Using the pinch technique, we determine the one-loop vertices of weak interactions in the B-LSSM and incorporate their pinch contributions into the gauge boson self-energies. Compared to the definitions of the $\textit{S}$, $\textit{T}$, and $\textit{U}$ parameters in the Standard Model based on the $S U(2)_L \otimes U(1)_Y$ group, the corresponding parameters in the local B-L gauge symmetry (B-LSSM) are modified. We present these redefined $\textit{S}$, $\textit{T}$, and $\textit{U}$ parameters and demonstrate the convergence of the results. In the framework of the low-energy effective Lagrangian for weak interactions, the $\textit{S}$, $\textit{T}$, and $\textit{U}$ parameters can be expressed as functions of specific parameters in the B-LSSM. The updated experimental and fitting results strongly constrain the parameter space of the B-LSSM.

China

Sheng-Kai Cui

Ke-Sheng Sun

Yu-Li Yan

Jin-Lei Yang

Tai-Fu Feng

$\textit{S}$, $\textit{T}$, $\textit{U}$ parameters in the B-LSSM * Supported by the Natural Science Foundation of Guangxi Autonomous Region (2022GXNSFDA035068), the Natural Science Foundation of Hebei Province (A2022104001), and the Foundation of Baoding University (2023Z01)

The Galactic Center GeV Excess (GCE) remains a compelling but enigmatic signal from the inner regions of our galaxy. Muonphilic dark matter (DM), which couples exclusively to muons via a new mediator, provides a viable explanation for the GCE and relic density while naturally evading constraints from direct detection, collider searches, and other multimessenger observations. Based on the viable nonresonant parameter space identified in previous global fits, we perform a comprehensive study on the prospects for discovering such muonphilic DM in the context of a future 3 TeV muon collider, focusing on simplified models with a $Z_2$ -even mediator. Four distinct search strategies are investigated: visible on-shell mediator decays ( $\mu^{+}\mu^{-}\gamma$ final state), invisible on-shell mediator decays (mono-photon plus missing energy), mono-photon production via off-shell mediators, and vector boson fusion production. Through a detailed signal-background analysis using cut-and-count methods, we project the exclusion limits at $ 95 $ % confidence level for seven representative models across a wide range of mediator masses. Our results demonstrate that the projected limits cover a significant portion of viable parameter space that explains the GCE, establishing a muon collider as a decisive machine for testing the muonphilic DM hypothesis.

Wanyun Chen

Haoqi Li

Chih-Ting Lu

Qiulei Wang

Exploring muonphilic dark matter with the $\textit{Z}$ $_{2}$-even mediator at muon colliders * Chih-Ting Lu, Wanyun Chen and Haoqi Li are supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (NNSFC) (12335005, 12575118) and the Special funds for postdoctoral overseas recruitment, Ministry of Education of China

The processes of $ K^-p \to \pi^0 \pi^0 \Sigma^0 $ and $ K^- p \to \pi^0 \Lambda(1405) $ are studied within the effective Lagrangian approach. In addition to the “background” contribution from the $\textit{u}$-channel nucleon pole term, the contribution from the $ \Sigma(1660) $ resonance with spin-parity $ J^P=1/2^+ $ is also considered. For the $ K^-p \to \pi^0 \pi^0 \Sigma^0 $ reaction, we perform a calculation for the total and differential cross sections by considering the contribution from the $ \Sigma(1660) $ intermediate resonance decaying into $ \pi^0 \Lambda(1405) $ with $ \Lambda(1405) $ decaying into $ \pi^0 \Sigma^0 $ . With our model parameters, the available experimental data on both the $ K^-p \to \pi^0 \pi^0 \Sigma^0 $ and $ K^- p \to \pi^0 \Lambda(1405) $ reactions can be fairly well reproduced. It is shown that the contribution from the $ \Sigma(1660) $ resonance is necessary, and that these experimental measurements could be used to determine some properties of the $ \Sigma(1660) $ resonance.

Xing-Yi Ji

Si-Wei Liu

Wen-Tao Lyu

De-Min Li

En Wang

Ju-Jun Xie

Role of Σ(1660) in the $\textit{K}$ $^{−}$ $\textit{p}$ → $\textit{π}$ $^{0}$ $\textit{π}$ $^{0}$Σ$^{0}$ reaction * Supported by the National Key R&D Program of China (2023YFA1606703, 2024YFE0105200), the National Natural Science Foundation of China (12435007, 12475086, 12192263, 12361141819, 1252200936), the Natural Science Foundation of Henan (232300421140, 252300423951) and the Zhengzhou University Young Student Basic Research Projects (PhD students) (ZDBJ202522)

We have performed an updated analysis of the angular distribution of the $ \psi(3686) \to p\bar{p} $ decay by considering transverse beam polarization to investigate potential sources of forward-backward asymmetry and azimuthal modulation beyond the simple $ 1+\alpha\cos^2\theta $ form. We focus on the interference between the $ \psi(3686) $ resonance and two-photon exchange continuum process, as well as on the background from initial-state–final-state radiation (ISR–FSR) interference. A maximum-likelihood fit to the $ \cos\theta $ distribution of $ \psi(3686)\to p\bar{p} $ yields $ \alpha = 1.00 \pm 0.03 $ , which is consistent with previous results. Our model predicts a significant $ \sin(2\phi) $ modulation in the azimuthal angle, indicating the influence of transverse beam polarization. Based on these findings, two-dimensional angular analyses can be conducted in the future to fully disentangle the polarization and interference dynamics in charmonium decays to baryon pairs.

Zhi Gao

Rong-Gang Ping

Minggang Zhao

Update analysis of $ {\psi(3686)\to p\bar{p}}$ * The work is partly supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(NSFC) (12575112)

This study investigates the ultraviolet realization of semileptonic four-fermion operator $ O_{ledq}^{\alpha \beta 11} $ that incorporates Majorana dark matter (DM) in both lepton-flavor-conserving (LFC) and lepton-flavor-violating (LFV) scenarios at the one-loop level via box diagram, thereby effectively alleviating the lower bounds on the new physics scale. In addition, we investigate the interplay between model-independent constraints on the Wilson coefficients and DM direct detection, relic density, and collider searches in the context of fermion portal DM model with two mediators. We found that both the projected future constraint on the LFC Wilson coefficient $ C_{ledq}^{2211}/\Lambda^2 \lt $ $ (12.3\; \text{TeV})^{-2} $ from the measurements of neutrino non-standard interaction in the next-generation neutrino oscillation experiments, and the LFV constraint $ C_{ledq}^{1211}/\Lambda^2 \lt \left(2.2\times 10^3\; \text{TeV} \right)^{-2} $ from ongoing charged-lepton-flavor-violation searches, provide a complementary exploration of the parameter space encompassing the DM and scalar masses. With a colored mediator mass of approximately $ 2\; \text{TeV} $ , the sensitivity of the indirect constraints on the four-fermion operator can surpass those of collider searches and DM direct detection, in scenarios where the masses of the DM and scalar are close. By ensuring the correct DM relic density, however, we find that the collider searches and DM direct detection are more sensitive to the electroweak-scale DM and scalar than indirect constraints.

Yuxuan He

Gang Li

Jia Liu

Xiao-Ping Wang

Xiang Zhao

Lepton flavor of four-fermion operator and fermion portal dark matter * Gang Li and Xiang Zhao are supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (12347105, 12505127), the Guangdong Basic and Applied Basic Research Foundation (2024A1515012668). The work of Jia Liu is supported by the National Science Foundation of China (12235001, 12475103) and State Key Laboratory of Nuclear Physics and Technology (NPT2025ZX11). The work of Xiao-Ping Wang is supported by National Science Foundation of China (12375095) and the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities

We have performed a next-to-leading-order (NLO) QCD sum rules analysis of the $1^{-+}$ light tetraquark states. By investigating various compact and molecular tetraquark currents, we extracted the mass spectra of the corresponding states, all of which lie above $1.7\,\text{GeV}$ . We have identified multiple $1^{-+}$ states around $2.0\,\text{GeV}$ matching well with $\pi_{1}(2015)$ , confirming that $\pi_{1}(2015)$ is an excellent tetraquark candidate. By contrast, our calculations exclude the possibility that the $\pi_{1}(1400)$ is a tetraquark or hybrid–tetraquark mixture. This result suggests that it may not exist, which is consistent with recent experimental results.

Wei-Yang Lai

Hong-Ying Jin

NLO QCD sum rules analysis of 1$^{− +}$ tetraquark states

This paper investigates the shadow images of rotating charged black holes in Kalb–Ramond (KR) gravity, using an accretion disk that is both optically and geometrically thin and located on the equatorial plane as the light source model. The results show that, compared to Sgr A*, the observational data of M87* impose stronger constraints on the charge parameter $\textit{Q}$ and the Lorentz-violating parameter $$\mathcal {G}$$ . Under the thin accretion disk model, a larger observer inclination $$\theta _o$$ deforms the central brightness depression into a hat-like structure. The parameters $$(a, Q, \mathcal {G})$$ mainly affect the size of the central brightness depression and the brightness of the critical curve, where increasing these parameters reduces the shadow size and enhances the distinguishability of the critical curve. In the retrograde accretion disk case, the crescent-shaped bright area appears on the side opposite to that in the prograde case. In addition, we compute the distribution of the redshift factor on the projection screen. The results indicate that the Doppler effect induced by large $$\theta _o$$ enhances the blueshift in the image, while the light emitted by particles plunging into the black hole leads to strong redshift near the central brightness depression. Finally, we study the polarization images under synchrotron radiation and find that the polarization intensity $$\mathcal {P}_o$$ reaches its maximum around the lensed image and higher-order images, whereas no polarization vectors appear within the central brightness depression. This stands in sharp contrast to horizonless compact objects. These findings contribute to a deeper understanding of the shadow properties of charged black holes within Lorentz-violating gravity.

Chen-Yu Yang

Ke-Jian He

Xiao-Xiong Zeng

Li-Fang Li

Observational signatures and polarized images of rotating charged black holes in Kalb–Ramond gravity

<p>We present the first measurements of the forward and midrapidity <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mi>η</mi></math>-meson cross sections from <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mi>p</mi><mo>+</mo><mi>p</mi></math> collisions at <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><msqrt><mi>s</mi></msqrt><mo>=</mo><mn>500</mn></math> and 510 GeV, respectively. We also report the midrapidity <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mi>η</mi><mo>/</mo><msup><mi>π</mi><mn>0</mn></msup></math> ratio at 510 GeV. The forward cross section is measured differentially in <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mi>η</mi></math>-meson transverse momentum (<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><msub><mi>p</mi><mi>T</mi></msub></math>) from 1.0 to <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mrow><mn>6.5</mn><mtext> </mtext><mtext> </mtext><mi>GeV</mi><mo>/</mo><mi>c</mi></mrow></math> for pseudorapidity <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mn>3.0</mn><mo>&lt;</mo><mo stretchy="false">|</mo><mi>η</mi><mo stretchy="false">|</mo><mo>&lt;</mo><mn>3.8</mn></math>. The midrapidity cross section is measured from 3.5 to <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mrow><mn>44</mn><mtext> </mtext><mtext> </mtext><mi>GeV</mi><mo>/</mo><mi>c</mi></mrow></math> for pseudorapidity <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mo stretchy="false">|</mo><mi>η</mi><mo stretchy="false">|</mo><mo>&lt;</mo><mn>0.35</mn></math>. Both cross sections serve as critical inputs to an updated global analysis of the <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mi>η</mi></math>-meson fragmentation functions.</p>

Hungary

N.J. Abdulameer

United States

U. Acharya

A. Adare

C. Aidala

N.N. Ajitanand

Japan

Y. Akiba

R. Akimoto

H. Al-Ta’ani

J. Alexander

M. Alfred

D. Anderson

K.R. Andrews

A. Angerami

Russia

S. Antsupov

K. Aoki

N. Apadula

E. Appelt

Y. Aramaki

R. Armendariz

H. Asano

E.C. Aschenauer

E.T. Atomssa

T.C. Awes

B. Azmoun

V. Babintsev

M. Bai

N.S. Bandara

B. Bannier

E. Bannikov

K.N. Barish

B. Bassalleck

A.T. Basye

S. Bathe

V. Baublis

Germany

C. Baumann

A. Bazilevsky

M. Beaumier

S. Beckman

R. Belmont

J. Ben-Benjamin

R. Bennett

A. Berdnikov

Y. Berdnikov

L. Bichon

D. Black

B. Blankenship

D.S. Blau

South Korea

J.S. Bok

V. Borisov

K. Boyle

M.L. Brooks

D. Broxmeyer

J. Bryslawskyj

H. Buesching

V. Bumazhnov

G. Bunce

S. Butsyk

S. Campbell

P. Castera

P. Chaitanya

C.H. Chen

D. Chen

C.Y. Chi

C. Chiu

M. Chiu

I.J. Choi

J.B. Choi

India

R.K. Choudhury

Sweden

P. Christiansen

T. Chujo

O. Chvala

V. Cianciolo

Israel

Z. Citron

B.A. Cole

France

Z. Conesa del Valle

M. Connors

R. Corliss

M. Csanád

T. Csörgő

L. D’Orazio

S. Dairaku

A. Datta

M.S. Daugherity

G. David

M.K. Dayananda

K. DeBlasio

K. Dehmelt

A. Denisov

A. Deshpande

E.J. Desmond

K.V. Dharmawardane

Brazil

O. Dietzsch

L. Ding

A. Dion

M. Donadelli

V. Doomra

J.H. Do

O. Drapier

A. Drees

Cross sections of <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mi>η</mi></math> mesons in <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mi>p</mi><mo>+</mo><mi>p</mi></math> collisions at forward rapidity at <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><msqrt><mi>s</mi></msqrt><mo>=</mo><mn>500</mn><mtext> </mtext><mtext> </mtext><mi>GeV</mi></math> and central rapidity at <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><msqrt><mi>s</mi></msqrt><mo>=</mo><mn>510</mn><mtext> </mtext><mtext> </mtext><mi>GeV</mi></math>

<p>We advance the study of flat space holography by computing the entanglement entropy of highly excited states in two-dimensional Carrollian/Galilean Conformal Field Theories (<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mrow><mi mathvariant="normal">C</mi><mo>/</mo><mi mathvariant="normal">G</mi></mrow></math> CFTs). Our approach is centered on a novel, physically intuitive derivation of the heavy-light conformal block in the large central charge limit, where the backreaction of heavy operators is absorbed by a <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mrow><mi mathvariant="normal">C</mi><mo>/</mo><mi mathvariant="normal">G</mi></mrow></math> conformal coordinate transformation. Using this result and the replica trick, we find that the entanglement entropy of highly excited states assumes a thermal form, providing a concrete realization of the eigenstate thermalization hypothesis. This field-theoretic result perfectly reproduces the holographic entanglement entropy computed via the swing surface proposal in three-dimensional Einstein gravity, for backgrounds corresponding to spinning particles and flat space cosmological solutions. This agreement establishes a precise dictionary relating the weight <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mi mathvariant="normal">Δ</mi></math> and charge <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mi>ξ</mi></math> of the boundary state to the mass <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mi>m</mi></math> and angular momentum <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mi>j</mi></math> of the dual spacetime, offering a powerful consistency check for the Flat/Carrollian conformal field theory correspondence.</p>

Peng-Xiang Hao

Canada

Shunta Takahashi

Conformal blocks in 2D Carrollian-Galilean CFTs and excited state entanglement entropy

$$s\rightarrow u$$ weak decays of heavy flavor hadrons play a unique role in the field of heavy flavor physics. In this work, we investigate semileptonic $$s\rightarrow u$$ decays of singly heavy baryons in the light-front approach under the three-quark picture. Firstly, we provide all the form factors using this quark model, in particular for $$f_{3}$$ and $$g_{3}$$ , which are usually considered non-extractable in recent literature. We also discuss the heavy quark limit for the form factors, and some of our results differ from those in the literature. We find that, when considering the heavy quark limit, the $$m_{s}$$ correction may not be negligible. Secondly, we apply the obtained form factors to predict some observables in semileptonic decays. It is worth noting that, due to the extremely small phase space, lepton flavor universality (LFU) is sensitive to the masses of leptons, and precise measurement of LFU is expected to be an important tool for testing the standard model.

Yi-Peng Xing

Xiao-Qian Jiang

Zhen-Xing Zhao

Semileptonic $$s\rightarrow u$$ decays of singly heavy baryons