We investigate Λ production in the ( <math altimg='si146.svg'><msup><mrow><mi>&#960;</mi></mrow><mrow><mo linebreak='badbreak' linebreakstyle='after'>+</mo></mrow></msup></math>, <math altimg='si3.svg'><msup><mrow><mi>K</mi></mrow><mrow><mo linebreak='badbreak' linebreakstyle='after'>+</mo></mrow></msup></math>) reaction on a 6Li target at <math altimg='si4.svg'><msub><mrow><mi>p</mi></mrow><mrow><msup><mrow><mi>&#960;</mi></mrow><mrow><mo linebreak='badbreak' linebreakstyle='after'>+</mo></mrow></msup></mrow></msub><mo linebreak='goodbreak' linebreakstyle='after'>=</mo><mn>1.05</mn></math> GeV/ <italic>c</italic>, using the distorted-wave impulse approximation (DWIA) with the Fermi-averaged <math altimg='si5.svg'><msup><mrow><mi>&#960;</mi></mrow><mrow><mo linebreak='badbreak' linebreakstyle='after'>+</mo></mrow></msup><mi>n</mi><mo stretchy='false'>&#8594;</mo><msup><mrow><mi>K</mi></mrow><mrow><mo linebreak='badbreak' linebreakstyle='after'>+</mo></mrow></msup><mi mathvariant='normal'>&#923;</mi></math> amplitudes. The calculated spectrum is in good agreement with the experimental data, suggesting that <math altimg='si1.svg'><mmultiscripts><mrow><mi mathvariant='normal'>He</mi></mrow><mprescripts /><mrow><mi mathvariant='normal'>&#923;</mi></mrow><mrow><mn>4</mn></mrow></mmultiscripts></math>- <italic>d</italic> configurations play a key role in describing the &#923; continuum states of <math altimg='si23.svg'><msubsup><mrow /><mrow><mi mathvariant='normal'>&#923;</mi></mrow><mrow><mn>6</mn></mrow></msubsup></math>Li near and above the <math altimg='si8.svg'><mmultiscripts><mrow><mi mathvariant='normal'>He</mi></mrow><mprescripts /><none /><mrow><mn>3</mn></mrow></mmultiscripts><mo linebreak='goodbreak' linebreakstyle='after'>+</mo><mi>d</mi><mo linebreak='goodbreak' linebreakstyle='after'>+</mo><mi mathvariant='normal'>&#923;</mi></math> threshold. Our analysis shows that the <math altimg='si1.svg'><mmultiscripts><mrow><mi mathvariant='normal'>He</mi></mrow><mprescripts /><mrow><mi mathvariant='normal'>&#923;</mi></mrow><mrow><mn>4</mn></mrow></mmultiscripts></math> hypernucleus as a hyperfragment is prominently produced through <italic>D</italic>-wave resonances with <math altimg='si9.svg'><msup><mrow><mi>J</mi></mrow><mrow><mi>P</mi></mrow></msup><mo linebreak='goodbreak' linebreakstyle='after'>=</mo><msup><mrow><mn>3</mn></mrow><mrow><mo linebreak='badbreak' linebreakstyle='after'>+</mo></mrow></msup></math>, <math altimg='si10.svg'><msup><mrow><mn>2</mn></mrow><mrow><mo linebreak='badbreak' linebreakstyle='after'>+</mo></mrow></msup></math>, and <math altimg='si11.svg'><msup><mrow><mn>1</mn></mrow><mrow><mo linebreak='badbreak' linebreakstyle='after'>+</mo></mrow></msup></math> in the <math altimg='si108.svg'><mmultiscripts><mrow><mi mathvariant='normal'>He</mi></mrow><mprescripts /><mrow><mi mathvariant='normal'>&#923;</mi></mrow><mrow><mn>4</mn></mrow></mmultiscripts><mo linebreak='goodbreak' linebreakstyle='after'>+</mo><mi>d</mi></math> channel at a large momentum transfer <math altimg='si13.svg'><mi>q</mi><mo>&#8771;</mo><mn>360</mn></math>&#8211;400 MeV/ <italic>c</italic>. These findings provide theoretical evidence for the production of a <math altimg='si1.svg'><mmultiscripts><mrow><mi mathvariant='normal'>He</mi></mrow><mprescripts /><mrow><mi mathvariant='normal'>&#923;</mi></mrow><mrow><mn>4</mn></mrow></mmultiscripts></math> hyperfragment via a cluster-like mechanism in the 6Li( <math altimg='si146.svg'><msup><mrow><mi>&#960;</mi></mrow><mrow><mo linebreak='badbreak' linebreakstyle='after'>+</mo></mrow></msup></math>, <math altimg='si3.svg'><msup><mrow><mi>K</mi></mrow><mrow><mo linebreak='badbreak' linebreakstyle='after'>+</mo></mrow></msup></math>) reaction.

Japan

Toru Harada

Yoshiharu Hirabayashi

Evidence for <math altimg='si1.svg'><mmultiscripts><mrow><mi mathvariant='normal'>He</mi></mrow><mprescripts /><mrow><mi mathvariant='normal'>&#923;</mi></mrow><mrow><mn>4</mn></mrow></mmultiscripts></math> hyperfragment production in the 6Li( <italic>&#960;</italic> +, <italic>K</italic> +) reaction

The ultralight dark photon is an intriguing dark matter candidate. The interaction between visible and dark photons is introduced by the gauge kinetic mixing between the field strength tensors of the Abelian gauge groups in the Standard Model and dark sector. Relativistic electrodynamics was generalized to quantum electromagnetodynamics (QEMD) in the presence of both electric and magnetic charges. The photon is described by two four-potentials corresponding to two $ U(1) $ gauge groups and satisfying non-trivial commutation relations. In this work, we construct low-energy dark photon-photon interactions in the QEMD framework and obtain new dark photon-photon kinetic mixings. Then, we derive the consequent field and Maxwell's equations. We also investigate the detection strategies of dark photons as light dark matter and generic kinetic mixings at haloscope experiments.

China

Chang-Jie Dai

Tong Li

Rui-Jia Zhang

Dark photon dark matter in quantum electromagnetodynamics and detection at haloscope experiments * Li Tong is supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (12375096, 12035008, 11975129)

Cryogenic calorimetric experiments to search for neutrinoless double-beta decay ( $$0\nu \beta \beta $$ ) are highly competitive, scalable and versatile in isotope. The largest planned detector array, CUPID, is comprised of about 1500 individual Li $$_{2}$$ $$^{100}$$ MoO $$_4$$ detector modules with a further scale up envisioned for a follow up experiment (CUPID-1T). In this article, we present a novel detector concept targeting this second stage with a low impedance TES based readout for the Li $$_2$$ MoO $$_4$$ absorber that is easily mass-produced and lends itself to a multiplexed readout. We present the detector design and results from a first prototype detector operated at the NEXUS shallow underground facility at Fermilab. The detector is a 2-cm-side cube with 21 g mass that is strongly thermally coupled to its readout chip to allow rise-times of $$\sim $$ 0.5 ms. This design is more than one order of magnitude faster than present NTD based detectors and is hence expected to effectively mitigate backgrounds generated through the pile-up of two independent two neutrino decay events coinciding close in time. Together with a baseline resolution of 1.95 keV (FWHM) these performance parameters extrapolate to a background index from pile-up as low as $$5\cdot 10^{-6}$$ counts/keV/kg/yr in CUPID size crystals. The detector was calibrated up to the MeV region showing sufficient dynamic range for $$0\nu \beta \beta $$ searches. In combination with a SuperCDMS HVeV detector this setup also allowed us to perform a precision measurement of the scintillation time constants of Li $$_2$$ MoO $$_4$$ , which showed a primary component with a fast O(20 $$\upmu $$ s) time scale.

United States

G. Bratrud

C. Chang

R. Chen

Canada

E. Cudmore

E. Figueroa-Feliciano

Z. Hong

K. Kennard

S. Lewis

M. Lisovenko

L. Mateo

V. Novati

V. Novosad

France

E. Oliveri

R. Ren

J. Scarpaci

B. Schmidt

G. Wang

L. Winslow

V. Yefremenko

J. Zhang

D. Baxter

M. Hollister

C. James

P. Lukens

D. Temples

First demonstration of a TES based cryogenic Li $$_2$$ MoO $$_4$$ detector for neutrinoless double beta decay search

The effective potential of the <math><mi>O</mi><mo>(</mo><mi>N</mi><mo>)</mo></math> model at large <math><mi>N</mi></math> limit is reinvestigated with varying pion mass and temperature. For large pion masses and high temperatures, we find the phenomenologically favored vacuum, located on the upper branch of the double-branched effective potential for physical <math><msub><mi>m</mi><mi>π</mi></msub></math>, moves to the lower branch and becomes no longer a local minimum but a saddle point. The existence and running of the tachyon pole are also discussed. These phenomena indicate that the applicable energy range of the <math><mi>O</mi><mo>(</mo><mi>N</mi><mo>)</mo></math> model is more and more limited as <math><msub><mi>m</mi><mi>π</mi></msub></math> becomes larger and the temperature goes higher. With the effective coupling constant defined from the effective potential, the possible correspondence between the two branches of the effective potential and the two phases of the theory (distinguished by positive or negative coupling) is verified even with nonzero explicit symmetry breaking and at finite temperature. Also, we generalize the <math><mi>N</mi><mo>/</mo><mi>D</mi></math> modified <math><mi>O</mi><mo>(</mo><mi>N</mi><mo>)</mo></math> model to study the thermal trajectory of the <math><mi>σ</mi></math> pole with the cross-channel contributions considered and find the thermal <math><mi>σ</mi></math> pole trajectory resembles its counterpart with varying pion masses at zero temperature.

Yuan-Lin Lyu

Qu-Zhi Li

Zhiguang Xiao

Han-Qing Zheng

Revisiting <math><mi>O</mi><mo>(</mo><mi>N</mi><mo>)</mo></math> <math><mi>σ</mi></math> model at unphysical pion masses and high temperatures. II. The vacuum structure and thermal <math><mi>σ</mi></math> pole trajectory with cross-channel improvements

In this work we investigate the two-neutron decay of $^{13}$Li and of the excited states of $^{11}$Li populated via one-proton removal from $^{14}$Be and $^{12}$Be, respectively. A phenomenological model is used to describe the decay of $^{11}$Li and $^{13}$Li. While the first one displays important sequential components, the second one appears dominated by the direct two-neutron decay. A microscopic three-body model is used to extract information on the spatial configuration of the emitted neutrons before the decay and shows that the average distance between the neutrons increases going from $^{11}$Li to $^{13}$Li.

P. André

A. Corsi

A. Revel

Germany

Y. Kubota

Spain

J. Casal

K. Fossez

J. Gómez-Camacho

G. Authelet

H. Baba

C. Caesar

D. Calvet

A. Delbart

M. Dozono

J. Feng

F. Flavigny

J.M. Gheller

J. Gibelin

A. Giganon

A. Gillibert

K. Hasegawa

T. Isobe

Y. Kanaya

S. Kawakami

South Korea

D. Kim

Y. Kiyokawa

M. Kobayashi

N. Kobayashi

T. Kobayashi

Y. Kondo

Hungary

Z. Korkulu

S. Koyama

V. Lapoux

Y. Maeda

F.M. Marqués

T. Motobayashi

T. Miyazaki

T. Nakamura

N. Nakatsuka

Y. Nishio

A. Obertelli

A. Ohkura

N.A. Orr

S. Ota

H. Otsu

T. Ozaki

V. Panin

S. Paschalis

E.C. Pollacco

S. Reichert

J.Y. Rousse

A.T. Saito

S. Sakaguchi

M. Sako

C. Santamaria

M. Sasano

H. Sato

M. Shikata

Y. Shimizu

Y. Shindo

L. Stuhl

T. Sumikama

Y.L. Sun

M. Tabata

Y. Togano

J. Tsubota

T. Uesaka

Z.H. Yang

J. Yasuda

K. Yoneda

J. Zenihiro

Evolution of the two-neutron configuration from Li to Li

Roy-equation analysis on lattice data of <math><mi>π</mi><mi>π</mi></math> scattering phase shifts at <math><msub><mi>m</mi><mi>π</mi></msub><mo>=</mo><mn>391</mn><mtext> </mtext><mtext> </mtext><mi>MeV</mi></math> reveals that the lowest <math><msub><mi>f</mi><mn>0</mn></msub></math> meson becomes a bound state under this condition. In addition, there is a pair of complex poles below threshold generated by crossing symmetry [X.-H. Cao et al., Phys. Rev. D 108, 034009 (2023)]. We use the <math><mi>N</mi><mo>/</mo><mi>D</mi></math> method to partially recover crossing symmetry of the <math><mi>O</mi><mo>(</mo><mi>N</mi><mo>)</mo></math> <math><mi>σ</mi></math> model amplitude at leading order of <math><mn>1</mn><mo>/</mo><mi>N</mi></math> expansion, and qualitatively reproduce the pole structure and pole trajectories with varying pion masses as revealed by Roy-equation analyses. The <math><mi>σ</mi></math> pole trajectory with varying temperature is also discussed and found to be similar to its properties when varying <math><msub><mi>m</mi><mi>π</mi></msub></math>. As the temperature increases, the complex <math><mi>σ</mi></math> poles firstly move from the second Riemann sheet to the real axis becoming two virtual state poles, and then one virtual state pole moves to the first sheet turning into a bound state pole and finally tends to the pion pole position at high temperature which is as expected from the chiral symmetry restoration. Our results provide further evidence that the lowest <math><msub><mi>f</mi><mn>0</mn></msub></math> state extracted from experiments and lattice data plays the role of the <math><mi>σ</mi></math> meson in the spontaneous breaking of chiral symmetry. Finally, we also briefly discuss the problems of the effective potential in the situation when <math><msub><mi>m</mi><mi>π</mi></msub></math> and the temperature become large.

Revisiting <math><mi>O</mi><mo>(</mo><mi>N</mi><mo>)</mo></math> <math><mi>σ</mi></math> model at unphysical pion masses and high temperatures

The measurement of the $^{7}$Be(d,$^{3}$He)$^{6}$Li* transfer cross section at 5 MeV/u is carried out. The population of the 2.186 MeV excited state of $^{6}$Li in this reaction channel is observed for the first time. The experimental angular distributions have been analyzed in the finite range DWBA and coupled-channel frameworks. The effect of the $^{7}$Be(d,$^{3}$He)$^{6}$Li reaction on both the $^{6}$Li and $^{7}$Li abundances are investigated at the relevant big-bang nucleosynthesis energies. The excitation function is calculated by TALYS and normalized to the experimental data. The S factor of the (d,$^{3}$He) channel from the present work is about 50% lower than existing data at nearby energies. At big-bang energies, the S factor is about three orders of magnitude smaller than that of the (<math><mi>d</mi><mo>,</mo><mi>p</mi></math>) channel. The (d,$^{3}$He) reaction rate is found to have a less than 0.1% effect on the $^{6,7}$Li abundances.

India

Sk M. Ali

D. Gupta

K. Kundalia

S. Maity

Swapan K. Saha

O. Tengblad

J.D. Ovejas

A. Perea

I. Martel

Sweden

J. Cederkall

J. Park

A.M. Moro

Study of the Be( , He) Li* reaction at 5 MeV/u

Fast neutron beams (E $$_n &gt; $$ <math> <mrow> <msub> <mrow></mrow> <mi>n</mi> </msub> <mo>&gt;</mo> </mrow> </math> 1 MeV) are of relevance for many scientific and industrial applications. This paper explores fast neutron production using a TANDEM accelerator at the Legnaro National Laboratories, via an energetic ion beam (90 MeV $$^{14}N$$ <math> <mrow> <msup> <mrow></mrow> <mn>14</mn> </msup> <mi>N</mi> </mrow> </math> ) onto a lithium target. The high energy models for nuclear collision of FLUKA foresee large neutron yields for reactions of this kind. The experiment aimed at validating the expected neutron yields from FLUKA simulations, using two separate and independent set-ups: one based on the multi-foil activation technique, and the other on the time of flight technique, by using liquid scintillator detectors. The results of the experiment show clear agreement of the measured spectra with the FLUKA simulations, both in the shape and the magnitude of the neutron flux at the measured positions. The neutron spectrum is centered around the 8 MeV range with mild tails, and a maximum neutron energy spanning up to 50 MeV. These advantageous results provide a starting point in the development of fast neutron beams based on high energy ion beams from medium-sized accelerator facilities.

Pablo Torres-Sánchez

Hans Steiger

Italy

Pierfrancesco Mastinu

Jeffery Wyss

Lennard Kayser

Luca Silvestrin

Elizabeth Musacchio-González

Matthias Stock

David Dörflinger

Ulrike Fahrendholz

Gianfranco Prete

Osvaldo Carletto

Lothar Oberauer

Ignacio Porras

Fast neutron production at the LNL Tandem from the $$^7$$ <math> <msup> <mrow></mrow> <mn>7</mn> </msup> </math> Li( $$^{14}$$ <math> <msup> <mrow></mrow> <mn>14</mn> </msup> </math> N,xn)X reaction

Nuclear fusion reactions which produce energies and most of the elements in the Universe are the keys to driving the process of the Big Bang nucleosynthesis, as well as the evolution of stars. For fusions in real astrophysical conditions, it is crucial to directly measure them in the plasma environments. However, it is challenging to obtain reaction cross sections quantitatively because of the high instabilities of plasma. Here, an innovative self-calibration method is proposed to eliminate the large uncertainties caused by the plasma instabilities. And for the first time, it is applied to investigating the deuteron-lithium nuclear-fusion reaction $^{7}$Li(D,n)$^{8}$Be in the plasma, which is related to the Big Bang lithium abundance puzzle. Further, the reaction's astrophysical S-factor in the Gamow window around 173 keV in the plasma is measured to be <math><mi>S</mi><mo>=</mo><mo>(</mo><mn>24</mn><mo>±</mo><mn>8</mn><mo>)</mo></math> MeV⋅barn, which demonstrates from an experimental point of view that the coulomb screening effect does not play an essential role in this $^{7}$Li consuming reaction related to the Big Bang lithium abundance puzzle. This self-calibration method for nuclear reactions in the plasma can also be applied to exploring other nuclear-fusion reactions, such as $^{7}$Li(p,<math><msup><mrow><mi>α</mi><mo>)</mo></mrow><mrow><mn>4</mn></mrow></msup></math>He and $^{6}$Li(p,<math><msup><mrow><mi>α</mi><mo>)</mo></mrow><mrow><mn>3</mn></mrow></msup></math>He, as well as providing a new probe for detecting plasma dynamics.

Wenzhao Wang

Chong Lv

Xiaopeng Zhang

Changbo Fu

Bing Guo

Hongbo Cai

Liming Chen

Lei Cheng

Chuangye He

Jianjun He

Liang Li

Xiaofeng Xi

Dawei Yuan

Guoqiang Zhang

Wei Sun

Zhe Zhang

Jie Zhang

Yugang Ma

First measurement of the Li(D, n) astrophysical S-factor in laser-induced full plasma

We report an accurate determination of the nuclear magnetic dipole moments of $^{6,7}$Li from the measured ratio of the nuclear and the electron g-factors in atomic Li. The obtained results significantly improve upon the literature values and stress the importance of reliable theoretical calculations of the nuclear shielding corrections.