The nuclear properties of bismuth isotopes <math altimg='si12.svg'><mrow><mo>(</mo><mi>Z</mi><mo linebreak='goodbreak'>=</mo><mn>83</mn><mo>)</mo></mrow></math>, with just one valence proton above the closed spherical shell at <math altimg='si13.svg'><mrow><mi>Z</mi><mo linebreak='goodbreak'>=</mo><mn>82</mn></mrow></math>, are expected to be governed by a single unpaired proton. However, already in semimagic 209Bi <math altimg='si14.svg'><mrow><mo>(</mo><mi>Z</mi><mo linebreak='goodbreak'>=</mo><mn>83</mn></mrow></math>, <math altimg='si15.svg'><mrow><mi>N</mi><mo linebreak='goodbreak'>=</mo><mn>126</mn><mo>)</mo></mrow></math>, the magnetic moment ( <italic>&#956;</italic>) strongly deviates from the single-particle Schmidt value. A near linear decrease in <italic>&#956;</italic> with the increase of <italic>N</italic> after the <math altimg='si4.svg'><mrow><mi>N</mi><mo linebreak='goodbreak'>=</mo><mn>126</mn></mrow></math> magic number was observed up to <math altimg='si16.svg'><mrow><mi>N</mi><mo linebreak='goodbreak'>=</mo><mn>130</mn></mrow></math>. In order to test whether this trend is kept at <italic>N</italic>&#8239;&gt;&#8239;130 and to reveal the underlying mechanisms, an investigation of 215,217Bi <math altimg='si17.svg'><mrow><mo>(</mo><mi>N</mi><mo linebreak='goodbreak'>=</mo><mn>132</mn><mo>,</mo><mn>134</mn><mo>)</mo></mrow></math> has been undertaken. The magnetic dipole and electric quadrupole moments of the <math altimg='si5.svg'><mrow><msup><mi>I</mi><mi>&#960;</mi></msup><mo linebreak='goodbreak'>=</mo><mn>9</mn><mo linebreak='goodbreak'>/</mo><msup><mn>2</mn><mo>&#8722;</mo></msup></mrow></math> nuclear ground states in these isotopes have been measured for the first time using the in-source resonance-ionization spectroscopy technique at ISOLDE (CERN). It has been shown that the linearly decreasing trend of <italic>&#956;</italic>( 209,211,213Bi <italic>g</italic>) is broken in 215,217Bi with a nearly constant value of <italic>&#956;</italic> observed. Experimental data have been compared to calculations in the framework of the configuration-interaction shell model with the monopole-based universal V <inf>MU</inf>+LS interaction. The peculiarities in the behavior of <italic>&#956;</italic>(Bi, <math altimg='si18.svg'><mrow><mn>9</mn><mo linebreak='goodbreak'>/</mo><msup><mn>2</mn><mo>&#8722;</mo></msup></mrow></math>) with increasing neutron number are explained as being due to the shell evolution, change of the neutron orbitals occupancies and strong configuration mixing beyond <math altimg='si16.svg'><mrow><mi>N</mi><mo linebreak='goodbreak'>=</mo><mn>130</mn></mrow></math>. Also, the difference in the <italic>&#956;</italic> trends for bismuth <math altimg='si12.svg'><mrow><mo>(</mo><mi>Z</mi><mo linebreak='goodbreak'>=</mo><mn>83</mn><mo>)</mo></mrow></math> and astatine <math altimg='si19.svg'><mrow><mo>(</mo><mi>Z</mi><mo linebreak='goodbreak'>=</mo><mn>85</mn><mo>)</mo></mrow></math> isotopes with <italic>N</italic>&#8239;&gt;&#8239;126 are reproduced by the shell-model calculations. It is shown that monopole interaction plays noticeable role in the description of the peculiarities of the <italic>&#956;</italic> behaviour. Additionally, the extension of the application of the V <inf>MU</inf> interaction to the <italic>&#956;</italic> isotopic trends for heavy nuclei is important for further study of the capabilities of this promising version of the shell-model calculations.

United Kingdom

A.N. Andreyev

A. Barzakh

M.D. Seliverstov

Z. Yue

China

Menglan Liu

Cenxi Yuan

Spain

Hungary

A. Algora

Slovakia

B. Andel

S. Antalic

Oman

M. Al Monthery

Germany

Switzerland

D. Atanasov

J. Benito

Italy

G. Benzoni

T. Berry

M.L. Bissell

K. Blaum

M.J.G. Borge

K. Chrysalidis

Romania

C. Clisu

Belgium

T.E. Cocolios

C. Costache

J.G. Cubiss

Canada

T. Day Goodacre

G.J. Farooq-Smith

D.V. Fedorov

V.N. Fedosseev

L.M. Fraile

Denmark

H.O.U. Fynbo

V. Gadelshin

L.P. Gaffney

United States

R. F Garcia Ruiz

C. Granados

Finland

P.T. Greenlees

R.D. Harding

L.J. Harkness-Brennan

R. Heinke

A. Herlert

M. Huyse

A. Illana

J. Jolie

D.S. Judson

Sweden

J. Karls

J. Konki

P. Larmonier

I. Lazarus

D. Leimbach

R. Lică

Z. Liu

France

D. Lunney

K.M. Lynch

M. Madurga

V. Manea

N. Marginean

R. Marginean

B.A. Marsh

C. Mihai

P. Molkanov

P. Mosat

M. Mougeot

J.R. Murias

E. Nacher

A. Negret

D. Neidherr

L. Nies

R.D. Page

S. Pascu

A. Perea

V. Pucknell

P. Rahkila

C. Raison

E. Rapisarda

K. Rezynkina

Japan

M. Rosenbush

R.E. Rossel

S. Rothe

V. Sánchez-Tembleque

K. Schomacker

L. Schweikhard

C. Seiffert

S. Sels

C. Sotty

L. Stan

M. Stryjczyk

D. Studer

J. Sundberg

C. Sürder

O. Tengblad

P. Van Duppen

V. Vedia

M. Verlinde

S. Viñals

N. Warr

A. Welker

F. Wienholtz

Australia

R.N. Wolf

Electromagnetic moments of 215,217Bi: Probing shell evolution beyond <math altimg='si4.svg'><mrow><mi>N</mi><mo linebreak='goodbreak'>=</mo><mn>126</mn></mrow></math>

S.J. Wang

A. Kanellakopoulos

X.F. Yang

S.W. Bai

J. Billowes

B. Cheal

C.S. Devlin

CERN

R.F. Garcia Ruiz

J.Z. Han

H. Heylen

S. Kaufmann

K. König

Á. Koszorús

Austria

S. Lechner

S. Malbrunot-Ettenauer

W. Nazarewicz

R. Neugart

G. Neyens

W. Nörtershäuser

T. Ratajczyk

P.G. Reinhard

L.V. Rodríguez

L. Xie

Z.Y. Xu

D.T. Yordanov

Y.M. Yu

Corrigendum to “Nuclear charge radii of germanium isotopes around N = 40” [Physics Letters B, 856 (2024)138867]

Collinear laser spectroscopy measurements were performed on $^{68−74}$Ge isotopes (<math><mi>Z</mi><mo>=</mo><mn>32</mn></math>) at ISOLDE-CERN, by probing the <math><mn>4</mn><msup><mrow><mi>s</mi></mrow><mrow><mn>2</mn></mrow></msup><mn>4</mn><msup><mrow><mi>p</mi></mrow><mrow><mn>2</mn></mrow></msup><mspace width="0.2em"></mspace><mmultiscripts><mrow><mi>P</mi></mrow><mrow><mn>1</mn></mrow><none></none><mprescripts></mprescripts><none></none><mrow><mn>3</mn></mrow></mmultiscripts><mo>→</mo><mn>4</mn><msup><mrow><mi>s</mi></mrow><mrow><mn>2</mn></mrow></msup><mn>4</mn><mi>p</mi><mn>5</mn><mi>s</mi><mspace width="0.2em"></mspace><mmultiscripts><mrow><mi>P</mi></mrow><mrow><mn>1</mn></mrow><mrow><mi>o</mi></mrow><mprescripts></mprescripts><none></none><mrow><mn>3</mn></mrow></mmultiscripts></math> atomic transition (269 nm) of germanium. Nuclear charge radii are determined via the measured isotope shifts, revealing a larger local variation than the neighboring isotopic chains. Nuclear density functional theory with the Fayans functionals Fy(Δr,HFB) and Fy(IVP), and the SV-min Skyrme describes the experimental data for the differential charge radii <math><mi>δ</mi><mo>〈</mo><msup><mrow><mi>r</mi></mrow><mrow><mn>2</mn></mrow></msup><mo>〉</mo></math> and charge radii <math><msub><mrow><mi>R</mi></mrow><mrow><mi>c</mi></mrow></msub></math> within the theoretical uncertainties. The observed large variation in the charge radii of germanium isotopes is better accounted for by theoretical models incorporating ground state quadrupole correlations. This suggests that the polarization effects due to pairing and deformation contribute to the observed large odd-even staggering in the charge radii of the Ge isotopic chain.

Nuclear charge radii of germanium isotopes around = 40

The magnetic dipole and the spectroscopic quadrupole moments of the nuclear ground states in the odd-mass nickel isotopes $^{59−67}$Ni have been determined using collinear laser spectroscopy at the CERN-ISOLDE facility. They are compared to ab initio valence-space in-medium similarity renormalization group (VS-IMSRG) calculations including contributions of two-body currents as well as to shell-model calculations. The two-body-current contributions significantly improve the agreement with experimental data, reducing the mean-square deviation from the experimental moments by a factor of 3 to 5, depending on the employed interaction. For all interactions, the largest contributions are obtained for the <math><msup><mrow><mfrac><mrow><mn>5</mn></mrow><mrow><mn>2</mn></mrow></mfrac></mrow><mrow><mo>−</mo></mrow></msup></math> (<math><msup><mrow><mfrac><mrow><mn>7</mn></mrow><mrow><mn>2</mn></mrow></mfrac></mrow><mrow><mo>−</mo></mrow></msup></math>) isotopes $^{65}$Ni ($^{55}$Ni), which is ascribed to the high angular momentum of the f orbitals. Our results demonstrate that the inclusion of two-body-current contributions to the magnetic moment in an isotopic chain of complex nuclei can be handled by the VS-IMSRG and can outperform phenomenological shell-model calculations using effective g-factors in the nickel region.

P. Müller

T. Miyagi

W. Gins

C. Gorges

R. Sánchez

S. Sailer

A. Schwenk

L. Wehner

C. Wraith

Electromagnetic moments of the odd-mass nickel isotopes Ni

We report on a set of high-precision measurements of nuclear binding and excitation energies, as well as nuclear spins, magnetic dipole and electric quadrupole moments of neutron-rich silver isotopes, $^{113−123}$Ag. The measurements were performed using the JYFLTRAP mass spectrometer and the collinear laser spectroscopy beamline at the Ion Guide Isotope Separator On-Line (IGISOL) facility. For the first time, we can firmly establish the ordering of the long-lived <math><msup><mrow><mi>I</mi></mrow><mrow><mi>π</mi></mrow></msup><mo>=</mo><mn>1</mn><mo>/</mo><msup><mrow><mn>2</mn></mrow><mrow><mo>−</mo></mrow></msup><mo>,</mo><mspace width="0.25em"></mspace><mn>7</mn><mo>/</mo><msup><mrow><mn>2</mn></mrow><mrow><mo>+</mo></mrow></msup></math> states in these isotopes, and pin down the inversion of these two levels at either <math><mi>A</mi><mo>=</mo><mn>121</mn><mspace width="0.25em"></mspace><mo>(</mo><mi>N</mi><mo>=</mo><mn>74</mn><mo>)</mo></math> or <math><mi>A</mi><mo>=</mo><mn>123</mn><mspace width="0.25em"></mspace><mo>(</mo><mi>N</mi><mo>=</mo><mn>76</mn><mo>)</mo></math>. We compare these findings to calculations performed with density functional theory (DFT), from which we establish the crucial role that the spin-orbit strength and time-odd mean fields play in the simultaneous description of electromagnetic moments and nuclear binding.

R.P. de Groote

D.A. Nesterenko

A. Kankainen

O. Beliuskina

J. Bonnard

P. Campbell

L. Canete

C. Delafosse

A. de Roubin

Poland

J. Dobaczewski

T. Eronen

S. Geldhof

M. Hukkanen

P. Imgram

R. Mathieson

I.D. Moore

I. Pohjalainen

M. Reponen

B. van den Borne

M. Vilén

S. Zadvornaya

Measurements of binding energies and electromagnetic moments of silver isotopes – A complementary benchmark of density functional theory

Nuclear moments of the antimony isotopes $^{113−133}$Sb are measured by collinear laser spectroscopy and used to benchmark phenomenological shell-model and ab initio calculations in the valence-space in-medium similarity renormalization group (VS-IMSRG). The shell-model calculations reproduce the electromagnetic moments over all Sb isotopes when suitable effective g-factors and charges are employed. Good agreement is achieved by VS-IMSRG for magnetic moments on the neutron-deficient side for both odd-even and odd-odd Sb isotopes while its results deviate from experiment on the neutron-rich side. When the same effective g-factors are used, VS-IMSRG agrees with experiment nearly as well as the shell model. Hence, the wave functions are very similar in both approaches and missing contributions to the M1 operator are identified as the cause of the discrepancy of VS-IMSRG with experiment. Electric quadrupole moments remain more challenging for VS-IMSRG.

J.S.M. Ginges

J.D. Holt

P. Plattner

G. Sanamyan

S.R. Stroberg

Y. Utsuno

Electromagnetic moments of the antimony isotopes Sb

The electric quadrupole moment of $^{49}$Sc was measured by collinear laser spectroscopy at CERN-ISOLDE to be <math><msub><mrow><mi>Q</mi></mrow><mrow><mi>s</mi></mrow></msub><mo>=</mo><mo>−</mo><mn>0.159</mn><mo>(</mo><mn>8</mn><mo>)</mo></math> eb, and a nearly tenfold improvement in precision was reached for the electromagnetic moments of $^{47,49}$Sc. The single-particle behavior and nucleon-nucleon correlations are investigated with the electromagnetic moments of <math><mi>Z</mi><mo>=</mo><mn>21</mn></math> isotopes and <math><mi>N</mi><mo>=</mo><mn>28</mn></math> isotones as valence neutrons and protons fill the distinctive <math><mn>0</mn><msub><mrow><mi>f</mi></mrow><mrow><mn>7</mn><mo>/</mo><mn>2</mn></mrow></msub></math> orbit, respectively, located between magic numbers, 20 and 28. The experimental data are interpreted with shell-model calculations using an effective interaction, and ab-initio valence-space in-medium similarity renormalization group calculations based on chiral interactions. These results highlight the sensitivity of nuclear electromagnetic moments to different types of nucleon-nucleon correlations, and establish an important benchmark for further developments of theoretical calculations.

B.S. Hu

C.L. Binnersley

K.T. Flanagan

J. Krämer

V. Lagaki

B. Maaß

F. Sommer

A.R. Vernon

X.B. Wang

S.G. Wilkins

Electromagnetic moments of scandium isotopes and = 28 Isotones in the Distinctive 0 Orbit