We explore the leptonic sector of a recently proposed supersymmetric SO(10) model with supersymmetry breaking in the 3–10 TeV range. A new ingredient in this work is the requirement that the observed baryon asymmetry is explained via non-thermal leptogenesis, which can be realized in a large class of supersymmetric hybrid inflation models including SO(10). We provide estimates for the masses of the three Standard Model neutrinos (with the lightest mass $\textit{m}$ ≈ 5 meV) as well as the three right-handed neutrinos ($\textit{M}$ ≈ 10 GeV and $\textit{M}$ ≈ 10 GeV). The best fit estimate for the leptonic CP violating parameter $\textit{δ}$ ≈ 235$\textit{°}$, and the value of the neutrinoless double beta decay mass parameter $\textit{m}$ ≈ 0.18 meV. A numerical analysis broadens the predicted range for $\textit{δ}$ (100$\textit{°}$–300$\textit{°}$), but leaves largely intact the predictions for the six (light and heavy) neutrino masses and $\textit{m}$ . Our statistical analysis, which yields the likelihood-predicted ranges of the observables, is fully consistent with JUNO’s newly released first measurement of reactor neutrino oscillations in the $$ \Delta {m}_{12}^2 $$ -sin $\textit{θ}$ plane, with JUNO improving the precision by a factor of 1.6 relative to the combination of all previous measurements. The implementation of successful non-thermal leptogenesis allows us to provide estimates for the inflaton mass ($\textit{m}$ ≈ 7 × 10 GeV) and the reheating temperature ($\textit{T}$ ≈ 4 × 10 GeV).

Slovenia

Shaikh Saad

United States

Qaisar Shafi

Neutrino masses, $\textit{δ}$ PMNS, and $\textit{m}$ $\textit{ββ}$ in SO(10)

We study energy-energy correlators (EECs) in <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><msup><mi>e</mi><mo>+</mo></msup><msup><mi>e</mi><mo>−</mo></msup></math> annihilation and deep inelastic lepton-hadron scattering (DIS), focusing on aspects of nonperturbative physics in these observables. We introduce the EEC jet functions and investigate the infrared behavior of both small-angle EECs and angle-integrated EECs by performing explicit one-loop calculations. The factorization and universality of the EECs in these processes are demonstrated. A matching scheme is proposed to smoothly connect kinematic regions where different scaling behaviors with jet energy are observed. In combination with the next-to-leading order correction, this matching provides a good description of the EEC data and pythia simulations in high-energy <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><msup><mi>e</mi><mo>+</mo></msup><msup><mi>e</mi><mo>−</mo></msup></math> annihilation. Predictions for DIS processes for future electron-ion collider kinematics are also presented.

Yuxun Guo

Werner Vogelsang

Feng Yuan

Wenbin Zhao

Energy-energy correlators in <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><msup><mi>e</mi><mo>+</mo></msup><msup><mi>e</mi><mo>−</mo></msup></math> annihilation and deep inelastic scattering

Using <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mn>4.5</mn><mrow><mtext> </mtext><mtext> </mtext><msup><mi>fb</mi><mrow><mo>−</mo><mn>1</mn></mrow></msup></mrow></math> of <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><msup><mi>e</mi><mo>+</mo></msup><msup><mi>e</mi><mo>−</mo></msup></math> collision data collected by the BESIII detector at center-of-mass energies between 4.600 and 4.699 GeV, we search for the semileptonic decays <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><msubsup><mi mathvariant="normal">Λ</mi><mi>c</mi><mo>+</mo></msubsup><mo stretchy="false">→</mo><msup><mi mathvariant="normal">Σ</mi><mo>+</mo></msup><msup><mi>π</mi><mo>−</mo></msup><msup><mi>e</mi><mo>+</mo></msup><msub><mi>ν</mi><mi>e</mi></msub></math> and <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><msubsup><mi mathvariant="normal">Λ</mi><mi>c</mi><mo>+</mo></msubsup><mo stretchy="false">→</mo><msup><mi mathvariant="normal">Σ</mi><mo>−</mo></msup><msup><mi>π</mi><mo>+</mo></msup><msup><mi>e</mi><mo>+</mo></msup><msub><mi>ν</mi><mi>e</mi></msub></math> for the first time. Assuming their branching fractions are equal under isospin symmetry, evidence for <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><msubsup><mi mathvariant="normal">Λ</mi><mi>c</mi><mo>+</mo></msubsup><mo stretchy="false">→</mo><msup><mi mathvariant="normal">Σ</mi><mo>±</mo></msup><msup><mi>π</mi><mo>∓</mo></msup><msup><mi>e</mi><mo>+</mo></msup><msub><mi>ν</mi><mi>e</mi></msub></math> is reported with a significance of <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mn>3.6</mn><mi>σ</mi></math>. The corresponding branching fraction is measured to be <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mi mathvariant="script">B</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><msubsup><mi mathvariant="normal">Λ</mi><mi>c</mi><mo>+</mo></msubsup><mo stretchy="false">→</mo><msup><mi mathvariant="normal">Σ</mi><mo>±</mo></msup><msup><mi>π</mi><mo>∓</mo></msup><msup><mi>e</mi><mo>+</mo></msup><msub><mi>ν</mi><mi>e</mi></msub><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo>=</mo><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><msubsup><mn>7.7</mn><mrow><mo>−</mo><msub><mn>2.3</mn><mrow><mi>stat</mi></mrow></msub></mrow><mrow><mo>+</mo><mn>2.5</mn></mrow></msubsup><mo>±</mo><msub><mn>1.3</mn><mrow><mi>syst</mi></mrow></msub><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo>×</mo><msup><mn>10</mn><mrow><mo>−</mo><mn>4</mn></mrow></msup></math>, which is consistent with quark model predictions within two standard deviations.

M. Ablikim

M.N. Achasov

P. Adlarson

X.C. Ai

R. Aliberti

A. Amoroso

Q. An

Y. Bai

O. Bakina

Y. Ban

H.R. Bao

V. Batozskaya

K. Begzsuren

N. Berger

M. Berlowski

M. Bertani

D. Bettoni

F. Bianchi

E. Bianco

A. Bortone

I. Boyko

R.A. Briere

A. Brueggemann

H. Cai

M.H. Cai

X. Cai

A. Calcaterra

G.F. Cao

N. Cao

S.A. Cetin

X.Y. Chai

J.F. Chang

G.R. Che

Y.Z. Che

G. Chelkov

C.H. Chen

Chao Chen

G. Chen

H.S. Chen

H.Y. Chen

M.L. Chen

S.J. Chen

S.L. Chen

S.M. Chen

T. Chen

X.R. Chen

X.T. Chen

Y.B. Chen

Y.Q. Chen

Z.J. Chen

Z.K. Chen

S.K. Choi

X. Chu

G. Cibinetto

F. Cossio

J.J. Cui

H.L. Dai

J.P. Dai

A. Dbeyssi

R.E. de Boer

D. Dedovich

C.Q. Deng

Z.Y. Deng

A. Denig

I. Denysenko

M. Destefanis

F. De Mori

B. Ding

X.X. Ding

Y. Ding

Y.X. Ding

J. Dong

L.Y. Dong

M.Y. Dong

X. Dong

M.C. Du

S.X. Du

Y.Y. Duan

Z.H. Duan

P. Egorov

G.F. Fan

J.J. Fan

Y.H. Fan

J. Fang

S.S. Fang

W.X. Fang

Y.Q. Fang

R. Farinelli

L. Fava

F. Feldbauer

G. Felici

C.Q. Feng

J.H. Feng

Y.T. Feng

M. Fritsch

C.D. Fu

J.L. Fu

Evidence for the semileptonic decays <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><msubsup><mi mathvariant="normal">Λ</mi><mi>c</mi><mo>+</mo></msubsup><mo stretchy="false">→</mo><msup><mi mathvariant="normal">Σ</mi><mo>±</mo></msup><msup><mi>π</mi><mo>∓</mo></msup><msup><mi>e</mi><mo>+</mo></msup><msub><mi>ν</mi><mi>e</mi></msub></math>

In double charmonium production, a long-standing challenge is that the theoretical predictions are not consistent with the measurements at <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mi>B</mi></math> factories. Within the Non-Relativistic Quantum Chromodynamics (NRQCD) framework, the next-to-leading order calculation has proved its power to cut down the discrepancy between theory and experiments. To further clarify this puzzle, we have performed the next-to-next-to-leading order calculation. The amplitude is obtained as an analytical asymptotic expansion in the ratio of the squared charm-quark mass over the squared center-of-mass energy, <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><msubsup><mi>m</mi><mi>c</mi><mn>2</mn></msubsup><mo>/</mo><mi>s</mi></math>. We investigate the origin of the leading logarithms by performing a region analysis, revealing the intricate factorization structure in this process. We provide numerical predictions on the total cross sections of <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mi>J</mi><mo>/</mo><mi>ψ</mi><mo>+</mo><msub><mi>η</mi><mi>c</mi></msub></math> production, which agree with the experimental results. Extension of our computation to <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mi mathvariant="normal">ϒ</mi><mo>+</mo><msub><mi>η</mi><mi>b</mi></msub></math> production is also discussed.

Xiang Chen

Xin Guan

Chuan-Qi He

Yan-Qing Ma

Jian Wang

Da-Jiang Zhang

Analytical two-loop amplitudes of <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><msup><mi>e</mi><mo>+</mo></msup><msup><mi>e</mi><mo>−</mo></msup><mo stretchy="false">→</mo><mi>J</mi><mo>/</mo><mi>ψ</mi><mo>+</mo><msub><mi>η</mi><mi>c</mi></msub></math> at <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mi>B</mi></math> factories

The efficient classification of electromagnetic activity from <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><msup><mi>π</mi><mn>0</mn></msup></math> and electrons remains an open problem in the reconstruction of neutrino interactions in liquid argon time projection chamber (LArTPC) detectors. We address this problem using the mathematical framework of optimal transport (OT), which has been successfully employed for event classification in other high energy physics contexts and is ideally suited to the high-resolution calorimetry of LArTPCs. Using a publicly available simulated dataset from the MicroBooNE Collaboration, we show that OT methods achieve state-of-the-art reconstruction performance in <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mi>e</mi><mo>/</mo><msup><mi>π</mi><mn>0</mn></msup></math> classification. The success of this first application indicates the broader promise of OT methods for LArTPC-based neutrino experiments.

David Caratelli

Nathaniel Craig

Chuyue Fang

Jessica N. Howard

Optimal transport for <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mi>e</mi><mo>/</mo><msup><mi>π</mi><mn>0</mn></msup></math> particle classification in LArTPC neutrino experiments

In the experiment to study the <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><msup><mi>e</mi><mo>+</mo></msup><msup><mi>e</mi><mo>−</mo></msup><mo stretchy="false">→</mo><mi>n</mi><mover accent="true"><mi>n</mi><mo stretchy="false">¯</mo></mover></math> process at the VEPP-2000 <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mrow><msup><mrow><mi>e</mi></mrow><mrow><mo>+</mo></mrow></msup><msup><mrow><mi>e</mi></mrow><mrow><mo>−</mo></mrow></msup></mrow></math> collider, the ratio <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mo stretchy="false">|</mo><msub><mi>G</mi><mi>E</mi></msub><mo stretchy="false">|</mo><mo>/</mo><mo stretchy="false">|</mo><msub><mi>G</mi><mi>M</mi></msub><mo stretchy="false">|</mo></math> of the neutron timelike electric and magnetic form factors has been measured. The experiment was carried out with the SND detector in the center-of-mass energy range 1890–2000 MeV in eight energy points with an integrated luminosity of <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mn>83</mn><mtext> </mtext><mtext> </mtext><msup><mi>pb</mi><mrow><mo>−</mo><mn>1</mn></mrow></msup></math>. The <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mo stretchy="false">|</mo><msub><mi>G</mi><mi>E</mi></msub><mo stretchy="false">|</mo><mo>/</mo><mo stretchy="false">|</mo><msub><mi>G</mi><mi>M</mi></msub><mo stretchy="false">|</mo></math> ratio is determined by the analyzing the distribution of the polar angle of the produced antineutron. The measured <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mo stretchy="false">|</mo><msub><mi>G</mi><mi>E</mi></msub><mo stretchy="false">|</mo><mo>/</mo><mo stretchy="false">|</mo><msub><mi>G</mi><mi>M</mi></msub><mo stretchy="false">|</mo></math> value in the energy range under study is between 1.0 and 1.5 with an average value of <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mn>1.21</mn><mo>±</mo><mn>0.13</mn></math>.

A.E. Alizzi

A. Yu. Barnyakov

E.V. Bedarev

K.I. Beloborodov

A.V. Berdyugin

A.G. Bogdanchikov

A.A. Botov

T.V. Dimova

V.P. Druzhinin

R.A. Efremov

V.N. Zhabin

V.V. Zhulanov

P.V. Zhulanova

L.V. Kardapoltsev

A.S. Kasaev

A.A. Kattsin

D.P. Kovrizhin

I.A. Koop

A.A. Korol

A.S. Kupich

A.P. Kryukov

N.A. Melnikova

N. Yu. Muchnoi

A.E. Obrazovsky

A.A. Oorzhak

I.V. Ovtin

E.V. Pakhtusova

I.A. Polomoshnov

K.V. Pugachev

S.A. Rastigeev

Yu. A. Rogovsky

A.I. Senchenko

S.I. Serednyakov

Z.K. Silagadze

K.D. Sungurov

I.K. Surin

Yu. V. Usov

A.G. Kharlamov

D.E. Chistyakov

D.A. Shtol

Measurement of the neutron timelike electric and magnetic form factor ratio at the VEPP-2000 <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mrow><msup><mrow><mi>e</mi></mrow><mrow><mo>+</mo></mrow></msup><msup><mrow><mi>e</mi></mrow><mrow><mo>−</mo></mrow></msup></mrow></math> collider

We analyze the decay of <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mi>η</mi><mo stretchy="false">→</mo><msup><mo>ℓ</mo><mo>+</mo></msup><msup><mo>ℓ</mo><mo>−</mo></msup><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mo>ℓ</mo><mo>=</mo><mi>e</mi><mo>,</mo><mi>μ</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></math> via <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mi>J</mi><mo>/</mo><mi>ψ</mi><mo stretchy="false">→</mo><mi>γ</mi><msup><mi>η</mi><mo>′</mo></msup></math> and <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><msup><mi>η</mi><mo>′</mo></msup><mo stretchy="false">→</mo><msup><mi>π</mi><mo>+</mo></msup><msup><mi>π</mi><mo>−</mo></msup><mi>η</mi></math>, based on (<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mn>10087</mn><mo>±</mo><mn>44</mn></math>) <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mo>×</mo><mrow><msup><mrow><mn>10</mn></mrow><mrow><mn>6</mn></mrow></msup><mtext> </mtext><mtext> </mtext><mi>J</mi><mo>/</mo><mi>ψ</mi></mrow></math> events collected with the BESIII detector at the BEPCII storage rings. The branching fraction of <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mi>η</mi><mo stretchy="false">→</mo><msup><mi>μ</mi><mo>+</mo></msup><msup><mi>μ</mi><mo>−</mo></msup></math> is measured to be <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mn>5.8</mn><mo>±</mo><msub><mn>1.0</mn><mrow><mi>stat</mi></mrow></msub><mo>±</mo><msub><mn>0.2</mn><mrow><mi>syst</mi></mrow></msub><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo>×</mo><msup><mn>10</mn><mrow><mo>−</mo><mn>6</mn></mrow></msup></math>, which is consistent with the previous measurements and theoretical expectations. In addition, no significant <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mi>η</mi><mo stretchy="false">→</mo><msup><mi>e</mi><mo>+</mo></msup><msup><mi>e</mi><mo>−</mo></msup></math> signal is observed in the <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><msup><mi>e</mi><mo>+</mo></msup><msup><mi>e</mi><mo>−</mo></msup></math> invariant mass spectrum, and an improved upper limit of <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mi mathvariant="script">B</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>η</mi><mo stretchy="false">→</mo><msup><mi>e</mi><mo>+</mo></msup><msup><mi>e</mi><mo>−</mo></msup><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo>&lt;</mo><mn>2.2</mn><mo>×</mo><msup><mn>10</mn><mrow><mo>−</mo><mn>7</mn></mrow></msup></math> is set at 90% confidence level.

X.Y. Chen

Z. Chen

J.C. Cheng

J. Cottee-Meldrum

L. Feng

Measurement of the branching fraction of <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mi>η</mi><mo stretchy="false">→</mo><msup><mi>μ</mi><mo>+</mo></msup><msup><mi>μ</mi><mo>−</mo></msup></math> and search for <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mi>η</mi><mo stretchy="false">→</mo><msup><mi>e</mi><mo>+</mo></msup><msup><mi>e</mi><mo>−</mo></msup></math>

In all previous calculations of the nonlocal subleading contribution to the inclusive penguin decay <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mover accent="true"><mi>B</mi><mo stretchy="false">¯</mo></mover><mo stretchy="false">→</mo><msub><mi>X</mi><mi>s</mi></msub><mi>γ</mi></math> due to the interference of the electroweak operators <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><msubsup><mi mathvariant="script">O</mi><mn>1</mn><mi>c</mi></msubsup><mo>−</mo><msub><mi mathvariant="script">O</mi><mrow><mn>7</mn><mi>γ</mi></mrow></msub></math> the local Voloshin term was subtracted. In view of the ongoing analysis at order <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><msub><mi>α</mi><mi>s</mi></msub></math>, we present a calculation of the complete nonlocal contribution which takes into account the high correlation between the uncertainties of the local Voloshin and the nonlocal term of the previous analyses. The new calculation has a high impact on the range of the nonlocal contribution.

Michael Benzke

Maria Vittoria Garzelli

Tobias Hurth

Addendum to “Resolved <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mn>1</mn><mo>/</mo><msub><mi>m</mi><mi>b</mi></msub></math> contributions to <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mover accent="true"><mi>B</mi><mo stretchy="false">¯</mo></mover><mo stretchy="false">→</mo><msub><mi>X</mi><mrow><mi>s</mi><mo>,</mo><mi>d</mi></mrow></msub><msup><mo>ℓ</mo><mo>+</mo></msup><msup><mo>ℓ</mo><mo>−</mo></msup></math> and <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mover accent="true"><mi>B</mi><mo stretchy="false">¯</mo></mover><mo stretchy="false">→</mo><msub><mi>X</mi><mi>s</mi></msub><mi>γ</mi></math>”

We theoretically investigate the transfer of quantum coherence and entanglement in a tripartite system arising from the weak scattering process <math altimg='si12.svg'><mrow><msup><mi>e</mi><mo>+</mo></msup><msup><mi>e</mi><mo>&#8722;</mo></msup><mspace width='-0.16em' /><mo>&#8594;</mo><mspace width='-0.16em' /><msup><mi>&#956;</mi><mo>+</mo></msup><msup><mi>&#956;</mi><mo>&#8722;</mo></msup></mrow></math> mediated by <italic>Z</italic>-boson exchange. Our setup involves an electron&#8211;positron collision in which the incoming positron is initially entangled with a muon acting as a spectator that does not directly participate in the scattering process. Using a quantum-information framework, we track the evolution of bipartite entanglement and non-local coherence during the interaction, employing logarithmic negativity and the <italic>l</italic> <inf>1</inf>-norm of correlated coherence as quantitative measures. Restricting the analysis to the kinematically allowed region, we show that the scattering induces a redistribution of quantum correlations, transferring entanglement from the initial positron&#8211;spectator pair to the produced <math altimg='si13.svg'><mrow><msup><mi>&#956;</mi><mo>+</mo></msup><msup><mi>&#956;</mi><mo>&#8722;</mo></msup></mrow></math> pair and to spectator&#8211;(produced muon) bipartitions. The process can also generate entanglement between one of the produced muons and the distant spectator, despite the absence of any direct interaction between them, illustrating a non-local transfer of quantum resources. At the same time, local coherence exhibits a more limited variation and is progressively reduced as the electron momentum in the center-of-mass frame increases, indicating that the observed behavior is predominantly governed by non-local correlations. These results demonstrate how weak scattering processes can serve as a platform for exploring the dynamics of quantum correlations in high-energy physics.

Morocco

Yassine Oussarhan

Fouad Essaadi

Said Mouslih

Mohamed Ouhammou

Mohamed Jakha

Souad Taj

Bouzid Manaut

Transfer of quantum coherence and entanglement in weak <math altimg='si11.svg'><mrow><msup><mi>e</mi><mo>+</mo></msup><msup><mi>e</mi><mo>&#8722;</mo></msup><mo>&#10230;</mo><msup><mi>&#956;</mi><mo>+</mo></msup><msup><mi>&#956;</mi><mo>&#8722;</mo></msup></mrow></math> scattering through <italic>Z</italic>-boson exchange

Neutral triple gauge couplings (nTGCs) first arise from the dimension-8 operators of the Standard Model effective field theory (SMEFT), rather than the dimension-4 SM Lagrangian and dimension-6 SMEFT operators, opening up a unique window for probing new physics at the dimension-8 level. In this work, we formulate the nTGC form factors of <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mi>Z</mi><mi>Z</mi><msup><mi>V</mi><mo>*</mo></msup></math> (<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mrow><mi>V</mi><mo>=</mo><mi>Z</mi></mrow></math>, <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mrow><mi>γ</mi></mrow></math>) that are compatible with the spontaneous breaking of the <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mrow><mi>SU</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mn>2</mn><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">⊗</mo><mi mathvariant="normal">U</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mn>1</mn><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></mrow></math> electroweak gauge symmetry and consistently match the dimension-8 nTGC operators in the broken phase. We study the sensitivities for probing both the <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mi>Z</mi><mi>Z</mi><msup><mi>V</mi><mo>*</mo></msup></math> form factors and the corresponding new physics scales through <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mi>Z</mi><mi>Z</mi></math> production (with visible/invisible fermionic <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mi>Z</mi></math> decays) at high energy <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><msup><mi>e</mi><mo>+</mo></msup><msup><mi>e</mi><mo>−</mo></msup></math> colliders including CEPC, FCC-ee, LCF, ILC, and CLIC. In particular, we identify the dimension-8 operator that contributes to the pure triple <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mi>Z</mi></math> boson coupling <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mi>Z</mi><mi>Z</mi><msup><mi>Z</mi><mo>*</mo></msup></math> alone, but not the mixed <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mi>Z</mi><mi>Z</mi><msup><mi>γ</mi><mo>*</mo></msup></math> coupling. We further study the correlations between probes of the <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mi>Z</mi><mi>Z</mi><msup><mi>Z</mi><mo>*</mo></msup></math> and <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mi>Z</mi><mi>Z</mi><msup><mi>γ</mi><mo>*</mo></msup></math> couplings. Using machine learning, we show that angular distributions of the final-state fermions can play key roles in suppressing the SM backgrounds. The sensitivities can be further improved by using polarized <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><msup><mi>e</mi><mo>∓</mo></msup></math> beams, and we find that the optimal sensitivity bounds on the nTGC correlations are given by the mixed setting including both the unpolarized operation and the follow-up polarized operation. We demonstrate that machine learning is advantageous for handling the 4-body final states from <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mi>Z</mi><mi>Z</mi></math> decays and improves significantly the sensitivity reaches of probes of nTGCs in <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><msup><mi>e</mi><mo>+</mo></msup><msup><mi>e</mi><mo>−</mo></msup></math> collisions. We find that nTGC new physics scales can be probed up to the multi-TeV scale at the proposed <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><msup><mi>e</mi><mo>+</mo></msup><msup><mi>e</mi><mo>−</mo></msup></math> colliders.

John Ellis

Hong-Jian He

Rui-Qing Xiao

Shi-Ping Zeng

Probing neutral triple gauge couplings via <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mi>Z</mi><mi>Z</mi></math> production at <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><msup><mi>e</mi><mo>+</mo></msup><msup><mi>e</mi><mo>−</mo></msup></math> colliders with machine learning