The production of heavy-quark (HQ) jets is a new area that addresses the mass effect of jet quenching in heavy-ion physics. This paper presents a theoretical study of HQ jet yield suppression in Pb+Pb collisions at the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) and focuses on the energy loss of HQ jets produced by different mechanisms. The $\textit{p+p}$ baseline is provided by the generator simulation of high-energy reactions of particles (SHERPA), and the jet-medium interactions are described by the SHELL transport model, which considers the elastic and inelastic partonic energy loss in the quark-gluon plasma (QGP). In $\textit{p+p}$ collisions, our numerical results indicate that the HQ jets from gluon splitting ( $ g \rightarrow Q $ -jet) are the dominant contribution at high $ p_T $ , displaying more dispersive structures than the HQ-initiated ( $ Q \rightarrow Q $ -jet). In nucleus-nucleus collisions, our calculations were consistent with the inclusive and b-jet $ R_{AA} $ recently measured by the ATLAS collaboration, revealing a remarkable manifestation of the mass effect of jet energy loss. As a result of the dispersive substructure, the $ g \rightarrow Q $ -jet loses more energy than the $ Q \rightarrow Q $ -jet in the QGP. Due to the significant contribution of $ g \rightarrow c $ -jet, the $ R_{AA} $ of $\textit{c}$-jet is comparable or even smaller than that of inclusive jet. To experimentally distinguish the $ g \rightarrow Q $ -jet and $ Q \rightarrow Q $ -jet, we propose event selection strategies based on their topological features and test their performances. By isolating the $ c \rightarrow c $ -jet, $ b \rightarrow b $ -jet, and the jets initiated by heavy quarks, we predicted that the order of their $ R_{AA} $ are in line with the mass hierarchy of energy loss. Future measurements on the $ R_{AA} $ of $ Q \rightarrow Q $ -jet and $ g \rightarrow Q $ -jet will provide a unique opportunity for testing the flavor/mass dependence of energy loss at the jet level.

China

Sa Wang

Shuang Li

Yao Li

Ben-Wei Zhang

Enke Wang

Probing the mass effect of heavy quark jets in high-energy nuclear collisions * Supported by the MajorProject of Basic and Applied Basic Research of Guangdong Province, China (2020B0301030008, 2023A1515011460), and the National Natural Science Foundation of China (11935007, 12035007, 12247127, 12375137). Sa Wang is supported by the Open Foundation of Key Laboratory of Quark and Lepton Physics (MOE) (QLPL2023P01) and the Talent Scientific Star-up Foundation of the China Three Gorges University, China (CTGU) (2024RCKJ013)

We search for nuclear recoil signals of dark matter (DM) models with a light mediator using data taken from a p-type point-contact germanium detector of the CDEX-10 experiment at the China Jinping Underground Laboratory. The 90% confidence level upper limits on the DM-nucleon interaction cross section from 205.4 kg-day exposure data are derived, excluding the new parameter space in 2−3 GeV DM mass when the mediator mass is comparable to or lower than the typical momentum transfer. We further interpret our results to constrain a specific self-interacting DM model with a light mediator coupling to the photon through kinetic mixing and set experimental limits on the model parameter region favored by astrophysical observations.

Qi-Yuan Nie

Wen-Han Dai

Hao Ma

Qian Yue

Ke-Jun Kang

Yuan-Jing Li

Hai-Peng An

C. Greeshma

Jian-Ping Chang

Yun-Hua Chen

Jian-Ping Cheng

Zhi Deng

Chang-Hao Fang

Xin-Ping Geng

Hui Gong

Tao Guo

Xu-Yuan Guo

Li He

Jin-Rong He

Han-Xiong Huang

Tu-Chen Huang

S. Karmakar

Jian-Min Li

Jin Li

Yu-Lan Li

Hau-Bin Li

Ming-Chuan Li

Han-Yu Li

Qian-Yun Li

Ren-Ming-Jie Li

Xue-Qian Li

Yi-Fan Liang

Bin Liao

Fong-Kay Lin

Shin-Ted Lin

Jia-Xuan Liu

Yan-Dong Liu

Yuan-Yuan Liu

Shu-Kui Liu

Yu Liu

Hui Pan

Ning-Chun Qi

Jie Ren

Xi-Chao Ruan

Man-Bin Shen

Manoj Kumar Singh

Wen-Liang Sun

Tian-Xi Sun

Chang-Jian Tang

Yang Tian

Hong-Fei Wan

Jun-Zheng Wang

Yu-Feng Wang

Guang-Fu Wang

Li Wang

Qing Wang

Henry-Tsz-King Wong

Yu-Cheng Wu

Hao-Yang Xing

Kai-Zhi Xiong

Rui Xu

Yin Xu

Tao Xue

Yu-Lu Yan

Li-Tao Yang

Nan Yi

Chun-Xu Yu

Hai-Jun Yu

Xiao Yu

Ming Zeng

Zhi Zeng

Zhen-Hua Zhang

Zhen-Yu Zhang

Peng Zhang

Feng-Shou Zhang

Lei Zhang

Ji-Zhong Zhao

Kang-Kang Zhao

Ming-Gang Zhao

Ji-Fang Zhou

Zu-Ying Zhou

Jing-Jun Zhu

 (CDEX Collaboration)

Constraining dark matter models with a light mediator from the CDEX-10 experiment at China Jinping Underground Laboratory * Supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China (2023YFA1607101) and the National Natural Science Foundation of China (12425507, 12322511, 12175112)

<p>We propose a new method to calculate perturbatively the isospectral Hermitian theory for the <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mrow><mi mathvariant="script">P</mi><mi mathvariant="script">T</mi></mrow></math>-symmetric <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mi>i</mi><msup><mi>ϕ</mi><mn>3</mn></msup></math> quantum field theory in <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mi>d</mi></math> dimensions, whose result is local. The result of the new method in 1 dimension reproduces our previous result in the <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mi>i</mi><msup><mi>x</mi><mn>3</mn></msup></math> quantum mechanics, and the new method can be seen as a generalization of our previous method to quantum field theory. We also find the isospectral local Hermitian theory has the same form in all dimensions and differs in coefficients only, and our previous results in quantum mechanics can be used directly to determine the form of the isospectral local Hermitian quantum field theory.</p>

Yi-Da Li

Isospectral local Hermitian theory for the <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mrow><mi mathvariant="script">P</mi><mi mathvariant="script">T</mi></mrow></math>-symmetric <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mrow><mi>i</mi><msup><mrow><mi>ϕ</mi></mrow><mn>3</mn></msup></mrow></math> quantum field theory

While neutrino oscillations have led to attention and research on field mixing arising from quadratic interactions, the field mixing inherent in clothed particles is more fundamental, serving as a significant source of complexity and nonperturbative challenges in quantum field theory. We present an example of an analytical solution for field mixing involving a three-point interaction between a bosonic field and a fermionic field. Specifically, we study the Rothe-Stamatescu (RS) model and utilize lattice regularization to provide a well-defined Hamiltonian that is absent in the original continuous RS model. Because of the complexity introduced by three-point interactions compared to quadratic interactions, the Fock representation commonly used in discussions of field mixing does not work well; instead, we define a representation based on real space to investigate the physical vacuum and clothed particles. These eigenstates not only reveal the field mixing between the bosonic and fermionic fields but also allow us to directly observe the spatial entanglement structure.

Qi Chen

Kaixun Tu

Hamiltonian formulation of the Rothe-Stamatescu model and field mixing

A new method to work out the Hermitian correspondence of a <math><mrow><mi>PT</mi></mrow></math>-symmetric quantum mechanical Hamiltonian is proposed. In contrast to the conventional method, the new method ends with a local Hamiltonian of the form <math><mfrac><mn>1</mn><mn>2</mn></mfrac><msup><mi>p</mi><mn>2</mn></msup><mo>+</mo><mfrac><mn>1</mn><mn>2</mn></mfrac><msup><mi>m</mi><mn>2</mn></msup><msup><mi>x</mi><mn>2</mn></msup><mo>+</mo><mi>v</mi><mo>(</mo><mi>x</mi><mo>)</mo></math> without any higher-derivative terms. This method is available for Hamiltonians with general antilinear symmetries in the perturbative regime. Possible extensions to multivariable quantum mechanics and quantum field theories are discussed.

Isospectral local Hamiltonians for perturbative <math><mrow><mi>PT</mi></mrow></math>-symmetric Hamiltonians

We revisit time-independent and time-dependent Aharonov-Bohm effects in the noncommutative space-time by investigating a relativistic spin-half particle in the background of a long-thin magnetic-flux-carried solenoid. Our results show that, up to the first order of the noncommutative parameter, there are no noncommutative corrections on the AB effects for both cases.

Jian Jing

Ling-Bao Kong

Mexico

Shi-Hai Dong

On the noncommutative Aharonov-Bohm effects

A generic heavy Higgs has both dim-4 and effective dim-6 interactions with the Standard Model (SM) particles. The former has been the focus of LHC searches in all major Higgs production modes, just as the SM one, but with negative results so far. If the heavy Higgs is connected with Beyond Standard Model (BSM) physics at a few TeV scale, its dim-6 operators will play a very important role - they significantly enhance the Higgs momentum, and reduce the SM background in a special phase space corner to a level such that a heavy Higgs emerges, which is not possible with dim-4 operators only. We focus on the associated VH production, where the effect of dim-6 operators is the largest and the SM background is the lowest. Main search regions for this type of signal are identified, and substructure variables of boosted jets are employed to enhance the signal from backgrounds. The parameter space of these operators are scanned over, and expected exclusion regions with 300 fb$^{−1}$ and 3 ab$^{−1}$ LHC data are shown, if no BSM is present. The strategy given in this paper will shed light on a heavy Higgs which may be otherwise hiding in the present and future LHC data.

Xin Chen

Yue Xu

Canada

Yongcheng Wu

Yu-Ping Kuang

Hang Chen

United States

Shih-Chieh Hsu

Zhen Hu

Congqiao Li

Search for a generic heavy Higgs at the LHC

Anomalies in transverse Ward-Takahashi identities are studied, allowing discussion of the feasibility of anomalies arising in general nonsymmetry Ward-Takahashi identities. We adopt the popular Fujikawa method and rigorous dimensional renormalization to verify the existence of transverse anomalies to one-loop order and any loop order, respectively. The arbitrariness of coefficients of transverse anomalies is revealed, and a way out is also proposed after relating transverse anomalies to Schwinger terms and comparing symmetry and nonsymmetry anomalies. Papers that claim the nonexistence of transverse anomalies are reviewed to find anomalies hidden in their approaches. The role played by transverse anomalies is discussed.

Beyond symmetries: Anomalies in transverse Ward-Takahashi identities

We derive the chiral effective Lagrangian for heavy-light mesons in the heavy quark limit from QCD under proper approximations. The low energy constants in the effective Lagrangian are expressed in terms of the light quark self-energy. With typical forms of the running coupling constant of QCD and the quark self-energy obtained from Dyson-Schwinger equations as well as lattice QCD, we estimate the low energy constants in the model and the strong decay widths. A comparison with data and some discussions of the numerical results are presented.

Qing-Sen Chen

Hui-Feng Fu

Yong-Liang Ma

Chiral effective Lagrangian for heavy-light mesons from QCD

We describe predictions for top quark pair differential distributions at hadron colliders, by combining the next-to-next-to-leading order quantum chromodynamics calculations and next-to-leading order electroweak corrections with double resummation at the next-to-next-to-leading logarithmic accuracy of threshold logarithms and small-mass logarithms. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study to present such a combination, which incorporates all known perturbative information. Numerical results are presented for the invariant-mass distribution, transverse-momentum distribution, and rapidity distributions.

Germany

Michał Czakon

Andrea Ferroglia

United Kingdom

Alexander Mitov

Davide Pagani

Andrew S. Papanastasiou

Benjamin D. Pecjak

Netherlands

Darren J. Scott

Sweden

Ioannis Tsinikos

Xing Wang

Li Lin Yang

Italy

Marco Zaro

Top quark pair production at complete NLO accuracy with NNLO+NNLL′ corrections in QCD L. L. Yang and X. Wang are supported in part by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (11975030, 11635001, 11575004). X. Wang is also supported in part by the Cluster of Excellence PRISMA+ (project ID 39083149). D. J. S. is supported under the ERC grant ERC-STG2015-677323. The work of D. P. and I. T. is supported by the Alexander von Humboldt Foundation, in the framework of the Sofja Kovalevskaja Award Project "Event Simulation for the Large Hadron Collider at High Precision". D. P. is also supported by the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG) under Germany’s Excellence Strategy – EXC 2121"Quantum Univers" – 390833306. I. T. is also supported by the Swedish Research Council under contract number 2016-05996. The research of A. M. and A. P. has received funding from the European Research Council (ERC) under the European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme (683211) as well as from UK STFC grants ST/L002760/1 and ST/K004883/1. The work of M. C. was supported in part by a grant of the BMBF and by the Deutsche Forschungs-gemeinschaft under grant 396021762 - TRR 257
						