We explore the properties of vector dark matter (DM) particles that predominantly interact with Standard Model (SM) electroweak gauge bosons using an effective field theory approach. The study emphasizes effective contact interactions, invariant under the SM gauge group, between vector DM and SM-neutral electroweak gauge bosons. Focusing on interaction terms up to dimension-eight, we establish constraints on the model parameters based on the observed DM relic density and indirect detection signals. We also examine the prospects for dark matter-nucleon scattering in direct detection experiments. In addition, we analyze the sensitivity of low-energy LEP data to the pair production of light DM particles (with masses up to 80 GeV). Finally, we assess the potential of the proposed International Linear Collider to probe these effective operators through the detection of DM particles produced in association with mono-photons.

India

Hrishabh Bharadwaj

Exploring vector dark matter via effective interactions

We propose a novel pathway to generate the electroweak scale (EW) via nonperturbative dynamics of a dark gauge sector based on the SU(N) gauge group. Imposing the scale invariance of the theory, we investigate the electroweak symmetry breaking (EWSB) which is triggered dynamically via the condensation of gauge fields. Instead of the usual dimension-4 triggered breaking, a dimension 6 term (with Wilson coefficient compatible with Standard Model Effective Field Theory (SMEFT) bounds) coupling the Higgs boson and the Yang-Mills field quadratic term in the Lagrangian provides feedback from the gauge to the Higgs sector. We provide a novel method to estimate a nonperturbative EW scale generation using the exact solution of a truncated set of the background equations of motion in Yang-Mills theory in terms of Jacobi elliptic functions and the exact beta-function valid in the strongly coupled regimes via the Dyson-Schwinger approach. Particularly, we find an analytical result for the renormalization group equation (RGE) of the gauge coupling in the <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mi>S</mi><mi>U</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>N</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></math> sector in the strongly coupled regime. The dynamics studied in this paper pave the way to a more realistic model building with possible resolution to the hierarchy problem and, in general, dynamical generation of scales.

Italy

Marco Frasca

Poland

Anish Ghoshal

United States

Nobuchika Okada

Nonperturbative origin of the electroweak scale: RGE in strongly-coupled dark gauge theories via the Dyson-Schwinger approach

Relative entropy is a non-negative quantity and offers a powerful means of achieving a unified understanding of fundamental properties in physics, including the second law of thermodynamics and positivity bounds on effective field theories (EFTs). We analyze the relative entropy in scalar field theories and show that the non-negativity of relative entropy is potentially violated in perturbative calculations based on operator and loop expansions. Conversely, this suggests that the consistency of the EFT description in the scalar field theory can be identified by the sign of the relative entropy. In fact, we revisit an EFT of single-field inflation and present a relation between its non-linear parameter $\textit{f}$ and the consistency condition of the EFT description derived from the relative entropy method. We find that interesting regions of $\textit{f}$ that are observationally allowed can be constrained from the relative entropy by imposing the consistency of the EFT description when the EFT is generated via the interaction with heavy fields in UV theories.

Israel

Switzerland

Daiki Ueda

Japan

Kazuhiro Tatsumi

Consistency of EFT illuminated via relative entropy: a case study in scalar field theory

In this work, we study the mass spectrum of the hidden-charm hybrid states with the <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><msup><mi>J</mi><mrow><mi>P</mi><mi>C</mi></mrow></msup><mo>=</mo><msup><mn>0</mn><mrow><mo>−</mo><mo>+</mo></mrow></msup></math>, <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><msup><mn>0</mn><mrow><mo>+</mo><mo>+</mo></mrow></msup></math>, <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><msup><mn>0</mn><mrow><mo>−</mo><mo>−</mo></mrow></msup></math>, <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><msup><mn>1</mn><mrow><mo>+</mo><mo>+</mo></mrow></msup></math>, <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><msup><mn>1</mn><mrow><mo>+</mo><mo>−</mo></mrow></msup></math>, <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><msup><mn>1</mn><mrow><mo>−</mo><mo>+</mo></mrow></msup></math>, <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><msup><mn>1</mn><mrow><mo>−</mo><mo>−</mo></mrow></msup></math>, <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><msup><mn>2</mn><mrow><mo>−</mo><mo>+</mo></mrow></msup></math> and <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><msup><mn>2</mn><mrow><mo>+</mo><mo>+</mo></mrow></msup></math> via the quantum chromodynamics (QCD) sum rules in a consistent way. We calculate the vacuum condensates up to dimensions-6 by taking account of both the leading order and next-to-leading order contributions, and take the energy scale formula <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mrow><mi>μ</mi><mo>=</mo><msqrt><mrow><msubsup><mrow><mi>M</mi></mrow><mrow><mi>X</mi><mo>/</mo><mi>Y</mi><mo>/</mo><mi>Z</mi></mrow><mrow><mn>2</mn></mrow></msubsup><mo>−</mo><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mn>2</mn><msub><mrow><mi mathvariant="double-struck">M</mi></mrow><mrow><mi>c</mi></mrow></msub><msup><mrow><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></mrow><mrow><mn>2</mn></mrow></msup></mrow></msqrt></mrow></math> to choose the suitable energy scales of the QCD spectral densities, it is the first time to explore the energy scale dependence of the QCD sum rules for the hidden-charm hybrid states.

China

Zhi-Gang Wang

Mass spectrum of the hidden-charm hybrid states via QCD sum rules

Domain walls are a type of topological defect that can arise in the early universe after the spontaneous breaking of a discrete symmetry. They can form in several beyond the Standard Model theories with an extended Higgs sector such as the Next-to-Two-Higgs-Doublet model (N2HDM). In this work, we discuss the domain wall solution related to the singlet scalar of the N2HDM and demonstrate the possibility of restoring the electroweak symmetry inside and in the vicinity of the domain wall. Such symmetry restoration can have profound implications on early universe cosmology as the weak sphaleron rate inside the domain wall would, in principle, be unsuppressed compared to the rate outside the wall. We also discuss the possibility of generating CP-violating field configurations and hypermagnetic fields localized inside the domain wall. Our work is a first step towards the realization of electroweak baryogenesis mediated by domain walls in the N2HDM.

Germany

Mohamed Sassi

Gudrid Moortgat-Pick

Electroweak symmetry restoration in the N2HDM via domain walls

The quark mass dependence of octet baryon magnetic polarizabilities is examined at the level of individual quark-sector contributions in the uniform background-field approach of lattice QCD. The aim is to understand the direct impact of increasing the mass of a quark flavor on the magnetic polarizability and indirect or environmental effects associated with changing the mass of spectator quarks, insensitive to the background magnetic field. Noting the need to set the electric charge of some quark flavors to zero, a fractionally charged baryon formalism is introduced. We find that increasing the mass of the charged quark flavor directly causes its contribution to the magnetic polarizability to decrease. However, increasing the mass of the spectator quark flavor indirectly acts to increase the magnetic polarizability. To gain a deeper understanding of these effects, we evaluate the predictions of the constituent quark model in this context. While the model provides a compelling explanation for the environmental effect of varying the spectator quark mass, an explanation of the direct mass dependence is more complicated as competing factors combine in the final result. The lattice results indicate the key factor is a reduction in the constituent quark magnetic moment with increasing quark mass, as it governs the strength of the magnetic transition to the nearby decuplet baryon.

Australia

Thomas Kabelitz

Waseem Kamleh

Derek Leinweber

Quark mass effects in octet baryon magnetic polarizabilities via lattice QCD

We illustrate the potential of a future high-intensity $$e^+ e^-$$ collider running at the $\textit{Z}$ pole in probing extensions of the Standard Model via precise measurements of flavor-changing processes. We illustrate this potential both within effective field theories and simplified models inspired by current $\textit{B}$-physics data, focusing on selected flavor-physics measurement projections at FCC-ee, and by the theoretically well-motivated scenario of TeV-scale new physics predominantly coupled to third-generation fields. In particular, we demonstrate the key role played by the interplay among different flavor-physics measurements, and between flavor and electroweak measurements, in cornering the New Physics parameter space. Updated constraints on new physics, in the limit that no deviations from the Standard Model are observed, are also presented.

Lukas Allwicher

Gino Isidori

Marko Pesut

Flavored circular collider: cornering New Physics at FCC-ee via flavor-changing processes

Quantum informatic quantities such as entanglement entropy are useful in detecting quantum phase transitions. Recently, a new entanglement measure called pseudo-entropy was proposed which is a generalization of the more well-known entanglement entropy. It has many nice properties and is useful in the study of post-selection measurements. In this paper, one of our goals is to explore the properties of pseudo-entropy and study its effectiveness as a quantum chaos diagnostic, i.e., as a tool to distinguish between chaotic and integrable systems. Using various variants of the SYK model, we study the signal of quantum chaos captured in the pseudo-entropy and relate it to the spectral form factor (SFF) and local operator entanglement (LOE).

Song He

Pak Lau

Long Zhao

Detecting quantum chaos via pseudo-entropy

A fundamental challenge in supersymmetric field theory is that supersymmetry transformations on field variables generally form an algebra only on-shell, i.e. upon imposing the field equations. We show that this issue is defused in a manifestly relational – and thus automatically invariant – formulation of supersymmetric field theory, achieved through the application of the Dressing Field Method of symmetry reduction, a systematic tool to exhibit the gauge-invariant content of general-relativistic gauge field theories.

Austria

Czechia

Belgium

J. François

Chile

L. Ravera

Off-shell supersymmetry via manifest invariance

We present two precision tools for the simulation of Higgs-pair production via vector-boson fusion in the kappa framework for the parameterization of non-standard Higgs couplings. A new implementation of the process is developed in the framework of the POWHEG BOX program that can be used to provide predictions at the next-to-leading order (NLO) of QCD matched to parton showers (PS). In addition, the existing proVBFHH program for the computation of next-to-next-to-leading order (NNLO) QCD and next-to-next-to-next-to-leading order QCD corrections is extended to account for values of the Higgs couplings different from the expectation of the Standard Model. We systematically compare and analyse predictions obtained with the two programs and find that the NLO+PS predictions provide a good approximation of the NNLO results for observables of the tagging jets and Higgs bosons. The results turn out to be very sensitive to the values of the modified Higgs couplings. Finally we study the non-factorizable NNLO QCD corrections to the process in the presence of anomalous couplings. We find that the size of the non-factorizable corrections is very sensitive to the anomalous couplings.

Barbara Jäger

Alexander Karlberg

Simon Reinhardt

Precision tools for the simulation of double-Higgs production via vector-boson fusion