first renormalizable <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mi>S</mi><mi>U</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mn>5</mn><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></math> grand unified theory incorporating level 3 nonholomorphic modular symmetry, <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><msub><mi mathvariant="normal">Γ</mi><mn>3</mn></msub><mo>≃</mo><msub><mi>A</mi><mn>4</mn></msub></math>. This framework constrains Yukawa couplings to polyharmonic Maaß forms, significantly reducing the number of free parameters while enhancing the predictive power of the models. We present a comprehensive analysis of fermion masses and mixing while tackling key grand unified theory (GUT) queries such as gauge coupling unification and proton decay. Beyond the minimal <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mi>S</mi><mi>U</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mn>5</mn><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></math> framework, the Higgs sector incorporates the <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mn>4</mn><msub><mn>5</mn><mi>H</mi></msub></math> dimensional Higgs field crucial in differentiating the masses of down quarks and charged leptons, and the fermion sector is extended with three right-handed neutrinos enabling neutrino masses via the type-I seesaw mechanism. We analyze two benchmark models with distinct modular weight and <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><msub><mi>A</mi><mn>4</mn></msub></math> charge assignments. The predicted effective Majorana mass <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><msub><mi>m</mi><mrow><mi>β</mi><mi>β</mi></mrow></msub></math> values align with current neutrinoless double-beta decay experiments, and the effective neutrino mass <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><msub><mi>m</mi><mi>β</mi></msub></math> is within the reach of future beta decay searches. The predicted sum of neutrino masses, <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mo>∑</mo><msub><mi>m</mi><mi>i</mi></msub></math>, satisfies the upper bound set by recent cosmological observations. The gauge coupling unification is achieved through a light scalar triplet <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><msub><mi>ϕ</mi><mn>3</mn></msub><mo>∼</mo><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mn>3</mn><mo>,</mo><mn>3</mn><mo>,</mo><mo>−</mo><mn>1</mn><mo>/</mo><mn>3</mn><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></math> and a scalar octet <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><msub><mi>ϕ</mi><mn>5</mn></msub><mo>∼</mo><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mn>8</mn><mo>,</mo><mn>2</mn><mo>,</mo><mn>1</mn><mo>/</mo><mn>2</mn><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></math> belonging to the <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mn>4</mn><msub><mn>5</mn><mi>H</mi></msub></math> Higgs, while proton decay constraints require that the contribution of the <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mn>4</mn><msub><mn>5</mn><mi>H</mi></msub></math> Higgs to the up-quark mass matrix remains highly suppressed.

United Arab Emirates

Mohamed Amin Loualidi

Morocco

Mohamed Miskaoui

Salah Nasri

Nonholomorphic <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><msub><mi>A</mi><mn>4</mn></msub></math> modular invariance for fermion masses and mixing in <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mi>S</mi><mi>U</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mn>5</mn><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></math> GUT

Coherent elastic neutrino-nucleus scattering (<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mrow><mi>CE</mi><mi>ν</mi><mi>NS</mi></mrow></math>) is a key process for probing Standard Model and beyond the Standard Model (BSM) properties. Following its first detection by the COHERENT Collaboration, recent reactor-based experiments provide a unique opportunity to refine our current understanding. In particular, the high-precision data from <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mrow><mi>CONUS</mi><mo>+</mo></mrow></math>, combined with the strong bounds from TEXONO, not only validate the <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mrow><mi>CE</mi><mi>ν</mi><mi>NS</mi></mrow></math> process at low energies but also provide improved constraints on the weak mixing angle, neutrino electromagnetic properties (including the charge radius, millicharge, and magnetic moment), and nonstandard interactions and light mediators. We also examine the role of elastic neutrino-electron scattering, which gains significance in certain BSM scenarios and allows us to obtain the best limit for the millicharge of the electron neutrinos. By combining reactor and higher-energy spallation neutron source measurements, this work strengthens <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mrow><mi>CE</mi><mi>ν</mi><mi>NS</mi></mrow></math> as a precision tool for testing the Standard Model and beyond.

Italy

M. Atzori Corona

M. Cadeddu

N. Cargioli

F. Dordei

C. Giunti

Reactor antineutrinos <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mrow><mi>CE</mi><mi>ν</mi><mi>NS</mi></mrow></math> on germanium: <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mrow><mi>CONUS</mi><mo>+</mo></mrow></math> and TEXONO as a new gateway to SM and BSM physics

It is well-known that the momentum spectra of particles confined to finite spatial volumes deviate from the continuous spectra used for unconfined particles. In this article, we consider real scalar particles confined to finite volumes with periodic boundary conditions, such that the particles’ spectra are discrete. We directly compute the density matrices describing the decay processes $$\phi \rightarrow \varphi ^2$$ and $$\phi \rightarrow \varphi \chi \nu $$ , and subsequently derive expressions for the decay probabilities both for confined and unconfined particles. The latter decay process is used as a rough toy model for a neutron decaying into a proton, an electron, and an anti-electron neutrino. We propose that finite volume effects can have an impact on the outcomes of experiments measuring the neutron lifetime. In addition, our findings at the toy model level suggest that taking into account possible initial correlations between neutrons and their daughter particles might be relevant as well.

Austria

Christian Käding

Particles in finite volumes and a toy model of decaying neutrons

Extensive air showers produce high-energy muons that can be utilized to probe hadronic interaction models in cosmic ray interactions. Most muons originate from pion and kaon decays, called $\textit{conventional}$ muons, while a smaller fraction, referred to as $\textit{prompt}$ muons, arises from the decay of heavier, short-lived hadrons. The option of the air shower simulation tool is used in this work to investigate the prompt and conventional muon flux in the energy range of $${100}\,\hbox {TeV}$$ – $${100}\,\hbox {PeV}$$ , utilizing the newly developed open-source python software . Identifying the muon parent particles allows for scaling the contribution of prompt particles, which can be leveraged by future experimental analyses to measure the normalization of the prompt muon flux. Obtained prompt muon spectra from are compared to results. The relevance to large-volume neutrino detectors, such as IceCube and KM3NeT, and the connection to hadronic interaction models is discussed.

Sweden

Germany

Ludwig Neste

Pascal Gutjahr

Mirco Hünnefeld

Jean-Marco Alameddine

Wolfgang Rhode

Julia Tjus

Felix Riehn

Kevin Kröninger

Johannes Albrecht

Prompt and conventional high-energy muon spectra from a full Monte Carlo simulation via

We compute the electrical conductivities at non-zero frequency in a top-down holographic model of a Weyl semimetal, consisting of $$ \mathcal{N} $$ = 4 supersymmetric SU($\textit{N}$ ) Yang-Mills theory coupled to $$ \mathcal{N} $$ = 2 hypermultiplets with mass $\textit{m}$, subject to an applied axial vector field $\textit{b}$. The model exhibits a first-order phase transition between a Weyl semimetal phase at small $\textit{m}$/$\textit{b}$ and an insulating phase at large $\textit{m}$/$\textit{b}$. The conductivities develop peaks and troughs as functions of real frequency at low temperatures and for $\textit{m}$/$\textit{b}$ close to the phase transition. We compute the poles of the conductivities as functions of complex frequency, finding poles with small imaginary part at low temperatures and close to the phase transition.

Haruki Furukawa

France

Sacha Ployet

Ronnie Rodgers

Conductivities and excitations of a holographic flavour brane Weyl semimetal

We consider a three-dimensional gravity model that includes (non-linear) Maxwell and Chern-Simons-like terms, allowing for the existence of electrically charged rotating black hole solutions with a static electromagnetic potential. We verify that a Cardy-like formula, based not on central charges but on the mass of the uncharged and non-spinning soliton, obtained via a double Wick rotation of the neutral static black hole solution, accurately reproduces the Bekenstein-Hawking entropy. Furthermore, we show that a slight generalization of this model, incorporating a dilatonic field and extra gauge fields, admits charged and rotating black hole solutions with asymptotic Lifshitz behavior. The entropy of these solutions can likewise be derived using the Cardy-like formula, with the Lifshitz-type soliton serving as the ground state. Based on these results, we propose a generalized Cardy-like formula that successfully reproduces the semiclassical entropy in all the studied cases.

Chile

Moises Bravo-Gaete

Czechia

Adolfo Cisterna

Mokhtar Hassaine

David Kubizňák

Cardy entropy of charged and rotating asymptotically AdS and Lifshitz solutions with a generalized Chern–Simons term

We explore analytically the implications of a curvature-modified extended uncertainty principle (EUP) derived in a rotating Gödel spacetime and apply it to the construction of a semiclassical black hole model. Adapting techniques from corpuscular black hole frameworks, we reinterpret the Gödel-type uncertainty relation as an effective energy bound, leading to a modified lapse function with explicit dependence on the global rotation parameter <italic>a</italic> and the radial coordinate <math altimg='si1.svg'><msub><mrow><mi>r</mi></mrow><mrow><mn>0</mn></mrow></msub></math>. Analytic expressions are derived for key gravitational features, including the event horizon, photon spherehere, shadow radius, and deflection angle, with curvature corrections scaling as <math altimg='si2.svg'><msup><mrow><mi>a</mi></mrow><mrow><mo linebreak='badbreak' linebreakstyle='after'>&#8722;</mo><mn>2</mn></mrow></msup></math> and <math altimg='si3.svg'><msubsup><mrow><mi>r</mi></mrow><mrow><mn>0</mn></mrow><mrow><mn>2</mn></mrow></msubsup><mo stretchy='false'>/</mo><msup><mrow><mi>a</mi></mrow><mrow><mn>4</mn></mrow></msup></math>. Series expansion in the limit <math altimg='si4.svg'><mi>a</mi><mo stretchy='false'>&#8594;</mo><mo>&#8734;</mo></math> shows that global rotation consistently increases all observables relative to the Schwarzschild case. Applying these results to astrophysical data, we use Event Horizon Telescope (EHT) measurements of Sgr A* and M87* to infer lower bounds of <math altimg='si5.svg'><mi>a</mi><mo stretchy='false'>/</mo><mi>M</mi><mo>&#8764;</mo><msup><mrow><mn>10</mn></mrow><mrow><mn>5</mn></mrow></msup></math>, while solar system light-bending observations in the parametrized post-Newtonian (PPN) framework yield <math altimg='si6.svg'><mi>a</mi><mo stretchy='false'>/</mo><msub><mrow><mi>M</mi></mrow><mrow><mo>&#8857;</mo></mrow></msub><mo>&#8764;</mo><mn>5</mn><mo>&#215;</mo><msup><mrow><mn>10</mn></mrow><mrow><mn>4</mn></mrow></msup></math>. These large but finite values validate the asymptotic expansion and confirm that G&#246;del-type rotation remains observationally suppressed, yet theoretically coherent. Our results demonstrate that global rotation, when treated semiclassically via curvature-modified uncertainty, introduces detectable signatures in principle, though well below current observational sensitivity. The framework offers a consistent path toward exploring the quantum-gravitational interplay between global geometry and local black hole structure.

Philippines

Reggie C. Pantig

Extended uncertainty principle inspired black hole in a Gödel Universe