We analyze the latest cosmic microwave background (CMB) constraints on the scalar spectral index <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><msub><mi>n</mi><mi>s</mi></msub></math> and tensor-to-scalar ratio <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mi>r</mi></math> from Planck 2018, BICEP/Keck 2018, the Atacama Cosmology Telescope Data Release 6 (ACT DR6), and the South Pole Telescope (SPT-3G) data, focusing on their implications for attractor models of inflation. We compare systematically observational bounds with theoretical predictions for both E-model (<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mi>α</mi></math>-Starobinsky) and T-model potentials. The observational constraints accommodate E-models with <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mi>α</mi><mo>≲</mo><mn>25</mn></math>, with the canonical Starobinsky model (<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mi>α</mi><mo>=</mo><mn>1</mn></math>) predicting <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><msub><mi>n</mi><mi>s</mi></msub><mo>=</mo><mn>0.958</mn><mi>–</mi><mn>0.963</mn></math> for reheating temperatures between <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mn>100</mn><mo>−</mo><msup><mn>10</mn><mn>10</mn></msup><mtext> </mtext><mtext> </mtext><mi>GeV</mi></math>, in good agreement with Planck 2018 data and within the 95% CL region determined by the Planck-ACT-SPT combination, but below the 95% confidence region of the Planck-ACT-DESI combination. Higher reheating temperatures from near-instantaneous reheating improve the compatibility. T-models predict slightly lower <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><msub><mi>n</mi><mi>s</mi></msub></math> values (0.956–0.961), in some tension with Planck 2018 data, and we find an upper limit of <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mi>α</mi><mo>≲</mo><mn>11</mn></math> in these models. We extend our analysis to generalized <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mi>α</mi></math>-attractors with monomial potentials <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mi>V</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>φ</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo>∝</mo><msup><mi>φ</mi><mi>k</mi></msup></math> near the minimum, demonstrating that models with <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mi>k</mi><mo>≥</mo><mn>6</mn></math> naturally predict <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><msub><mi>n</mi><mi>s</mi></msub><mo>≃</mo><mn>0.965</mn><mi>–</mi><mn>0.968</mn></math> for typical number of <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mi>e</mi></math>-folds, in better agreement with the ACT DR6 data. We also consider deformed E- and T-models, which allow significantly higher values of <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><msub><mi>n</mi><mi>s</mi></msub></math> for low values of <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mi>α</mi><mo>≃</mo><mn>1</mn></math>.

CERN

John Ellis

Mexico

Marcos A.G. Garcia

United States

Keith A. Olive

Sarunas Verner

Constraints on attractor models of inflation and reheating from <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mi>P</mi><mi>l</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>c</mi><mi>k</mi></math>, BICEP/Keck, ACT DR6, and SPT-3G data

In this work, we perform a comprehensive investigation of the production of high-spin <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><msub><mi>ω</mi><mi>J</mi></msub></math> and <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><msub><mi>ρ</mi><mi>J</mi></msub></math> mesons (<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mi>J</mi><mo>=</mo><mn>2</mn></math>, 3, 4, 5) in <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><msup><mi>π</mi><mo>−</mo></msup><mi>p</mi></math> reactions using an effective Lagrangian approach. By constructing the relevant <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mi>t</mi></math>-channel processes and calibrating the model with a single adjustable parameter fitted to existing data, we successfully reproduce the measured total and differential cross sections for the <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mi>J</mi><mo>=</mo><mn>3</mn></math> states <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><msub><mi>ω</mi><mn>3</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mn>1670</mn><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></math> and <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><msub><mi>ρ</mi><mn>3</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mn>1690</mn><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></math>. Within the same framework, we predict the production cross sections for their lower- and higher-spin partners; <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><msub><mi>ω</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mn>1975</mn><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></math>, <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><msub><mi>ρ</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mn>1940</mn><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></math>, <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><msub><mi>ω</mi><mn>4</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mn>2250</mn><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></math>, <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><msub><mi>ρ</mi><mn>4</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mn>2230</mn><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></math>, <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><msub><mi>ω</mi><mn>5</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mn>2350</mn><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></math>, and <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><msub><mi>ρ</mi><mn>5</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mn>2350</mn><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></math>. Our results show that these states exhibit measurable cross sections with characteristically forward-peaked angular distributions, underscoring their strong potential for observation in future <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mi>π</mi><mi>p</mi></math> meson-beam experiments.

China

Ting-Yan Li

Zi-Yue Bai

Xiang Liu

Production of high-spin <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><msub><mi>ω</mi><mi>J</mi></msub></math> and <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><msub><mi>ρ</mi><mi>J</mi></msub></math> (<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mrow><mi>J</mi><mo>=</mo><mn>2</mn></mrow></math>, 3, 4, 5) mesons in <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><msup><mi>π</mi><mo>−</mo></msup><mi>p</mi></math> reactions

Feynman integrals with generic propagator powers in one and two spacetime dimensions are investigated from various perspectives. In particular, we argue that the class of track integrals with massless propagators at any loop order is fixed by the recently found $$ \hat{\textrm{P}} $$ -symmetries of Yangian type. All track integrals up to six external points (and four loops) are bootstrapped explicitly as well as the full family of one-loop integrals at any multiplicity. Moreover, the triangle tracks at generic loop order, which constitute the most generic family of track-type integrals, are bootstrapped in this way. The results are compared to the direct evaluation via a spectral transform from the integrability toolbox that turns out to be particularly efficient for position-space tree integrals in lower dimensions. We prove that all $$ \hat{\textrm{P}} $$ -symmetries of these integrals can be derived from the framework of Aomoto-Gelfand hypergeometric functions, which applies to integrals in one and two dimensions. Finally, we also demonstrate the method’s applicability to conformal integrals by deriving the complete results for all comb-channel conformal partial waves as well as the conformal double-box integral. We explicitly go through all examples of the above integrals in 1D and then provide a straightforward recipe for how to read off their 2D counterparts.

Germany

Gwenaël Ferrando

Florian Loebbert

Amelie Pitters

Sven Stawinski

Hypergeometry from $$ \hat{\textrm{P}} $$ -symmetry: Feynman integrals in one and two dimensions

It is demonstrated that, within the eikonal approach, the Coulomb corrections to the elastic electromagnetic nonflip and spin-flip proton-nucleus amplitudes are identical when the two amplitudes share the same exponential form factors. This result allows Coulomb corrections to be computed numerically, and with high precision, for both electromagnetic and hadronic elastic <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><msup><mi>p</mi><mo stretchy="false">↑</mo></msup><mi>A</mi></math> amplitudes in the massless-photon limit, including the effects of soft magnetic photon exchange. The method relies on analytical expressions and numerical integrations over a finite impact-parameter range with nonsingular integrands, providing a practical and systematically controlled framework for phenomenological applications.

A.A. Poblaguev

Coulomb corrections for the nonflip and spin-flip electromagnetic <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><msup><mi>p</mi><mo stretchy="false">↑</mo></msup><mi>A</mi></math> amplitudes

Results are presented on <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mrow><msub><mrow><mi>χ</mi></mrow><mrow><mi>b</mi><mn>1</mn><mo>,</mo><mn>2</mn></mrow></msub><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mn>2</mn><mi>P</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">→</mo><mi>ω</mi><mi mathvariant="normal">ϒ</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mn>1</mn><mi>S</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></mrow></math> transitions from <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mrow><mrow><msup><mrow><mi>e</mi></mrow><mrow><mo>+</mo></mrow></msup><msup><mrow><mi>e</mi></mrow><mrow><mo>−</mo></mrow></msup></mrow><mo stretchy="false">→</mo><mi mathvariant="normal">ϒ</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mn>3</mn><mi>S</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">→</mo><mi>γ</mi><msub><mrow><mi>χ</mi></mrow><mrow><mi>b</mi><mn>1</mn><mo>,</mo><mn>2</mn></mrow></msub><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mn>2</mn><mi>P</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></mrow></math> decays. The data were collected with the BABAR detector at the PEP-II asymmetric-energy <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><msup><mi>e</mi><mo>+</mo></msup><msup><mi>e</mi><mo>−</mo></msup></math> collider at SLAC. The integrated luminosity of the data sample is <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mn>28.0</mn><mtext> </mtext><mtext> </mtext><msup><mi>fb</mi><mrow><mo>−</mo><mn>1</mn></mrow></msup></math>, corresponding to <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mn>121.3</mn><mo>×</mo><msup><mn>10</mn><mn>6</mn></msup></math> <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mi mathvariant="normal">ϒ</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mn>3</mn><mi>S</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></math> decays. Signals of <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><msub><mi>χ</mi><mrow><mi>b</mi><mn>1</mn><mo>,</mo><mn>2</mn></mrow></msub><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mn>2</mn><mi>P</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></math> are observed over a negligible background. Improved precision measurements of branching fractions are obtained. First measurements of the <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><msub><mi>χ</mi><mrow><mi>b</mi><mn>1</mn><mo>,</mo><mn>2</mn></mrow></msub><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mn>2</mn><mi>P</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></math> angular distributions are performed. No evidence is found for the presence of a <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mrow><msub><mi>χ</mi><mrow><mi>b</mi><mn>0</mn></mrow></msub><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mn>2</mn><mi>P</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></mrow><mo stretchy="false">→</mo><mi>ω</mi><mrow><mi mathvariant="normal">ϒ</mi><mrow><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mn>1</mn><mi>S</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></mrow></mrow></math> decay mode.

J.P. Lees

V. Poireau

V. Tisserand

E. Grauges

A. Palano

G. Eigen

D.N. Brown

Yu. G. Kolomensky

M. Fritsch

H. Koch

R. Cheaib

C. Hearty

T.S. Mattison

J.A. McKenna

R.Y. So

V.E. Blinov

A.R. Buzykaev

V.P. Druzhinin

E.A. Kozyrev

E.A. Kravchenko

S.I. Serednyakov

Yu. I. Skovpen

E.P. Solodov

K. Yu. Todyshev

A.J. Lankford

B. Dey

J.W. Gary

O. Long

A.M. Eisner

W.S. Lockman

W. Panduro Vazquez

D.S. Chao

C.H. Cheng

B. Echenard

K.T. Flood

D.G. Hitlin

Y. Li

D.X. Lin

S. Middleton

T.S. Miyashita

P. Ongmongkolkul

J. Oyang

F.C. Porter

M. Röhrken

B.T. Meadows

M.D. Sokoloff

J.G. Smith

S.R. Wagner

D. Bernard

M. Verderi

D. Bettoni

C. Bozzi

R. Calabrese

G. Cibinetto

E. Fioravanti

I. Garzia

E. Luppi

V. Santoro

A. Calcaterra

R. de Sangro

G. Finocchiaro

S. Martellotti

P. Patteri

I.M. Peruzzi

M. Piccolo

M. Rotondo

A. Zallo

S. Passaggio

C. Patrignani

B.J. Shuve

H.M. Lacker

B. Bhuyan

U. Mallik

C. Chen

J. Cochran

S. Prell

A.V. Gritsan

N. Arnaud

M. Davier

F. Le Diberder

A.M. Lutz

G. Wormser

D.J. Lange

D.M. Wright

J.P. Coleman

D.E. Hutchcroft

D.J. Payne

C. Touramanis

A.J. Bevan

M. Bona

F. Di Lodovico

G. Cowan

Sw. Banerjee

C.L. Davis

A.G. Denig

W. Gradl

K. Griessinger

A. Hafner

K.R. Schubert

Study of <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mrow><msub><mrow><mi>χ</mi></mrow><mrow><mi>b</mi><mn>1</mn><mo>,</mo><mn>2</mn></mrow></msub><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mn>2</mn><mi>P</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">→</mo><mi>ω</mi><mi mathvariant="normal">ϒ</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mn>1</mn><mi>S</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></mrow></math> transitions in <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mrow><mi mathvariant="normal">ϒ</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mn>3</mn><mi>S</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">→</mo><mi>γ</mi><msub><mrow><mi>χ</mi></mrow><mrow><mi>b</mi><mn>1</mn><mo>,</mo><mn>2</mn></mrow></msub><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mn>2</mn><mi>P</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></mrow></math> decays at BABAR

In this work, we investigate the productions of <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><msub><mi mathvariant="normal">Λ</mi><mi>c</mi></msub><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mn>2910</mn><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></math> and <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><msub><mi mathvariant="normal">Λ</mi><mi>c</mi></msub><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mn>2940</mn><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></math> in the <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mrow><mi>p</mi><mover accent="true"><mrow><mi>p</mi></mrow><mrow><mo stretchy="false">¯</mo></mrow></mover><mo stretchy="false">→</mo><msub><mrow><mover accent="true"><mrow><mi mathvariant="normal">Λ</mi></mrow><mrow><mo stretchy="false">¯</mo></mrow></mover></mrow><mrow><mi>c</mi></mrow></msub><msup><mrow><mi>D</mi></mrow><mrow><mn>0</mn></mrow></msup><mi>p</mi></mrow></math> process by utilizing an effective Lagrangian approach, where both <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><msub><mi mathvariant="normal">Λ</mi><mi>c</mi></msub><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mn>2910</mn><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></math> and <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><msub><mi mathvariant="normal">Λ</mi><mi>c</mi></msub><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mn>2940</mn><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></math> are considered as <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><msup><mi>D</mi><mo>*</mo></msup><mi>N</mi></math> molecular states with <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><msup><mi>J</mi><mi>P</mi></msup><mo>=</mo><mn>1</mn><mo>/</mo><msup><mn>2</mn><mo>−</mo></msup></math> and <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mn>3</mn><mo>/</mo><msup><mn>2</mn><mo>−</mo></msup></math>, respectively. In addition to the <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mi>t</mi></math>-channel <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mi>D</mi></math> and <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><msup><mi>D</mi><mo>*</mo></msup></math> exchanges, the contribution from light-meson exchange is also considered. At <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><msqrt><mi>s</mi></msqrt><mo>=</mo><mn>10</mn><mtext> </mtext><mtext> </mtext><mi>GeV</mi></math>, our estimations indicate that the total cross sections for <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mi>p</mi><mover accent="true"><mi>p</mi><mo stretchy="false">¯</mo></mover><mo stretchy="false">→</mo><msub><mover accent="true"><mi mathvariant="normal">Λ</mi><mo stretchy="false">¯</mo></mover><mi>c</mi></msub><msup><mi>D</mi><mn>0</mn></msup><mi>p</mi></math> are <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><msubsup><mn>130.7</mn><mrow><mo>−</mo><mn>103.9</mn></mrow><mrow><mo>+</mo><mn>397.1</mn></mrow></msubsup><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mtext> </mtext><mtext> </mtext><mi>nb</mi></math>, where the central value is estimated with <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><msub><mi mathvariant="normal">Λ</mi><mi>r</mi></msub><mo>=</mo><mn>1.1</mn><mtext> </mtext><mtext> </mtext><mi>GeV</mi></math>, and the uncertainties are resulted from the variation of parameter <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><msub><mi mathvariant="normal">Λ</mi><mi>r</mi></msub></math> from 1.0 to 1.2 GeV. Our results indicate that the light-meson exchange diagrams are very important, which provide a very large, smooth background. Moreover, the estimations of the <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><msup><mi>D</mi><mn>0</mn></msup><mi>p</mi></math> invariant mass spectrum reveal that the peak structure between 2.9 and 3.0 GeV primarily originates from <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><msub><mi mathvariant="normal">Λ</mi><mi>c</mi></msub><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mn>2910</mn><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></math>, while the signal of <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><msub><mi mathvariant="normal">Λ</mi><mi>c</mi></msub><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mn>2940</mn><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></math> is about 1 order smaller than that of <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><msub><mi mathvariant="normal">Λ</mi><mi>c</mi></msub><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mn>2910</mn><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></math>. Furthermore, the resulting Dalitz plot is estimated with <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><msqrt><mi>s</mi></msqrt><mo>=</mo><mn>8</mn><mtext> </mtext><mtext> </mtext><mi>GeV</mi></math>. It is expected that our estimations in the present work can be tested by future experiments at <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mrow><mover accent="true"><mrow><mi mathvariant="normal">P</mi></mrow><mrow><mo stretchy="false">¯</mo></mrow></mover><mi>ANDA</mi></mrow></math>.

Quan-Yun Guo

Dian-Yong Chen

<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><msub><mi mathvariant="normal">Λ</mi><mi>c</mi></msub><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mn>2910</mn><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></math> and <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><msub><mi mathvariant="normal">Λ</mi><mi>c</mi></msub><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mn>2940</mn><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></math> productions in <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mrow><mi>p</mi><mover accent="true"><mrow><mi>p</mi></mrow><mrow><mo stretchy="false">¯</mo></mrow></mover></mrow></math> annihilation

Dark matter (DM) and the baryon asymmetry of the Universe (BAU) are among the most compelling indications of physics beyond the Standard Model. We revisit the inelastic Higgs-portal complex singlet, a minimal framework in which a complex scalar splits into two nearly degenerate real states, with an off-diagonal Higgs-portal interaction that drives coannihilation to set the relic density, while the elastic DM-Higgs coupling can be tuned small enough to evade direct-detection limits. This setup naturally supports a strong first-order electroweak phase transition (SFOEWPT) and can account for the longstanding Galactic Center gamma-ray excess (GCE) via present-day DM annihilation into Higgs pairs. In this work, we show that the same framework, extended by a <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><msub><mi>Z</mi><mn>2</mn></msub></math>-symmetric dimension-6 <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mrow><mi>C</mi><mi>P</mi></mrow></math>-violating top Yukawa operator, can also generate the BAU via the electroweak baryogenesis (EWBG) mechanism. The cosmological history involves a two-step electroweak phase transition: first, the singlet fields acquire nonzero vacuum expectation values (<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mrow><mrow><mi>v</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>v</mi><mi>s</mi></mrow></mrow></math>); then a strongly first-order transition occurs in which the Higgs develops its nonzero <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mrow><mrow><mi>v</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>v</mi></mrow></mrow></math> while the singlet <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mrow><mrow><mi>v</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>v</mi><mi>s</mi></mrow></mrow></math> vanish. During this second step, both fields remain nonzero only within the advancing bubble wall, generating wall-localized <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mi>C</mi><mi>P</mi></math> violation that biases sphaleron transitions and enables EWBG. After the phase transition, <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mi>C</mi><mi>P</mi></math> and <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><msub><mi>Z</mi><mn>2</mn></msub></math> symmetries are restored: the lightest singlet state becomes a stable DM candidate, while the vanishing singlet <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mrow><mrow><mi>v</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>v</mi><mi>s</mi></mrow></mrow></math> allow the model to naturally satisfy the stringent constraints on <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mi>C</mi><mi>P</mi></math> violation. We delineate the SFOEWPT-favored parameter space, identifying the criteria for the two-step phase transition region that simultaneously yields the observed BAU and relic density, explains the GCE, and predicts gravitational wave spectra accessible to next-generation space-based detectors.

Subhojit Roy

Dark matter and electroweak baryogenesis with spontaneous <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mrow><mi>C</mi><mi>P</mi></mrow></math> violation in the early Universe

The study of heavy-flavored baryon and meson production in proton-proton (pp) collisions provides crucial insight into the hadronization mechanisms of quantum chromodynamics (QCD). In this work an attempt has been made to describe the existing ALICE and LHCb results on the <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><msub><mi>p</mi><mi mathvariant="normal">T</mi></msub></math>-differential production cross section of <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><msubsup><mi mathvariant="normal">Λ</mi><mi>c</mi><mo>+</mo></msubsup><mo>,</mo><mo> </mo><msup><mi>D</mi><mn>0</mn></msup><mo>,</mo><mo> </mo><msubsup><mi mathvariant="normal">Λ</mi><mi>b</mi><mn>0</mn></msubsup></math>, and <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><msup><mover accent="true"><mi>B</mi><mo>¯</mo></mover><mn>0</mn></msup></math>, and <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><msub><mi>p</mi><mi mathvariant="normal">T</mi></msub></math>-dependent <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mrow><msubsup><mi mathvariant="normal">Λ</mi><mi>c</mi><mo>+</mo></msubsup><mo>/</mo><msup><mi>D</mi><mn>0</mn></msup></mrow></math> and <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mrow><msubsup><mi mathvariant="normal">Λ</mi><mi>b</mi><mn>0</mn></msubsup><mo>/</mo><msup><mover accent="true"><mi>B</mi><mo>¯</mo></mover><mn>0</mn></msup><mrow><mo>(</mo><msup><mi>B</mi><mn>0</mn></msup><mo>)</mo></mrow></mrow></math> ratios, in light of the color-string junction inspired PYTHIA-8.314 model. A comparison of the results obtained with various event samples generated with different tuning parameters and the existing experimental results of ALICE and LHCb at <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mrow><msqrt><mi>s</mi></msqrt><mo>=</mo></mrow></math> 7 and 13 TeV underlines the relevance of string-junction dynamics in heavy-flavored particle production. The results of the present investigation reveal that while stopping the junction-antijunction reconfiguration in the nonperturbative PYTHIA-8.314 model successfully describes the considered ALICE experimental observables of the charm sector, on the other hand, allowing junction-antijunction reconfiguration, keeping other fragmentation parameters the same, better describes the LHCb experimental observables of both charm and bottom sectors.

India

Tonmoy Sharma

Banajit Barman

Buddhadeb Bhattacharjee

Production of heavy flavored particles in <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mrow><mi>p</mi><mi>p</mi></mrow></math> collisions: A unified model description for results of experimental measurements by ALICE and LHCb

We present a theoretical analysis of the process <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><msubsup><mi mathvariant="normal">Λ</mi><mi>c</mi><mo>+</mo></msubsup><mo stretchy="false">→</mo><mi>p</mi><msup><mover accent="true"><mi>K</mi><mo stretchy="false">¯</mo></mover><mn>0</mn></msup><msup><mi>π</mi><mn>0</mn></msup></math> within the chiral unitary approach, with particular emphasis on the dynamically generated <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mi>N</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mn>1535</mn><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></math> resonance. In addition to <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mi>N</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mn>1535</mn><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></math>, our model incorporates contributions from other intermediate resonances including <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mi>N</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mn>1650</mn><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></math>, <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><msup><mi>K</mi><mo>*</mo></msup><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mn>892</mn><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></math>, <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><msubsup><mi>K</mi><mn>0</mn><mo>*</mo></msubsup><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mn>1430</mn><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></math>, <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mi>N</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mn>1440</mn><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></math>, and <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mi mathvariant="normal">Σ</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mn>1750</mn><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></math>. The calculated invariant mass distributions and Dalitz plot are in good agreement with the recent Belle measurements. Our analysis highlights the crucial role of <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mi>N</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mn>1535</mn><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></math> state in this decay channel and supports its interpretation as a dynamically generated state arising from coupled-channel meson-baryon interactions.

Ying Li

En Wang

Li-Sheng Geng

Ju-Jun Xie

Dynamically generated <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mi>N</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mn>1535</mn><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></math> state in the <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><msubsup><mi mathvariant="normal">Λ</mi><mi>c</mi><mo>+</mo></msubsup><mo stretchy="false">→</mo><mi>p</mi><msup><mover accent="true"><mi>K</mi><mo stretchy="false">¯</mo></mover><mn>0</mn></msup><msup><mi>π</mi><mn>0</mn></msup></math> decay

In higher-dimensional theories, we often assume that the extra dimensions form an orientable space, perhaps with singularities. However, many physical theories are well defined on nonorientable spaces, and many spaces are not orientable, so it is reasonable to explore what happens if the assumption of orientability is relaxed. Here we consider the simplest example of free 6D theories compactified on a flat Klein bottle. We focus on a Dirac fermion in 6D, with boundary conditions that define <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><msup><mi>pin</mi><mo>+</mo></msup></math> and <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><msup><mi>pin</mi><mo>−</mo></msup></math> structures. Translation invariance is broken by the boundary conditions, which leads to sharp features localized near the parity walls (fixed points of the reflection used to construct the Klein bottle). For a scalar field, there is a position-dependent energy density, peaked near the parity walls. A Dirac fermion can lead to breaking of parity, charge conjugation, and <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mi>C</mi><mi>P</mi></math> in <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mn>3</mn><mo>+</mo><mn>1</mn></math> dimensions. Order parameters for this breaking are provided by the vacuum expectation values of certain fermion bilinears, again peaked near the parity walls. As one potential application, these results suggest mechanisms for <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mi>C</mi><mi>P</mi></math> violation and baryogenesis, enabled by compactification on a Klein bottle.

Brian Greene

Daniel Kabat

Janna Levin

Massimo Porrati

Compactification without orientation, or a topological scenario for <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mi>C</mi><mi>P</mi></math> violation