<p>This paper presents the multiplicity of neutral and charged hadrons produced in <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mrow><mn>90</mn><mtext> </mtext><mtext> </mtext><mi>GeV</mi><mo>/</mo><mi>c</mi></mrow></math> proton-carbon interactions from a dataset taken by the NA61/SHINE experiment in 2017. Particle identification via <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mi mathvariant="normal">d</mi><mi>E</mi><mo>/</mo><mi mathvariant="normal">d</mi><mi>x</mi></math> was performed for the charged hadrons <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><msup><mi>π</mi><mo>±</mo></msup></math>, <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><msup><mi>K</mi><mo>±</mo></msup></math>, and <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mi>p</mi><mo>/</mo><mover accent="true"><mi>p</mi><mo stretchy="false">¯</mo></mover></math>; the neutral hadrons <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><msubsup><mi>K</mi><mi>S</mi><mn>0</mn></msubsup></math>, <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mi mathvariant="normal">Λ</mi></math>, and <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mover accent="true"><mi mathvariant="normal">Λ</mi><mo stretchy="false">¯</mo></mover></math> were identified via an invariant mass analysis of their decays to charged hadrons. Double-differential multiplicity results as a function of laboratory momentum and polar angle are presented for each particle species; these results provide vital constraints on the predicted neutrino beam flux for current and future long-baseline neutrino oscillation experiments.</p>

Poland

H. Adhikary

P. Adrich

United States

K.K. Allison

Germany

N. Amin

CERN

E.V. Andronov

Norway

I.C. Arsene

M. Bajda

Y. Balkova

D. Battaglia

A. Bazgir

S. Bhosale

M. Bielewicz

France

A. Blondel

Bulgaria

M. Bogomilov

Y. Bondar

W. Bryliński

J. Brzychczyk

M. Buryakov

A.F. Camino

Y. Chandak

Serbia

M. Ćirković

Hungary

M. Csanád

J. Cybowska

T. Czopowicz

C. Dalmazzone

N. Davis

A. Dmitriev

P. von Doetinchem

W. Dominik

J. Dumarchez

R. Engel

G.A. Feofilov

L. Fields

Z. Fodor

Japan

M. Friend

M. Gaździcki

K.E. Gollwitzer

O. Golosov

V. Golovatyuk

M. Golubeva

K. Grebieszkow

F. Guber

P.G. Hurh

S. Ilieva

A. Ivashkin

A. Izvestnyy

N. Karpushkin

M. Kiełbowicz

V.A. Kireyeu

R. Kolesnikov

D. Kolev

Y. Koshio

S. Kowalski

B. Kozłowski

A. Krasnoperov

W. Kucewicz

M. Kuchowicz

M. Kuich

A. Kurepin

A. László

M. Lewicki

G. Lykasov

V.V. Lyubushkin

M. Maćkowiak-Pawłowska

A. Makhnev

B. Maksiak

A.I. Malakhov

A. Marcinek

A.D. Marino

H.J. Mathes

T. Matulewicz

V. Matveev

G.L. Melkumov

A. Merzlaya

Ł. Mik

S. Morozov

Y. Nagai

T. Nakadaira

M. Naskręt

S. Nishimori

A. Olivier

V. Ozvenchuk

O. Panova

V. Paolone

O. Petukhov

I. Pidhurskyi

R. Płaneta

P. Podlaski

B.A. Popov

B. Pórfy

D.S. Prokhorova

D. Pszczel

S. Puławski

R. Renfordt

L. Ren

V.Z. Reyna Ortiz

D. Röhrich

E. Rondio

M. Roth

Ł. Rozpłochowski

Measurements of hadron production in <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mrow><mn>90</mn><mtext> </mtext><mtext> </mtext><mi>GeV</mi><mo>/</mo><mrow><mi>c</mi></mrow></mrow></math> proton-carbon interactions

<p>Using a sample of <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mn>10087</mn><mo>±</mo><mn>44</mn><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo>×</mo><msup><mn>10</mn><mn>6</mn></msup><mtext> </mtext><mtext> </mtext><mi>J</mi><mo>/</mo><mi>ψ</mi></math> events collected with the BESIII detector at the BEPCII collider, the first evidence for the doubly Okubo-Zweig-Iizuka (OZI)-suppressed decay <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><msub><mi>η</mi><mi>c</mi></msub><mo stretchy="false">→</mo><mi>ω</mi><mi>ϕ</mi></math> is reported with a significance of <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mrow><mn>4.0</mn><mi>σ</mi></mrow></math>. The branching fraction of <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><msub><mi>η</mi><mi>c</mi></msub><mo stretchy="false">→</mo><mi>ω</mi><mi>ϕ</mi></math> is measured to be <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mi mathvariant="script">B</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><msub><mi>η</mi><mi>c</mi></msub><mo stretchy="false">→</mo><mi>ω</mi><mi>ϕ</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo>=</mo><mspace linebreak="goodbreak"></mspace><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mn>3.86</mn><mo>±</mo><mn>0.92</mn><mo>±</mo><mn>0.62</mn><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo>×</mo><msup><mn>10</mn><mrow><mo>−</mo><mn>5</mn></mrow></msup></math>, where the first uncertainty is statistical and the second is systematic. This result provides valuable insights into the underlying mechanisms of charmonium decays, particularly for processes such as <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><msub><mi>η</mi><mi>c</mi></msub><mo stretchy="false">→</mo><mi>V</mi><mi>V</mi></math> (where <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mi>V</mi></math> represents a vector meson).</p>

China

M. Ablikim

Russia

M.N. Achasov

Sweden

P. Adlarson

X.C. Ai

R. Aliberti

Italy

A. Amoroso

Q. An

Y. Bai

JINR

O. Bakina

Y. Ban

H.R. Bao

V. Batozskaya

Mongolia

K. Begzsuren

N. Berger

M. Berlowski

M. Bertani

D. Bettoni

F. Bianchi

E. Bianco

A. Bortone

I. Boyko

R.A. Briere

A. Brueggemann

H. Cai

M.H. Cai

X. Cai

A. Calcaterra

G.F. Cao

N. Cao

Türkiye

S.A. Cetin

X.Y. Chai

J.F. Chang

G.R. Che

Y.Z. Che

G. Chelkov

C. Chen

C.H. Chen

Chao Chen

G. Chen

H.S. Chen

H.Y. Chen

M.L. Chen

S.J. Chen

S.L. Chen

S.M. Chen

T. Chen

X.R. Chen

X.T. Chen

Y.B. Chen

Y.Q. Chen

Z.J. Chen

Z.K. Chen

South Korea

S.K. Choi

X. Chu

G. Cibinetto

F. Cossio

J.J. Cui

H.L. Dai

J.P. Dai

A. Dbeyssi

R.E. de Boer

D. Dedovich

C.Q. Deng

Z.Y. Deng

A. Denig

I. Denysenko

M. Destefanis

F. De Mori

B. Ding

X.X. Ding

Y. Ding

Y.X. Ding

J. Dong

L.Y. Dong

M.Y. Dong

X. Dong

M.C. Du

S.X. Du

Y.Y. Duan

Z.H. Duan

Evidence of doubly OZI-suppressed decay <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><msub><mi>η</mi><mi>c</mi></msub><mo stretchy="false">→</mo><mi>ω</mi><mi>ϕ</mi></math> in the radiative decay <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mi>J</mi><mo>/</mo><mi>ψ</mi><mo stretchy="false">→</mo><mi>γ</mi><msub><mi>η</mi><mi>c</mi></msub></math>