Upcoming long-baseline neutrino oscillation experiments such as DUNE aim to achieve unprecedented precision, but their physics reach is ultimately constrained by systematic uncertainties in neutrino flux predictions and neutrino-nucleus cross sections. These limitations are especially critical for new-physics searches in neutrino oscillations at the near detector, including non-unitarity and sterile neutrinos, where the signal manifests as small distortions in the energy spectrum and is therefore highly sensitive to spectral uncertainties. The PRISM (Precision Reaction Independent Spectrum Measurement) technique offers a robust strategy to mitigate these effects by exploiting measurements at multiple off-axis angles, effectively providing a data-driven handle to reduce systematics. In this work, we demonstrate that PRISM can significantly reduce the impact of large systematic uncertainties, restoring sensitivity to non-unitarity and sterile neutrino scenarios in the electron and muon sectors to a level comparable to that obtained with small spectral uncertainties. We also include the results for the $\textit{τ}$ sector with PRISM; however, in this case, since the majority of the flux measured at off-axis angles lies below the $\textit{τ}$ production threshold, we find the improvement to be marginal. As part of this work, we have obtained neutrino and antineutrino fluxes for different off-axis angles with higher statistics than those provided by the DUNE collaboration. We make available these fluxes as auxiliary material to this manuscript.

Spain

Josu Hernández-García

Jacobo López-Pavón

France

Salvador Urreas

Sharpening new physics searches in neutrino oscillations with DUNE-PRISM

<p>In the standard picture of cosmic strings, cusps are generic features of Nambu-Goto loops where the string momentarily reaches the speed of light. They have a characteristic sharp profile, following <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mrow><mi>y</mi><mo>∼</mo><msup><mrow><mi>x</mi></mrow><mrow><mn>2</mn><mo>/</mo><mn>3</mn></mrow></msup></mrow></math> in the <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>x</mi><mo>,</mo><mi>y</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></math> plane, and produce strong gravitational-wave (GW) bursts with waveform <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mover accent="true"><mi>κ</mi><mo stretchy="false">˜</mo></mover><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>ω</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo>∝</mo><msup><mi>ω</mi><mrow><mo>−</mo><mn>4</mn><mo>/</mo><mn>3</mn></mrow></msup></math>, making them key targets for GW searches. However, under certain conditions, this generic picture can differ. We identify novel cusp solutions with different, including smooth, shapes and compute their massless GW and axion spectra. We derive a general expression for all possible Nambu-Goto cusp spectra with the asymptotic form <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mover accent="true"><mi>κ</mi><mo stretchy="false">˜</mo></mover><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>ω</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo>∝</mo><msup><mi>ω</mi><mrow><mo>−</mo><mi>n</mi><mo>/</mo><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mn>2</mn><mi>n</mi><mo>−</mo><mn>1</mn><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></mrow></msup><msup><mi>ω</mi><mrow><mo>−</mo><mi>m</mi><mo>/</mo><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mn>2</mn><mi>m</mi><mo>−</mo><mn>1</mn><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></mrow></msup></math> where <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mrow><mi>n</mi></mrow></math>, <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mrow><mi>m</mi><mo>≥</mo><mn>2</mn></mrow></math>. We calculate the effect on the waveform of realistic corrections to the Nambu-Goto description, such as those from backreaction and finite string width, which introduce a high-frequency cutoff.</p>

Italy

United Kingdom

Amelia Drew

South Korea

Ivan Rybak

New massless spectra from cosmic string cusps

We extend the hidden zeros and 2-split of tree-level Tr($\textit{ϕ}$ ) amplitudes to loop-level Feynman integrands, apart from some physically irrelevant scaleless integrals. Our method is based on a certain factorization mechanism that occurs in Feynman diagrams when summing over shuffle permutations. The loop-level hidden zeros and 2-split identified in this work differ from those in the literature. In our result, the kinematic conditions for loop-level hidden zeros and 2-split are remarkably simple. Their connection is as tight as at tree-level, with the same procedure for obtaining the 2-split condition from the zero condition. The resulting 2-split formula at loop-level represents a generalization of that at tree-level: the $\textit{L}$-loop integrand is expressed as a sum over $\textit{L}$ + 1 terms, each of which exhibits a 2-split structure.

China

Kang Zhou

Towards new hidden zero and 2-split of loop-level Feynman yntegrands in Tr($\textit{ϕ}$ 3) model

A search for a new heavy scalar resonance decaying to two Z bosons, each subsequently decaying to a pair of electrons or muons, is presented. The results are based on a proton-proton collision data set collected by the CMS experiment at the LHC at a center-of-mass energy of 13 TeV, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 138 fb . The search is performed over a wide range of resonance masses from 130 GeV to 3 TeV, considering both narrow- and broad-width scenarios, and considering the gluon fusion and vector boson fusion production processes. For the broad-width scenario, the interference between the new resonance, the 125 GeV Higgs boson production, and the continuum background is taken into account. No significant excess with respect to the standard model background expectation is observed in the examined phase space. Upper limits at the 95% confidence level are set on the product of the heavy scalar resonance production cross section and the branching fraction for its decay into two Z bosons. The exclusion limits range from 0.05–0.1 pb in the low-mass region to 0.005 pb in the high-mass region.

Armenia

A. Hayrapetyan

V. Makarenko

A. Tumasyan

Austria

W. Adam

L. Benato

T. Bergauer

M. Dragicevic

C. Giordano

P. Hussain

M. Jeitler

N. Krammer

A. Li

D. Liko

M. Matthewman

J. Schieck

R. Schöfbeck

M. Shooshtari

M. Sonawane

W. Waltenberger

C.E. Wulz

Belgium

T. Janssen

H. Kwon

D. Ocampo Henao

T. Van Laer

P. Van Mechelen

J. Bierkens

N. Breugelmans

J. D’Hondt

S. Dansana

A. De Moor

M. Delcourt

F. Heyen

Y. Hong

P. Kashko

S. Lowette

I. Makarenko

D. Müller

J. Song

S. Tavernier

M. Tytgat

G. Van Onsem

S. Van Putte

D. Vannerom

B. Bilin

B. Clerbaux

A. Das

I. De Bruyn

G. De Lentdecker

H. Evard

L. Favart

P. Gianneios

A. Khalilzadeh

F. Khan

A. Malara

M. Shahzad

A. Sharma

L. Thomas

M. Vanden Bemden

C. Vander Velde

P. Vanlaer

F. Zhang

M. De Coen

D. Dobur

G. Gokbulut

D. Marckx

K. Skovpen

A. Tomaru

N. Van Den Bossche

J. Linden

J. Vandenbroeck

L. Wezenbeek

H. Aarup Petersen

S. Bein

A. Benecke

A. Bethani

G. Bruno

A. Cappati

J. De Favereau De Jeneret

C. Delaere

F. Gameiro Casalinho

A. Giammanco

A. Guzel

V. Lemaitre

J. Lidrych

P. Malek

P. Mastrapasqua

S. Turkcapar

Brazil

G. Alves

M. Barroso Ferreira Filho

E. Coelho

C. Hensel

D. Matos Figueiredo

T. Menezes De Oliveira

C. Mora Herrera

P. Rebello Teles

M. Soeiro

E. Tonelli Manganote

A. Vilela Pereira

W. Aldá Júnior

H. Brandao Malbouisson

Search for a new heavy scalar resonance decaying to a pair of Z bosons in the four-lepton final state in proton-proton collisions at $$ \sqrt{s}=13 $$ TeV

Precision Higgs physics offers a sensitive window into physics beyond the Standard Model. In parallel, neutrino-oscillation experiments have established the existence of nonzero neutrino masses, thus implying the presence of new physics. Motivated by these facts, we investigate the one-loop contributions of light and heavy Majorana neutrinos to the $\textit{ZZh}$ vertex within a variant of the type-I seesaw mechanism in which light-neutrino masses vanish at tree level and are then generated radiatively. We analyze the $\textit{CP}$ -conserving and $\textit{CP}$ -violating anomalous couplings which characterize the $\textit{ZZh}$ vertex and study their phenomenological implications in two relevant kinematic scenarios at future lepton colliders: Higgsstrahlung production and Higgs production via neutral-current vector-boson fusion. We find that $\textit{CP}$ -conserving effects can reach magnitudes of order 10 , potentially within projected future experimental sensitivities, whereas $\textit{CP}$ -violating contributions are strongly suppressed, lying well beyond such projections.

Mexico

Héctor Novales-Sánchez

Humberto Vázquez-Castro

Mónica Salinas

New physics in the $\textit{ZZh}$ vertex: one-loop contributions from a radiative seesaw model

We construct a U(3) extension of a soft-wall holographic QCD model to investigate how a phenomenological determinant interaction affects the pseudoscalar nonet and the finite-temperature chiral phase structure. The holographic-coordinate-dependent determinant interaction dynamically generates the $\textit{η}$-$\textit{η}$ mass splitting and singlet-octet mixing. By analyzing pseudoscalar spectra, decay constants, mixing parameters, and quark-mass dependence, we find that vacuum pseudoscalar observables constrain the overall size of the determinant contribution but do not uniquely determine its holographic profile. We then examine how representative profiles compatible with the vacuum pseudoscalar spectrum influence the chiral transition and the Columbia plot. The resulting phase structure is highly profile dependent: some profiles yield crossover/second-order behavior across the explored quark-mass plane, whereas others produce a first-order region in the light-quark corner. Although the model should be regarded as a phenomenological mesonic implementation rather than a complete topological construction of the QCD axial anomaly, it provides a useful framework for tracing how $\textit{η}$ -sector constraints propagate into holographic chiral thermodynamics.

Xin-Yi Liu

Yue-Liang Wu

Zhen Fang

From $\textit{η}$ ′ physics to the Columbia plot in a U(3) holographic QCD model

We present an investigation of the $ K^*(1680) $ state in its strong decays into two-body final states within the flux-tube model and quark pair creation model. Since charge conjugation parity is not conserved in the strange sector, the conventional $ q\bar{q} $ states with $ J^{P(C)}=1^{-(-)} $ can mix with the lowest hybrid states with $ J^{P(C)}=1^{-(+)} $ . Our analysis of the $ K^*(1680) $ two-body strong decays indicates that the decay pattern of $ K^*(1680) $ cannot be explained by the conventional $ q\bar{q} $ scenario. Moreover, there is strong evidence for the $ q\bar{q} $ -hybrid mixing mechanism in the strange sector. The phenomenological consequences of such mixing are also discussed. Our study can provide guidance for future searches for hybrid multiplets in experiments at BESIII, LHCb, and Belle II.

Samee Ullah

Ye Cao

Ming-Xiao Duan

Hai-Bing Fu

Qiang Zhao

Nature of ${K^*(1680)}$ and ${q\bar{q}}$ -hybrid mixing as the $\textit{SU}$(3) partner of ${\eta_{1}(1855)}$ in the strange sector * Supported in part by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (12235018, 12265010, 12505098), and the Project of Guizhou Provincial Department of Science and Technology (MS[2025]219, CXTD[2025]030, ZD[2026]168, QN[2025]178), and the project of Guizhou Normal University (GZNUD[2025]05)

Uncovering physical laws from experimental data is a fundamental goal of theoretical physics. In this work, we apply the spline-based, interpretable Kolmogorov–Arnold Network (KAN) to investigate the algebraic structure underlying the baryon octet and decuplet mass spectra. Within a symbolic regression framework and without imposing theoretical priors, KAN recovers a symbolic representation equivalent to the classical Gell-Mann–Okubo mass relations, which can be transformed into the standard form through algebraic rearrangement. Compared with conventional fitting approaches, this method achieves comparable predictive accuracy while providing substantially improved interpretability and analytical transparency. Our results demonstrate the potential of KAN as a powerful tool for symbolic discovery in hadron physics and for bridging data-driven modeling with fundamental physical laws.

Jian-Yao He

Xun Chen

Xiao-Yan Zhu

Wen Luo

Discovering the Gell-Mann–Okubo formula with Kolmogorov-Arnold networks * Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (NSFC) (12405154) and the European Union – Next Generation EU through research grant (P2022Z4P4B), ''SOPHYA - Sustainable Optimised PHYsics Algorithms: fundamental physics to build an advanced society'', under the PRIN 2022 PNRR program of the Italian Ministero dell'Università e Ricerca (MUR)

The rare exclusive decay of the Higgs boson, $ H \to J/\psi + \gamma $ , is a crucial channel for assessing the Yukawa coupling of the charm quark. In this article, we examine this process up to the next-to-next-to-leading order (NNLO) in QCD utilizing the Principle of Maximum Conformality (PMC). The PMC offers a systematic approach to eliminate renormalization scale uncertainties by resumming non-conformal $\textit{β}$ contributions into the QCD running coupling through the renormalization group equation (RGE). A PMC scale of $ Q_\star = 3.29\ {\rm{GeV}} $ is obtained, which reflects the low virtuality of the underlying QCD dynamics in the $ H \to J/\psi + \gamma $ process. Notably, this is an order of magnitude smaller than the scale estimated using the conventional method, $\textit{i.e.}$, $ \mu_r = m_H/2 $ . By removing the non-conformal $ \{\beta_i\} $ -terms from the perturbative QCD (pQCD) series, we observe that the PMC NLO QCD correction term is significantly enhanced, while the PMC NNLO QCD correction is suppressed. This indicates improved convergence of the pQCD series up to NNLO. Finally, we calculate the decay width $ \Gamma(H \to J/\psi + \gamma) = $ $ 14.183^{+0.249}_{-0.347} \pm 0.022 $ eV, where the first uncertainty arises from the factorization scale $ \mu_\Lambda \in [1, 2]\ {\rm{GeV}} $ , and the second is due to the estimation of unknown higher-order terms using the Pad $ \acute{e} $ approximant approach. The corresponding branching fraction is $ {\cal{B}}(H \to J/\psi + \gamma) = 3.485_{-0.161}^{+0.152} \times 10^{-6} $ .

Wen-Yuan Li

Ting Sun

Sheng-Quan Wang

Jian-Ming Shen

Hua Zhou

Xing-Gang Wu

Leonardo Di Giustino

Analysis of $\textit{H}$ → $\textit{J}$/$\textit{ψ}$ + $\textit{γ}$ up to Next-to-Next-to-Leading order QCD corrections * Supported in part by the Natural Science Foundation of China (12265011, 12175025, 12347101); the Project of Guizhou Provincial Department of Science and Technology (YQK[2023]016, ZK[2023]141, CXTD[2025]030); the Hunan Provincial Natural Science Foundation (2024JJ3004); the YueLuShan Center for Industrial Innovation (2024YCII0118), and the Natural Science Foundation of Sichuan Province (2024NSFSC1367)

This work presents a comprehensive analysis of polarization transfer in the decays of $\chi_{cJ}$ ( $J=0,1,2$ ) into octet baryon-antibaryon pairs in polarized electron-positron collisions. Using the spin density matrix formalism, we trace the polarization from the initial beams through the production chain $e^+e^- \to \psi(2S) \to \gamma \chi_{cJ}$ to the final-state baryon-antibaryon system. The helicity amplitude analysis for $\chi_{c1} \to B\bar{B}$ confirms the universal angular distribution parameter $\alpha = -1/3$ , as dictated by the charge-conjugation helicity selection rule. For $\chi_{c2}$ decays, $\textit{α}$ and the transverse polarization depend on two independent amplitudes, and our quark-model calculations agree with existing data. We demonstrate that the longitudinal beam polarization $P_z$ modifies the spin observables for $\chi_{c1}$ and $\chi_{c2}$ . This offers new experimental handles at future polarized facilities, such as the Super $\textit{τ}$-Charm Facility (STCF), to test decay mechanisms and explore baryonic spin entanglement as a quantum information resource.

Cai-Ying Pang

Rong-Gang Ping

Dai-Hui Wei

Polarization analysis of χ$_{cJ}$ decay into octet baryonic pairs * Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (NSFC) (12575112, 12465015)