We present a systematic analysis of the Higgs signal strengths at 125 GeV and 95 GeV in a non-supersymmetric $ U(1)_X $ model with vector-like fermions ( $ U(1)_X $ VLFM). This framework extends the Standard Model (SM) by introducing an additional $ U(1)_X $ gauge symmetry, three right-handed neutrinos, two singlet Higgs fields ($\textit{ϕ}$ and $\textit{S}$), and one generation of vector-like quarks and leptons. The scalar fields mix in the neutral CP-even sector, yielding two Higgs-like states around 95 GeV and 125 GeV. We perform a $ \chi^2 $ analysis that combines the Higgs signal strength measurements at 125 GeV from ATLAS and CMS, including the $ \gamma\gamma $ , $ WW^* $ , $ ZZ^* $ , $ b\bar{b} $ , and $ \tau\bar{\tau} $ channels, together with the 95 GeV excesses observed in the diphoton and $ b\bar{b} $ final states reported by CMS and LEP. Our results indicate that the $ U(1)_X $ VLFM successfully reproduces the observed signal strengths of the 125 GeV Higgs while simultaneously explaining the 95 GeV excess. The parameters $ g_X $ , $ g_{YX} $ , $ v_S $ , $ v_P $ , and the new Yukawa couplings play a crucial role in achieving this consistency.

China

Rong-Zhi Sun

Shu-Min Zhao

Meng-Zi Cao

Song Gao

Portugal

Xing-Xing Dong

Higgs Bosons at 95 and 125 GeV in the $\textit{U}$(1) $\textit{X}$ VLFM * Supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China (NNSFC) (2075074), Natural Science Foundation of Hebei Province (A2023201040, A2022201022, A2022201017, A2023201041), Natural Science Foundation of Hebei Education Department (QN2022173), the Project of the China Scholarship Council (CSC) (202408130113). This work is also supported by Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia (FCT, Portugal) through the project UID/00777/2025 (https://doi.org/ 10.54499/UID/00777/2025)

We study the Higgs boson decays $$h \rightarrow Z\gamma $$ and $$h \rightarrow m_VZ$$ in a model with vectorlike fermions and $$U(1)_X$$ symmetry ( $$U(1)_X$$ VLFM), where $$m_V$$ is a vector meson ( $$\rho ,\ \omega ,\ \phi ,\ J/\psi ,\ \Upsilon $$ ). The exotic Yukawa interactions in this model generate mixing between Standard Model (SM) fermions and vectorlike fermions, and this mixing affects the Higgs boson mass and Higgs couplings. The corrections to the CP-even and CP-odd $$h\gamma Z$$ couplings come from loop diagrams that involve the new particles, and these corrections have a clear impact on the decay rates of $$h\rightarrow Z\gamma $$ and $$h\rightarrow m_VZ$$ . In suitable regions of the parameter space, the model can produce non-negligible deviations in $$\Gamma _\textrm{NP}(h\rightarrow Z\gamma )/\Gamma _\textrm{SM}(h\rightarrow Z\gamma )$$ and $$\Gamma _\textrm{NP}(h\rightarrow m_VZ)/\Gamma _\textrm{SM}(h\rightarrow m_V Z)$$ , providing possible signals of new physics (NP) beyond the SM.

Yue-Tong Liu

Higgs boson decays $$h\rightarrow Z \gamma $$ and $$h\rightarrow m_V Z$$ in the $$U(1)_X$$ VLFM

This study investigates the ultraviolet realization of semileptonic four-fermion operator $ O_{ledq}^{\alpha \beta 11} $ that incorporates Majorana dark matter (DM) in both lepton-flavor-conserving (LFC) and lepton-flavor-violating (LFV) scenarios at the one-loop level via box diagram, thereby effectively alleviating the lower bounds on the new physics scale. In addition, we investigate the interplay between model-independent constraints on the Wilson coefficients and DM direct detection, relic density, and collider searches in the context of fermion portal DM model with two mediators. We found that both the projected future constraint on the LFC Wilson coefficient $ C_{ledq}^{2211}/\Lambda^2 \lt $ $ (12.3\; \text{TeV})^{-2} $ from the measurements of neutrino non-standard interaction in the next-generation neutrino oscillation experiments, and the LFV constraint $ C_{ledq}^{1211}/\Lambda^2 \lt \left(2.2\times 10^3\; \text{TeV} \right)^{-2} $ from ongoing charged-lepton-flavor-violation searches, provide a complementary exploration of the parameter space encompassing the DM and scalar masses. With a colored mediator mass of approximately $ 2\; \text{TeV} $ , the sensitivity of the indirect constraints on the four-fermion operator can surpass those of collider searches and DM direct detection, in scenarios where the masses of the DM and scalar are close. By ensuring the correct DM relic density, however, we find that the collider searches and DM direct detection are more sensitive to the electroweak-scale DM and scalar than indirect constraints.

Yuxuan He

Gang Li

Jia Liu

Xiao-Ping Wang

Xiang Zhao

Lepton flavor of four-fermion operator and fermion portal dark matter * Gang Li and Xiang Zhao are supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (12347105, 12505127), the Guangdong Basic and Applied Basic Research Foundation (2024A1515012668). The work of Jia Liu is supported by the National Science Foundation of China (12235001, 12475103) and State Key Laboratory of Nuclear Physics and Technology (NPT2025ZX11). The work of Xiao-Ping Wang is supported by National Science Foundation of China (12375095) and the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities

This study investigates the Higgs rare decays <italic>h</italic> 0&#8239;&#8594;&#8239; <italic>Z&#947;, VZ</italic> within the next to minimum B-L supersymmetric model(NB-LSSM), where <italic>V</italic> denotes a vector meson ( <italic>&#981;, J</italic>/ <italic>&#968;</italic>, &#933;(1 <italic>S</italic>), <italic>&#961;</italic> 0, <italic>&#969;</italic>). Compared with the minimal supersymmetric Standard Model(MSSM), the NB-LSSM introduces three singlet Higgs superfields, which mix with the Higgs doublets, thereby modifying the lightest Higgs boson mass and its couplings. The loop-induced contributions resulting from the effective <italic>h</italic> 0 <italic>Z&#947;</italic> coupling can generate new physics(NP) contributions, significantly affecting the theoretical predictions for these rare decays through the new parameters such as <italic>&#954;, &#955;</italic>, <math altimg='si23.svg'><mrow><msub><mi>&#955;</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo>,</mo><mo>&#8230;</mo></mrow></math>. The results of this work provide a useful reference for probing NP beyond the Standard Model(SM).

Cai Guo

Wen Lu

Tai-Fu Feng

The rare decays <italic>h</italic> 0&#8239;&#8594;&#8239; <italic>Z&#947;, VZ</italic> in the NB-LSSM

This study investigates the lightest and second-lightest Higgs bosons at around 95 GeV (which is only a hypothetical scenario) and 125 GeV respectively within the CP-violating next to minimum B-L supersymmetric model (NB-LSSM). In the NB-LSSM, the CP violation in the Higgs potential leads to the mixing mass terms between the CP-even and CP-odd Higgs fields. Thus, one has to consider a $$(10 \times 10)$$ -dimensional mass matrix for the neutral Higgs boson. These potential mixing effects may lead to drastic variations on the neutral Higgs boson masses. Besides, the neutral Higgs bosons predicted in the NB-LSSM may strongly mix with one another, thereby significantly modifying the couplings of the Higgs bosons to the fermions or gauge bosons. It is found that the specific parameters $$g_{YB}$$ , $$\tan \beta $$ , $$T_\kappa $$ , $$T_\lambda , \cdots $$ and CP-violating phases $$\theta _{1,2,3,4,6,7,8}$$ in the NB-LSSM affect the theoretical predictions on the Higgs boson mass and corresponding signal strengths significantly. And the theoretical predictions on the signal strengths of SM-like Higgs decay channels and excess signals at around 95 GeV are fitted well to the observed experimental data.

Wen-Hui Zhang

The Higgs boson in the CP-violating NB-LSSM

In this study, we compute the next-to-leading-order QCD corrections to the Dirac electromagnetic form factors of the Σ hyperons within the hard-collinear factorization framework at leading power. The corresponding short-distance coefficient functions are extracted from the relevant seven-point partonic correlation functions. We find that the one-loop radiative corrections to the leading-twist hard-scattering contributions are numerically significant over a broad range of momentum transfer. Combining the perturbatively calculated hard kernels with nonperturbative Σ distribution amplitudes determined from lattice QCD, we present state-of-the-art theoretical predictions for the Σ hyperon electromagnetic form factors.

Bo-Xuan Shi

Hui-Xin Yu

Xue-Chen Zhao

Next-to-leading-order QCD predictions for the Σ Dirac form factors * This research is supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (12475097, 12535006) and the Natural Science Foundation of Tianjin (25JCZDJC01190). Xue-Chen Zhao is supported by the Postdoctoral Fellowship Program of CPSF (GZB20250794)

In this work, we investigate novel traversable wormhole solutions within the framework of Asymptotically Safe Gravity (ASG), in the presence of a surrounding matter distribution described by the Dekel–Zhao profile. By considering the ASG renormalization group flow in the infrared (IR) regime, we show that quantum gravitational corrections allow these structures to exist at astrophysical scales, where the Dekel–Zhao matter distribution and ASG effects together determine the geometric stability and observational signatures of the wormhole. Thus, the scale-dependent gravitational coupling $\textit{G}$($\textit{k}$), derived from ASG in the IR regime, is incorporated directly into the field equations, providing a consistent description of quantum gravitational corrections at astrophysical scales. The combined effects of the running coupling (parameterized by $$\xi $$ ) and the dark matter characteristics determine the geometric structure and physical viability of the wormhole. The solutions satisfy the flare-out and asymptotic flatness conditions within restricted parameter domains. The Null Energy Condition is necessarily violated at the throat, with the ASG corrections strengthening the exotic behavior required to sustain the wormhole geometry. This interpretation is reinforced by the modified Tolman–Oppenheimer–Volkoff analysis, which shows that the repulsive quantum contributions induced by ASG counterbalance gravitational collapse. Phenomenologically, the shadow radius of the wormhole increases nearly linearly with $$\xi $$ , lying within the Event Horizon Telescope bounds for Sgr A* when $$\xi /M \simeq 0.8$$ –0.9, suggesting that ASG-corrected traversable wormholes in a dark matter environment described by the Dekel–Zhao profile may exhibit shadow properties compatible with current observational bounds in the strong-field regime.

Brazil

Jonathan Rebouças

Celio Muniz

Francisco Lustosa

Edson Otoniel

Quantum-improved wormholes in the Dekel–Zhao dark matter halo

Electroweak (EW) amplitudes in the gauge-Goldstone five-component formalism have a distinctive property: gauge symmetry is imprinted in the amplitudes, manifested as the massive Ward identity (MWI) $ k^M{\cal{M}}_M=0 $ . In this study, we used the HELAS package to numerically study gauge symmetry in EW amplitudes. First, we directly tested gauge symmetry by examining the MWI of amplitudes. Second, we modified the couplings within a vertex and among vertices to check if and how the MWI changes. Third, we tested gauge symmetry by considering the couplings modified by operators from the standard model effective field theory (SMEFT). Similar to the standard model, there are relations between different couplings that are protected by gauge symmetry. We observed that, if we modify the couplings to deviate from the relations, the MWI is violated. In contrast, the MWI is restored when the relations between couplings reduce to those in the SMEFT.

Wang-Fa Li

Junmou Chen

Qian-Jiu Wang

Zhao-Huan Yu

Numerical study on the gauge symmetry of electroweak amplitudes * Junmou Chen is supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China (12205118), Wang-Fa Li, Qian-Jiu Wang, and Zhao-Huan Yu are supported by the Guangzhou Science and Technology Planning Project (2024A04J4026)

Within the framework of the next-to-minimal supersymmetric (SUSY) extension of the Standard Model (SM) with a local B-L gauge symmetry (N-B-LSSM), we study lepton flavor violating (LFV) $ \tau\rightarrow e M^+ M^- $ decays: $ \tau \rightarrow e \pi^+\pi^- $ , $ \tau \rightarrow e \pi^+K^- $ , and $ \tau \rightarrow e K^+K^- $ . Based on the latest experimental data, the influence of different sensitive parameters on the branching ratios is considered. It can be seen from the numerical analysis that the main sensitive parameters and LFV sources are non-diagonal elements corresponding to the initial and final leptons. This work can provide a basis for discovering the existence of new physics (NP).

Shuang Di

Study of ${\boldsymbol\tau\rightarrow {\boldsymbol e M^+ M^-}}$ decays in N-B-LSSM * Supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China (NNSFC) (12075074), Natural Science Foundation of Hebei Province (A2023201040, A2022201022, A2022201017, A2023201041), Natural Science Foundation of Hebei Education Department (QN2022173), Post-graduate's Innovation Fund Project of Hebei University (HBU2024SS042), the Project of the China Scholarship Council (CSC) (202408130113). X. Dong acknowledges support from Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia (FCT, Portugal) through the projects CFTP FCT Unit (UIDB/00777/2020, UIDP/00777/2020)

With the development of muon magnetic dipole moment (MDM) experiments, particularly the high-precision measurements at Fermilab National Accelerator Laboratory (FNAL), experimental data have become increasingly precise. Up to now, the deviation of muon MDM between the experimental data and the standard model prediction still exists, which may be caused by the new physics contribution. The two loop supersymmetric diagrams can produce important corrections to muon MDM. For many two loop diagrams, we analyze the order of the contribution to select the important two loop diagrams and neglect the tiny one, which is in favor of distinguishing the important two loop diagrams from all the two loop diagrams. In our analysis, we use the mass insertion approximation. There is no rotation matrix during the study and the resulting factors become more intuitive, so the mass insertion method is more suitable for this study of ours.

Ming-Yue Liu

Analyzing the magnitude of two loop corrections to the muon magnetic dipole moment in the mass insertion approximation