We solve the inverse quantum mechanical problem in holographic QCD by deriving a confining bulk potential directly from a given hadronic spectrum. Utilizing the semiclassical Rydberg-Klein-Rees (RKR) method, we reconstruct the potential corresponding to the vector meson spectrum of the top-down D3/D7 brane model. The derived bottom-up potential exhibits a sharp infrared cutoff, structurally mimicking the hardwall model. We characterize this new holographic model by computing the thermal deconfinement transition temperature and the configurational entropy of the <italic>&#961;</italic> meson trajectory. Our methodology offers a novel approach to reverse-engineer gravitational duals from spectroscopic data, thereby bridging the top-down and bottom-up approaches to confinement.

China

Miguel Angel Martin Contreras

Mitsutoshi Fujita

Chile

Alfredo Vega

Confining potential in holographic bottom-up QCD from WKB

The holographic heavy quark potential is investigated via holographic Wilson loops in the AdS soliton with gauge potential. We analyze two types of holographic Wilson loops. In the first type, holographic heavy quark potential shows the area law behavior. In the second type, the potential becomes zero at a critical length and physics analogous to the dissociation occurs. The mass of heavy quarkonia and the binding energy are examined. Lastly, the mass of 0 glueball-like operators dual to massless dilaton is calculated. The mass of 0 glueball-like operator decreases with increase of the gauge potential as expected in [hep-th]. The results are comparable with lattice QCD.

Bing Chen

Italy

Xun Chen

United States

Jun Zhang

The influence of Wilson lines on heavy quark anti-quark potential and mass

<p>We analyze the double Wick rotated Bañados-Teitelboim-Zanelli (BTZ) black hole with the Euclidean signature, which is a Riemannian manifold. We calculate thermodynamics, total energy of spacetime, and holographic two-point functions in the double Wick rotated background. Results agree with those of a rotating BTZ with the same periodicity.</p>

Hua-Yu Dai

Xi-Hao Fang

Notes on the double Wick rotated BTZ black hole

Abstract In this study, we examine the impact of the gluon condensate on holographic entanglement entropy within an Einstein-Dilaton model at both zero and finite temperatures. A critical length exists for the difference in entanglement entropy between connected and disconnected surfaces in this model, which is typically interpreted as an indicator of phase transition. As the gluon condensate increases, the critical length decreases, suggesting that confinement strengthens at zero temperature. Additionally, the entropic C-function abruptly drops to zero at the critical length, indicating the absence of entangled states. At finite temperatures, the results show that the effect of the gluon condensate on the critical length is qualitatively similar to that at zero temperature. We observe that the entropic C-function increases as a function of L at finite temperature, though it exhibits competitive behaviors when the gluon condensate is large.

Bo Yu

Peng-Cheng Chu

Xiao-Hua Li

The Effect of Gluon Condensate on the Entanglement Entropy in a Holographic Model

Gauge/gravity duality is used to study the properties of the doubly heavy baryon   $ ({QQq}) $   at finite rapidity and temperature in heavy-ion collisions. We investigate the impact of rapidity on string breaking and screening of   $ ({QQq}) $   and compare these effects with the results for   $ ({QQq}) $   in detail. Computations reveal that the string-breaking distances of   $ ({QQq}) $   and   $ ({QQq}) $   are close in the confined state, and the effects of rapidity and temperature on the string breaking are not significant. An interesting result shows that   $ ({QQq}) $   cannot be determined at sufficiently high temperatures and rapidities. However,   $ ({QQq}) $   can exist under any conditions as long as the separation distance is sufficiently small. Furthermore, the screening distances of   $ ({QQq}) $   and   $ ({QQq}) $   are compared at finite rapidity and temperature. Based on the above analysis, we infer that   $ ({QQq}) $   is more stable than   $ ({QQq}) $   at finite rapidity and temperature.

Xuan Liu

Jia-Jie Jiang

Akira Watanabe

Moving doubly heavy baryon in a strongly coupled plasma via holography  

We compute holographic entanglement entropy (EE) and the renormalized EE in AdS solitons with gauge potential for various dimensions. The renormalized EE is a cutoff-independent universal component of EE. Via Kaluza-Klein compactification of S 1 and considering the low-energy regime, we deduce the (d − 1)-dimensional renormalized EE from the odd-dimensional counterpart. This corresponds to the shrinking circle of AdS solitons, probed at large l. The minimal surface transitions from disk to cylinder dominance as l increases. The quantum phase transition occurs at a critical subregion size, with renormalized EE showing non-monotonic behavior around this size. Across dimensions, massive modes decouple at lower energy, while degrees of freedom with Wilson lines contribute at smaller energy scales.

Germany

Song He

Yuan Sun

Holographic renormalized entanglement and entropic c-function

In this paper, we analyze the holographic covariant entanglement entropy in the double Wick rotated version of a rotating Banados-Teitelboim-Zanelli black hole (3-dimensional Kerr-AdS solution), where the periodicity of Euclidean time and spatial direction are changed. The dual field theory has negative energy in the Lorentzian signature. The holographic entanglement entropy agrees with its conformal field theory counterpart, which is obtained by a conformal transformation of the correlation functions of twisted operators.

Holographic entanglement entropy of the double Wick rotated BTZ black hole

Abstract The D-term is one of the conserved charges of hadrons defined as the forward limit of the gravitational form factor D(t). We calculate the nucleon’s D-term in a holographic quantum chromodynamics model in which the nucleon is described as a soliton in five dimensions. We show that the form factor D(t) is saturated by the exchanges of infinitely many 0$^{++}$ and 2$^{++}$ glueballs dual to transverse-traceless metric fluctuations on the Wick-rotated AdS$_{7}$ black hole geometry. We refer to this phenomenon as “glueball dominance,” in perfect analogy to the vector meson dominance of the electromagnetic form factors. However, the value at vanishing momentum transfer D(t = 0) can be interpreted as due to the exchange of pairs of pions and infinitely many vector and axial-vector mesons without any reference to glueballs. We find that the D-term is slightly negative as a result of a cancellation between the isovector and isoscalar meson contributions.

Yoshitaka Hatta

Japan

Shigeki Sugimoto

Takahiro Ueda

Nucleon D-term in holographic quantum chromodynamics

Under holographic prescription for Schwinger-Keldysh closed time contour for non-equilibrium system, we consider fluctuation effect of the order parameter in a holographic superconductor model. Near the critical point, we derive the time-dependent Ginzburg-Landau effective action governing dynamics of the fluctuating order parameter. In a semi-analytical approach, the time-dependent Ginzburg-Landau action is computed up to quartic order of the fluctuating order parameter, and first order in time derivative.

Yanyan Bu

Shu Lin

Ginzburg-Landau effective action for a fluctuating holographic superconductor

We analyze the holographic entanglement entropy in a soliton background with a background gauge field and derive a relation analogous to the first law of thermodynamics. The confinement/deconfinement phase transition occurs due to the competition of two minimal surfaces. The entropic C function probes the confinement/deconfinement phase transition. It is sensitive to the degrees of freedom smaller than the size of a spatial circle. When the background gauge field becomes large, the entropic C function becomes nonmonotonic as a function of the size and does not satisfy the usual c-theorem. We analyze the entanglement entropy for a small subregion and the relation analogous to the first law of thermodynamics. For the small amount of a background gauge field, the excited amount of the entanglement entropy decreases from the ground state. It reflects that confinement decreases degrees of freedom. We finally discuss the second order correction of the holographic entanglement entropy.