In this paper, we study Proca stars in asymptotically anti-de Sitter (AdS) Ellis wormholes. This study distinguishes itself from the analysis of the Proca stars in asymptotically flat spacetimes. In the AdS Ellis wormhole background, the mass of the wormhole solutions vanishes. Consequently, we employ numerical techniques to investigate in detail the impact of the cosmological constant on both the matter field and the wormhole geometry, while categorizing the solutions in accordance with the symmetries of the Proca field. The results show that when the cosmological constant decreases, not only does the characteristic spiral behavior of the Proca star solutions, namely the charge-frequency relation $\textit{Q}$– $$\omega ,$$ gradually disappear, but the throat or both sides of the wormhole may also develop a “horizon”, presenting a “black bounce” characteristic.

China

Gen Li

Chen-Hao Hao

Xin Su

Yong-Qiang Wang

Proca stars in AdS Ellis wormholes

In this paper, we present a spherically symmetric wormhole in Einstein gravity coupled with the phantom scalar field and the nonlinear electromagnetic field. Numerical results show that this solution violates the Null Energy Condition (NEC), and as the parameters change, the ADM mass of the entire spacetime changes from positive to negative. In addition, we analyze the light ring (LR) of the solution and demonstrate the astronomical observation properties. Especially when negative mass appears, the general LR will not appear, only a “special unstable LR” exists at the throat, which is caused by the repulsive effect of the negative mass on both sides of the wormhole. Finally, we draw the embedding diagram to reflect the geometric characteristics of the wormhole.

Tie-Feng Fang

Generalized Bronnikov–Ellis wormhole with nonlinear electromagnetic field

In this paper, we explore the properties of the Ellis-Jaffe Sum Rule (EJSR) by employing the Principle of Maximum Conformality (PMC) approach to address its perturbative part up to next-to-next-to-next-to-leading order ( <math altimg='si1.svg'><msup><mrow><mi mathvariant='normal'>N</mi></mrow><mrow><mn mathvariant='normal'>3</mn></mrow></msup><mi mathvariant='normal'>LO</mi></math>) QCD contributions. By applying the PMC, we achieve a precise perturbative QCD prediction for the EJSR, free from conventional ambiguities associated with the renormalization scale choices. Considering the presence of the <math altimg='si2.svg'><msub><mrow><mi>&#945;</mi></mrow><mrow><mi>s</mi></mrow></msub></math> Landau pole near the asymptotic scale, we incorporate the low-energy <math altimg='si2.svg'><msub><mrow><mi>&#945;</mi></mrow><mrow><mi>s</mi></mrow></msub></math> model based on analytic perturbation theory (APT) to refine the EJSR behavior in the infrared region. By combining the PMC approach with the low-energy APT model, the agreement between theoretical calculations and experimental measurements of EJSR is significantly improved, as evidenced by the reduced discrepancy from <math altimg='si3.svg'><msup><mrow><mi>&#967;</mi></mrow><mrow><mn>2</mn></mrow></msup><mo stretchy='false'>/</mo><mi>d</mi><mo>.</mo><mi>o</mi><mo>.</mo><mi>f</mi><msub><mrow><mo stretchy='false'>|</mo></mrow><mrow><mi mathvariant='normal'>Conv</mi><mo>.</mo></mrow></msub><mo linebreak='goodbreak' linebreakstyle='after'>=</mo><mn>1.86</mn></math> to <math altimg='si4.svg'><msup><mrow><mi>&#967;</mi></mrow><mrow><mn>2</mn></mrow></msup><mo stretchy='false'>/</mo><mi>d</mi><mo>.</mo><mi>o</mi><mo>.</mo><mi>f</mi><msub><mrow><mo stretchy='false'>|</mo></mrow><mrow><mi mathvariant='normal'>PMC</mi></mrow></msub><mo linebreak='goodbreak' linebreakstyle='after'>=</mo><mn>1.19</mn></math>, thereby validating the effectiveness of our approach.

Hua Zhou

Qing Yu

Xing-Gang Wu

Updated determination of Ellis-Jaffe sum rules up to N <sup>3</sup>LO QCD corrections

We derive a lower bound on the sensitivity of generic mechanical and electromagnetic gravitational wave detectors. We consider both classical and quantum detection schemes, although we focus on the former. Our results allow for a simple reproduction of the sensitivities of a variety of experiments, including optical interferometers, resonant bars, optomechanical sensors, and electromagnetic conversion experiments. In the high-frequency regime, all detection schemes we consider can be characterised by their stored electromagnetic energy and the signal transfer function, which we provide. We discuss why high-frequency gravitational wave searches are especially difficult and primordial gravitational wave backgrounds might not be detectable above the sensitivity window of existing interferometers.

France

Raffaele D’Agnolo

Switzerland

Sebastian Ellis

Classical (and quantum) heuristics for gravitational wave detection

In this paper, we theoretically investigate gravitational lensing within the space-time framework of traversable wormholes, focusing on the combined effects of a global monopole and a cosmic string. Specifically, we examine the Ellis-Bronnikov-Morris-Thorne wormhole metric and analyze how these topological defects influence photon trajectories. By considering the weak-field limit, we derive analytical expressions for the photon deflection angle, highlighting how factors such as the wormhole throat radius, the global monopole charge, and the cosmic string influence the gravitational lensing phenomenon. We also examine the weak-field limit of lensing phenomena for a zero wormhole throat radius and derive an analytical expression for the deflection angle of photon light in this scenario.

India

Faizuddin Ahmed

Türkiye

İzzet Sakallı

Jordan

Ahmad Al-Badawi

Gravitational lensing phenomena of Ellis-Bronnikov-Morris-Thorne wormhole with global monopole and cosmic string

In this paper, we study the spherically symmetric traversable wormholes supported by a phantom field in the anti-de Sitter (AdS) asymptotic spacetime. We couple an additional complex scalar field into this wormhole spacetime and study the physical properties of this model. Despite coupling the scalar matter field, these wormholes remain massless and symmetric for reflection of the radial coordinate $$r \rightarrow -r.$$ The solution possesses a finite Noether charge , which varies as a function of frequency $$\omega $$ with changes in the cosmological constant $$\Lambda $$ and the throat size $$r_0.$$ Under specific conditions, an approximate “event horizon” will appear at the throat.

AdS Ellis wormholes with scalar field

We investigate the radial perturbations of Ellis-Bronnikov wormholes (<math><mi>l</mi><mo>=</mo><mn>0</mn></math>) in a slowly rotating background expanded up to second order in rotation. We find indications that simple wormhole solutions such as Ellis-Bronnikov in General Relativity can be stabilized by rotation, thus favoring a viable traversable wormhole. This opens up the intriguing question whether the many other wormhole solutions with or without the support of exotic matter can become linearly mode stable when the wormhole rotates.

Germany

Bahareh Azad

Spain

Jose Luis Blázquez-Salcedo

Fech Scen Khoo

Jutta Kunz

Are slowly rotating Ellis-Bronnikov wormholes stable?

We discuss a novel detection technique for millicharged dark matter that makes use of existing light-shining-through-wall (LSW) experiments searching for massive dark photons. Since millicharged particles interact with both the visible and dark sectors, a small background of such particles enables the search for visible signals even in the limit of a massless dark photon. Furthermore, for sufficiently large couplings, a small dark matter subcomponent consisting of millicharged particles can have a terrestrial abundance that is significantly enhanced with respect to its galactic abundance. We leverage this fact to show that in certain parts of parameter space, future runs of the LSW Dark SRF experiment can be used to set the strongest limits on millicharged relics.

United States

Asher Berlin

Canada

Jury Radkovski

Signals of millicharged dark matter in light-shining-through-wall experiments

We study the particle trajectories in the recently proposed five dimensional warped (generalized) Ellis–Bronnikov spacetime (5D-WGEB) (which does not require exotic matter) as well as it’s four dimensional counterpart (4D-GEB) in detail and conduct a comparative study. Analytical approach provides conditions which determines three types of trajectories (trapped, returning and crossing) for both 4D and 5D spacetimes. Notably in 5D geometry existence of trapped trajectories become highly sensitive to the initial conditions. We have solved the timelike geodesic equations numerically and presented the trajectories graphically along with corresponding geodesic potentials. We thus distinguished the roles of the so-called wormhole parameter and the warping factor regarding their effects on the trajectories and embedding as such. Interestingly, the 5D-WGEB model shows the localization of massive particles around the location of the brane for growing warp factor and runaway trajectories for decaying warp factor.

Vivek Sharma

Suman Ghosh

Geodesics in generalised Ellis–Bronnikov spacetime embedded in warped 5D background

In this work, the Ellis drainhole solution is derived in Einstein-Æther gravity, and subsequently, the axial quasinormal modes of the resulting drainhole are investigated. Owing to the presence of a minimally coupled scalar field with antiorthodox coupling polarity, the resultant metric solution is featured by a throat instead of a horizon, for which static æther solution becomes feasible. Moreover, the derived master equations for the axial gravitational perturbations consist of two coupled vector degrees of freedom. By utilizing the finite difference method, the temporal profiles of the quasinormal oscillations are evaluated, and, subsequently, the complex frequencies are extracted and compared against the specific values obtained by the WKB method when the coupling is turned off. Besides, the effect of the coupling on the low-lying quasinormal spectrum is explored, and its possible physical relevance is discussed.

Brazil

Kai Lin

Wei-Liang Qian

Ellis drainhole solution in Einstein-Æther gravity and the axial gravitational quasinormal modes