We study point impurities in non-relativistic quantum field theories, with a focus on scale-invariant fixed points. We establish the framework of conformal defects in Schrödinger field theories and their correspondence to many-body states in a harmonic trap. We discuss a multi-critical quantization of the one-body wave function induced by an impurity, with examples of free and unitary Fermi gases. Our results can potentially be tested in experimental setups.

United States

Avia Raviv-Moshe

Siwei Zhong

Impurities in Schrödinger field theories and s-wave resonance

We report a study of the hadronic transitions <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mrow><msub><mrow><mi>χ</mi></mrow><mrow><mi>b</mi><mi>J</mi></mrow></msub><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mn>2</mn><mi>P</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">→</mo><mi>ω</mi><mi mathvariant="normal">ϒ</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mn>1</mn><mi>S</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></mrow></math>, with <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mi>ω</mi><mo stretchy="false">→</mo><msup><mi>π</mi><mo>+</mo></msup><msup><mi>π</mi><mo>−</mo></msup><msup><mi>π</mi><mn>0</mn></msup></math>, using <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mrow><mn>28.2</mn><mo>×</mo><msup><mrow><mn>10</mn></mrow><mrow><mn>6</mn></mrow></msup><mtext> </mtext><mtext> </mtext><mi mathvariant="normal">ϒ</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mn>3</mn><mi>S</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></mrow></math> mesons recorded by the Belle detector. We present the first evidence for the near-threshold transition <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><msub><mi>χ</mi><mrow><mi>b</mi><mn>0</mn></mrow></msub><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mn>2</mn><mi>P</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">→</mo><mi>ω</mi><mi mathvariant="normal">ϒ</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mn>1</mn><mi>S</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></math>, the analog of the near-threshold charm sector decay <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><msub><mi>χ</mi><mrow><mi>c</mi><mn>1</mn></mrow></msub><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mn>3872</mn><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">→</mo><mi>ω</mi><mi>J</mi><mo>/</mo><mi>ψ</mi></math>, with a branching fraction of <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mrow><mi mathvariant="script">B</mi><mo minsize="2ex" stretchy="true">(</mo><msub><mrow><mi>χ</mi></mrow><mrow><mi>b</mi><mn>0</mn></mrow></msub><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mn>2</mn><mi>P</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">→</mo><mi>ω</mi><mi mathvariant="normal">ϒ</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mn>1</mn><mi>S</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo minsize="2ex" stretchy="true">)</mo><mo>=</mo><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mn>0.55</mn><mo>±</mo><mn>0.19</mn><mo>±</mo><mn>0.07</mn><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo>%</mo></mrow></math>. We also obtain branching fractions of <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mrow><mi mathvariant="script">B</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><msub><mrow><mi>χ</mi></mrow><mrow><mi>b</mi><mn>1</mn></mrow></msub><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mn>2</mn><mi>P</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">→</mo><mi>ω</mi><mi mathvariant="normal">ϒ</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mn>1</mn><mi>S</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo>=</mo><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><msubsup><mrow><mn>2.39</mn></mrow><mrow><mo>−</mo><mn>0.19</mn></mrow><mrow><mo>+</mo><mn>0.20</mn></mrow></msubsup><mo>±</mo><mn>0.24</mn><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo>%</mo></mrow></math> and <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mrow><mi mathvariant="script">B</mi><mo minsize="2ex" stretchy="true">(</mo><msub><mrow><mi>χ</mi></mrow><mrow><mi>b</mi><mn>2</mn></mrow></msub><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mn>2</mn><mi>P</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">→</mo><mi>ω</mi><mi mathvariant="normal">ϒ</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mn>1</mn><mi>S</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo minsize="2ex" stretchy="true">)</mo><mo>=</mo><mspace linebreak="goodbreak"></mspace><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><msubsup><mrow><mn>0.47</mn></mrow><mrow><mo>−</mo><mn>0.12</mn></mrow><mrow><mo>+</mo><mn>0.13</mn></mrow></msubsup><mo>±</mo><mn>0.06</mn><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo>%</mo></mrow></math>, confirming the measurement of the <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mi>ω</mi></math> transitions of the <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mi>J</mi><mo>=</mo><mn>1</mn><mo>,</mo><mn>2</mn><mi>P</mi></math>–wave states. The ratio for the <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mi>J</mi><mo>=</mo><mn>2</mn></math> to <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mi>J</mi><mo>=</mo><mn>1</mn></math> transitions is also measured and found to differ by 3.3 standard deviations from the expected value in the QCD multipole expansion.

Z.S. Stottler

T.K. Pedlar

B.G. Fulsom

I. Adachi

K. Adamczyk

H. Aihara

S. Al Said

D.M. Asner

H. Atmacan

T. Aushev

R. Ayad

V. Babu

Sw. Banerjee

M. Bauer

P. Behera

K. Belous

J. Bennett

F. Bernlochner

M. Bessner

T. Bilka

D. Biswas

A. Bobrov

D. Bodrov

G. Bonvicini

J. Borah

A. Bozek

P. Branchini

T.E. Browder

A. Budano

M. Campajola

L. Cao

D. Červenkov

M.C. Chang

B.G. Cheon

K. Chilikin

H.E. Cho

K. Cho

S.K. Choi

Y. Choi

S. Choudhury

D. Cinabro

S. Das

G. De Nardo

G. De Pietro

R. Dhamija

F. Di Capua

Z. Doležal

T.V. Dong

S. Dubey

P. Ecker

D. Epifanov

T. Ferber

D. Ferlewicz

V. Gaur

A. Garmash

A. Giri

P. Goldenzweig

E. Graziani

T. Gu

Y. Guan

K. Gudkova

C. Hadjivasiliou

T. Hara

K. Hayasaka

S. Hazra

M.T. Hedges

D. Herrmann

W.S. Hou

C.L. Hsu

K. Inami

N. Ipsita

A. Ishikawa

R. Itoh

M. Iwasaki

Y. Iwasaki

W.W. Jacobs

S. Jia

Y. Jin

A.B. Kaliyar

T. Kawasaki

C. Kiesling

C.H. Kim

D.Y. Kim

K.H. Kim

Y.K. Kim

P. Kodyš

A. Korobov

S. Korpar

E. Kovalenko

P. Križan

P. Krokovny

T. Kuhr

M. Kumar

R. Kumar

K. Kumara

A. Kuzmin

Y.J. Kwon

Y.T. Lai

T. Lam

M. Laurenza

Study of <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mrow><msub><mrow><mi>χ</mi></mrow><mrow><mi>b</mi><mi>J</mi></mrow></msub><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mn>2</mn><mi>P</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo stretchy="false">→</mo><mi>ω</mi><mi mathvariant="normal">ϒ</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mn>1</mn><mi>S</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></mrow></math> at Belle

The spectrum of half-Bogomol’nyi–Prasad–Sommerfeld (BPS) single-particle operators of the D1-D5 system in the supergravity regime is dual to the spectrum of Kaluza-Klein modes of tensor and graviton multiplets in <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mrow><msub><mrow><mi>AdS</mi></mrow><mrow><mn>3</mn></mrow></msub><mo>×</mo><mrow><msup><mrow><mi mathvariant="normal">S</mi></mrow><mrow><mn>3</mn></mrow></msup></mrow></mrow></math>. We present simple formulas for all four-point tree-level correlators of scalar half-BPS primary operators in the spectrum, and in particular, we bootstrap the four-point correlator of the graviton multiplet for all KK levels. A key insight of our approach is the use of generalized Mellin space, and a decomposition of the correlators into distinct subsectors each one characterized by different on shell constraints among the Mellin variables. The resulting Mellin amplitudes involve a small set of building blocks with manifest properties under a six-dimensional symmetry.

Spain

F. Aprile

Brazil

C. Behan

United Kingdom

R.S. Pitombo

Taiwan

M. Santagata

Simplicity of Mellin amplitudes for <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mrow><msub><mrow><mi>AdS</mi></mrow><mn>3</mn></msub><mo>×</mo><msup><mrow><mi mathvariant="normal">S</mi></mrow><mn>3</mn></msup></mrow></math>

We investigate the phenomenology of the charged Higgs boson at the International Linear Collider (ILC) within the framework of the type-X Two-Higgs Doublet Model, where a light charged Higgs boson, with a mass around 200 GeV or even smaller than top quark mass, is still being consistent with flavor physics data as well as with collider experimental data. In the theoretically and experimentally allowed parameter space, the <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><msup><mi>e</mi><mo>+</mo></msup><msup><mi>e</mi><mo>−</mo></msup><mo stretchy="false">→</mo><msup><mi>H</mi><mo>±</mo></msup><msup><mi>W</mi><mo>∓</mo></msup><mi>S</mi></math> (with <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mrow><mi>S</mi><mo>=</mo><mi>H</mi></mrow></math>, <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mrow><mi>A</mi></mrow></math>) production processes can yield signatures with event rates larger than those from <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><msup><mi>e</mi><mo>+</mo></msup><msup><mi>e</mi><mo>−</mo></msup><mo stretchy="false">→</mo><msup><mi>H</mi><mo>+</mo></msup><msup><mi>H</mi><mo>−</mo></msup></math> and offer sensitivity to the Higgs mixing parameter <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mi>sin</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>β</mi><mo>−</mo><mi>α</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></math>. We consider the bosonic <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><msup><mi>H</mi><mo>±</mo></msup><mo stretchy="false">→</mo><msup><mi>W</mi><mo>±</mo></msup><mi>S</mi></math> decays, where the neutral scalar <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mi>S</mi></math> further decays into a pair of tau leptons. We show, through a detector-level Monte Carlo analysis, that the resulting <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mo stretchy="false">[</mo><mi>τ</mi><mi>τ</mi><mo stretchy="false">]</mo><mo stretchy="false">[</mo><mi>τ</mi><mi>τ</mi><mo stretchy="false">]</mo><mi>W</mi><mi>W</mi></math> final state could be seen at the ILC with at least 500 GeV center-of-mass energy and <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mn>500</mn><mtext> </mtext><mtext> </mtext><msup><mi>fb</mi><mrow><mo>−</mo><mn>1</mn></mrow></msup></math> of luminosity.

Morocco

Brahim Ait Ouazghour

Abdesslam Arhrib

South Korea

Kingman Cheung

Es-said Ghourmin

Mohamed Krab

Larbi Rahili

Searching for charged Higgs bosons via <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><msup><mi>e</mi><mo>+</mo></msup><msup><mi>e</mi><mo>−</mo></msup><mo stretchy="false">→</mo><msup><mi>H</mi><mo>±</mo></msup><msup><mi>W</mi><mo>∓</mo></msup><mi>S</mi></math> at the ILC

The proposed Circular Electron Positron Collider (CEPC) is expected to provide adequate events around the $\textit{Z}$ boson mass pole, allowing high precision determination on the effective weak mixing angle. Specifically, one can acquire large data samples of the $$Z\rightarrow b\bar{b}$$ , $$Z\rightarrow c\bar{c}$$ and $$Z\rightarrow s\bar{s}$$ events with high purity, even though the efficiencies of the jet tagging are limited to ensure a good separation between different flavors. According to recent studies of the detector and reconstruction algorithms, with the new jet tagging method at the CEPC detector which gives a purity of $$99.9\%$$ for the $$b\bar{b}$$ and $$c\bar{c}$$ samples and $$97\%$$ for the $$s\bar{s}$$ sample, the corresponding uncertainties on the effective weak mixing angle determined from those samples are better than $$10^{-4}$$ using data collected within 1 month. It allows high precision determinations of the effective weak mixing angle from different quark flavors especially for $\textit{c}$ and $\textit{s}$ quarks, which is essential to the standard model global test and potential new physics searches.

China

Zhenyu Zhao

Siqi Yang

Manqi Ruan

Yongfeng Zhu

Minghui Liu

Liang Han

Measurement of the effective weak mixing angle using $$b\bar{b}$$ , $$c\bar{c}$$ and $$s\bar{s}$$ final states at the CEPC

We report on a search for elementary particles with charges much smaller than the electron charge using a data sample of proton-proton collisions provided by the CERN Large Hadron Collider in 2023–24, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mn>124.7</mn><mtext> </mtext><mtext> </mtext><msup><mi>fb</mi><mrow><mo>−</mo><mn>1</mn></mrow></msup></math> at a center-of-mass energy of 13.6 TeV. The analysis presented uses the completed Run 3 milliQan bar detector to set the most stringent constraints to date for particles with charges <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mrow><mo>≤</mo><mn>0.24</mn><mtext> </mtext><mtext> </mtext><mi mathvariant="normal">e</mi></mrow></math> and masses <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mo>≥</mo><mn>0.45</mn><mtext> </mtext><mtext> </mtext><mi>GeV</mi></math>.

S. Alcott

Z. Bhatti

J. Brooke

C. Campagnari

M. Carrigan

M. Citron

R. De Los Santos

CERN

A. De Roeck

C. Dorofeev

T. Du

M. Gastal

J. Goldstein

F. Golf

N. Gonzalez

A. Haas

J. Heymann

C.S. Hill

D. Imani

M. Joyce

K. Larina

R. Loos

Belgium

S. Lowette

H. Mei

D.W. Miller

B. Peng

S.N. Santpur

I. Reed

E. Schaffer

R. Schmitz

J. Steenis

D. Stuart

J.S. Tafoya Vargas

D. Vannerom

T. Wybouw

Z. Xiao

Lebanon

H. Zaraket

G. Zecchinelli

C. Zheng

Search for Millicharged Particles in Proton-Proton Collisions at <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mrow><msqrt><mrow><mi>s</mi></mrow></msqrt><mo>=</mo><mn>13.6</mn><mtext> </mtext><mtext> </mtext><mi>TeV</mi></mrow></math>

Recent high-precision <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><msup><mi>e</mi><mo>+</mo></msup><msup><mi>e</mi><mo>−</mo></msup><mo stretchy="false">→</mo><mi>c</mi><mover accent="true"><mi>c</mi><mo stretchy="false">¯</mo></mover></math> data from BESIII and Belle are highly useful to understand vector charmonium (<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mi>ψ</mi></math>) pole structures and puzzling line shapes due to the exotic hadron candidates <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mi>Y</mi></math>. We, thus, perform a global coupled-channel analysis of most of the available data (ten two-body, nine three-body, and one four-body final states) in <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mrow><mrow><mrow><msqrt><mrow><mi>s</mi></mrow></msqrt><mo>=</mo></mrow><mn>3.75</mn><mtext> </mtext><mo>−</mo><mn>4.7</mn></mrow><mtext> </mtext><mi>GeV</mi></mrow></math>. Not only cross sections, but also invariant-mass distributions of subsystems are fitted. The <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><msup><mi>e</mi><mo>+</mo></msup><msup><mi>e</mi><mo>−</mo></msup><mo stretchy="false">→</mo><msup><mi>μ</mi><mo>+</mo></msup><msup><mi>μ</mi><mo>−</mo></msup></math> cross sections are also predicted. Our model includes dozens of (quasi-)two-body states that nonperturbatively couple with each other through bare <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mi>ψ</mi></math> excitations, particle-exchange, and short-range mechanisms; approximate three-body unitarity is considered. The amplitudes obtained from the fit are analytically continued to <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mi>ψ</mi></math> and <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><msub><mi>Z</mi><mi>c</mi></msub></math> poles. We find <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mi>ψ</mi></math> states similar to those in the Particle Data Group listing and <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mi>Y</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mn>4320</mn><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></math>. Moreover, several <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mi>ψ</mi></math> states, including new ones, are found close to open-charm thresholds. Trajectories and compositeness of the near-threshold poles suggest dominant hadron-molecule contents in their internal structures. Two <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><msub><mi>Z</mi><mi>c</mi></msub></math> poles are found as virtual states <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mo>∼</mo><mn>40</mn><mtext> </mtext><mtext> </mtext><mi>MeV</mi></math> below the <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><msup><mi>D</mi><mo>*</mo></msup><msup><mover accent="true"><mi>D</mi><mo stretchy="false">¯</mo></mover><mrow><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mo>*</mo><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></mrow></msup></math> thresholds, consistent with lattice QCD results. This work presents the first global analysis to determine <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mi>ψ</mi></math> and <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><msub><mi>Z</mi><mi>c</mi></msub></math> poles, thereby paving the way to extracting detailed properties of the prominent exotic hadron candidates from data.

S.X. Nakamura

X.H. Li

H.P. Peng

Z.T. Sun

X.R. Zhou

Global coupled-channel analysis of <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><msup><mi>e</mi><mo>+</mo></msup><msup><mi>e</mi><mo>−</mo></msup><mo stretchy="false">→</mo><mi>c</mi><mover accent="true"><mi>c</mi><mo stretchy="false">¯</mo></mover></math> processes in <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mrow><mrow><msqrt><mrow><mi>s</mi></mrow></msqrt><mo>=</mo></mrow><mn>3.75</mn><mtext> </mtext><mi>to</mi><mtext> </mtext><mn>4.7</mn><mtext> </mtext><mi>GeV</mi></mrow></math>

We present the results of a first-principles theoretical study of the inclusive semileptonic decays of the <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><msub><mi>D</mi><mi>s</mi></msub></math> meson. We performed a state-of-the-art lattice QCD calculation using the gauge ensembles produced by the Extended Twisted Mass Collaboration with dynamical light, strange and charm quarks with physical masses and employed the so-called Hansen-Lupo-Tantalo (HLT) method to extract the decay rate and the first two lepton-energy moments from the relevant Euclidean correlators. We have carefully taken into account all sources of systematic errors, including the ones associated with the continuum and infinite-volume extrapolations and with the HLT spectral reconstruction method. We obtained results in very good agreement with the currently available experimental determinations and with a total accuracy at the few-percent level, of the same order of magnitude of the experimental error. Our total error is dominated by the lattice QCD simulations statistical uncertainties and is certainly improvable. From the results presented and thoroughly discussed in this paper we conclude that it is nowadays possible to study heavy mesons inclusive semileptonic decays on the lattice at a phenomenologically relevant level of accuracy. The phenomenological implications of our physical results are the subject of a companion Letter [A. De Santis et al., Inclusive semileptonic decays of the <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><msub><mi>D</mi><mi>s</mi></msub></math> meson: Lattice QCD confronts experiments, Phys. Rev. Lett. 135, 121901 (2025).].

Germany

Alessandro De Santis

Italy

Antonio Evangelista

Roberto Frezzotti

Giuseppe Gagliardi

Paolo Gambino

Marco Garofalo

Christiane Franziska Groß

Bartosz Kostrzewa

Vittorio Lubicz

Francesca Margari

Finland

Marco Panero

Inclusive semileptonic decays of the <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><msub><mi>D</mi><mi>s</mi></msub></math> meson: A first-principles lattice QCD calculation