Information theory has proven to be a worthwhile tool for investigating the implications of the Higgs sector in the Next-to-Minimal Supersymmetric Standard Model (NMSSM) using Higgs information at the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) assessed through the entropy constructed by means of the branching ratios of decay channels of the Higgs boson. The present article focuses on the parameter space of supersymmetric extension with an extra term of singlet in light of various experimental constraints. Our findings show the most preferred values of <ns0:math xmlns:ns0="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" id="M1"><ns0:msub><ns0:mrow><ns0:mi>m</ns0:mi></ns0:mrow><ns0:mrow><ns0:mn>0</ns0:mn></ns0:mrow></ns0:msub></ns0:math>, <ns0:math xmlns:ns0="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" id="M2"><ns0:msub><ns0:mrow><ns0:mi>m</ns0:mi></ns0:mrow><ns0:mrow><ns0:mn>1</ns0:mn><ns0:mo>/</ns0:mo><ns0:mn>2</ns0:mn></ns0:mrow></ns0:msub></ns0:math>, <ns0:math xmlns:ns0="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" id="M3"><ns0:msub><ns0:mrow><ns0:mi>A</ns0:mi></ns0:mrow><ns0:mrow><ns0:mn>0</ns0:mn></ns0:mrow></ns0:msub></ns0:math>, <ns0:math xmlns:ns0="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" id="M4"><ns0:mi mathvariant="normal">tan</ns0:mi><ns0:mi>&#946;</ns0:mi></ns0:math>, <ns0:math xmlns:ns0="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" id="M5"><ns0:mi>&#955;</ns0:mi></ns0:math>, <ns0:math xmlns:ns0="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" id="M6"><ns0:msub><ns0:mrow><ns0:mi>&#956;</ns0:mi></ns0:mrow><ns0:mrow><ns0:mtext>eff</ns0:mtext></ns0:mrow></ns0:msub></ns0:math>, neutralino lightest supersymmetric particle (LSP) <ns0:math xmlns:ns0="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" id="M7"><ns0:msub><ns0:mrow><ns0:mi>m</ns0:mi></ns0:mrow><ns0:mrow><ns0:msubsup><ns0:mrow><ns0:mover accent="true"><ns0:mi>&#967;</ns0:mi><ns0:mo stretchy="true">~</ns0:mo></ns0:mover></ns0:mrow><ns0:mrow><ns0:mn>1</ns0:mn></ns0:mrow><ns0:mrow><ns0:mn>0</ns0:mn></ns0:mrow></ns0:msubsup></ns0:mrow></ns0:msub></ns0:math>, lighter chargino <ns0:math xmlns:ns0="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" id="M8"><ns0:msub><ns0:mrow><ns0:mi>m</ns0:mi></ns0:mrow><ns0:mrow><ns0:msubsup><ns0:mrow><ns0:mover accent="true"><ns0:mi>&#967;</ns0:mi><ns0:mo stretchy="true">~</ns0:mo></ns0:mover></ns0:mrow><ns0:mrow><ns0:mn>1</ns0:mn></ns0:mrow><ns0:mrow><ns0:mo>&#177;</ns0:mo></ns0:mrow></ns0:msubsup></ns0:mrow></ns0:msub></ns0:math>, singlino <ns0:math xmlns:ns0="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" id="M9"><ns0:msub><ns0:mrow><ns0:mi>m</ns0:mi></ns0:mrow><ns0:mrow><ns0:msubsup><ns0:mrow><ns0:mover accent="true"><ns0:mi>&#967;</ns0:mi><ns0:mo stretchy="true">~</ns0:mo></ns0:mover></ns0:mrow><ns0:mrow><ns0:mn>5</ns0:mn></ns0:mrow><ns0:mrow><ns0:mn>0</ns0:mn></ns0:mrow></ns0:msubsup></ns0:mrow></ns0:msub></ns0:math>, and gluino <ns0:math xmlns:ns0="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" id="M10"><ns0:msub><ns0:mrow><ns0:mi>m</ns0:mi></ns0:mrow><ns0:mrow><ns0:mover accent="true"><ns0:mi>g</ns0:mi><ns0:mo stretchy="true">~</ns0:mo></ns0:mover></ns0:mrow></ns0:msub></ns0:math> to be around 1.93&#8201;TeV, 1.78&#8201;TeV, &#8722;3.62&#8201;TeV, 27.5, 0.012, 665.7&#8201;GeV, 740&#8201;GeV, 790&#8201;GeV, 11.24&#8201;TeV, and 3.70&#8201;TeV, respectively, that is compatible with the relic density of dark matter.

India

Surabhi Gupta

Sudhir Kumar Gupta

Higgs Information and NMSSM at the Large Hadron Collider

Information theory turns out to be an interesting tool for studying the consequences of Higgs observations to various new physics candidate theories by means of the information measure as the entropy of Higgs-Boson through its various detection modes at the Large Hadron Collider. The present article investigates the parameter space of a supersymmetric scenario where sfermions and one of the Higgs superfields are decoupled, while the gauginos, Higgsinos, and the remaining Higgs doublet are still allowed to be lighter. Our analysis reveals that this is quite a viable choice in the light of LHC discovery of a Higgs which resembles the SM Higgs-Boson and nothing else so far. While the supersymmetry breaking scale <math><msub><mrow><mi>M</mi></mrow><mrow><mi>S</mi></mrow></msub></math> could be as high as 10$^{11}$ GeV or so, the most preferred values of the <math><msub><mrow><mi>M</mi></mrow><mrow><mi>S</mi></mrow></msub></math> and <math><mi>tan</mi><mo>⁡</mo><mi>β</mi></math> are found to be around 3.6<math><mo>×</mo><msup><mrow><mn>10</mn></mrow><mrow><mn>7</mn></mrow></msup></math> GeV and 41 respectively, which is also consistent with the relic abundance of the neutralino dark matter. The corresponding value of neutralino (<math><msub><mrow><mi>m</mi></mrow><mrow><msubsup><mrow><mover><mrow><mi>χ</mi></mrow><mrow><mo>˜</mo></mrow></mover></mrow><mrow><mn>1</mn></mrow><mrow><mn>0</mn></mrow></msubsup></mrow></msub></math>) LSP is estimated to be around 1.01 TeV. The preferred values of other parameters, namely, the Higgsino mass (μ) and gaugino mass parameters (<math><msub><mrow><mi>M</mi></mrow><mrow><mn>1</mn></mrow></msub></math> and <math><msub><mrow><mi>M</mi></mrow><mrow><mn>2</mn></mrow></msub></math>) are found to be about 1.05 TeV, 1.74 TeV, and 2.57 TeV, respectively.

Higgs information in Split-SUSY at the LHC

Flavour-violating interactions of the stop-quarks are expected to provide an additional few GeV contributions to the Higgs-Boson mass, particularly when mix with scharm-quarks, thereby allowing reduced supersymmetry (SUSY) breaking scale compared to flavour-conserving constrained minimal supersymmetric Standard Model (CMSSM). Inspired by this, we analyse the interactions mentioned above in the context of CMSSM using the information entropy of the Higgs-Boson for a wider region of flavour-violating CMSSM parameter space <math><mo>(</mo><msub><mrow><mi>m</mi></mrow><mrow><mn>0</mn></mrow></msub><mo>,</mo><msub><mrow><mi>m</mi></mrow><mrow><mn>1</mn><mo>/</mo><mn>2</mn></mrow></msub><mo>,</mo><msub><mrow><mi>A</mi></mrow><mrow><mn>0</mn></mrow></msub></math>, <math><mi>tan</mi><mo>⁡</mo><mi>β</mi><mo>,</mo><mi>s</mi><mi>g</mi><mi>n</mi><mo>(</mo><mi>μ</mi><mo>)</mo><mo>,</mo><msubsup><mrow><mi>δ</mi></mrow><mrow><mi>c</mi><mi>t</mi></mrow><mrow><mi>i</mi><mi>j</mi></mrow></msubsup><mo>)</mo></math>, where <math><msubsup><mrow><mi>δ</mi></mrow><mrow><mi>c</mi><mi>t</mi></mrow><mrow><mi>i</mi><mi>j</mi></mrow></msubsup></math> represents the flavour-violating coupling of the top-quark with the charm-quark and <math><mi>i</mi><mo>,</mo><mi>j</mi></math> defining left and right chiralities of squarks. Our information-theoretic analysis of the model mentioned above reveals the most favourable values of <math><mo>(</mo><msub><mrow><mi>m</mi></mrow><mrow><mn>0</mn></mrow></msub><mo>,</mo><msub><mrow><mi>m</mi></mrow><mrow><mn>1</mn><mo>/</mo><mn>2</mn></mrow></msub><mo>,</mo><msub><mrow><mi>A</mi></mrow><mrow><mn>0</mn></mrow></msub><mo>,</mo><mi>tan</mi><mo>⁡</mo><mi>β</mi><mo>,</mo><msubsup><mrow><mi>δ</mi></mrow><mrow><mi>c</mi><mi>t</mi></mrow><mrow><mi>i</mi><mi>j</mi></mrow></msubsup><mo>)</mo></math> as <math><mo>(</mo><mn>4.30</mn><mrow><mspace width="0.25em"></mspace><mi>TeV</mi></mrow><mo>,</mo><mn>2.32</mn><mrow><mspace width="0.25em"></mspace><mi>TeV</mi></mrow><mo>,</mo><mo>−</mo><mn>4.96</mn><mrow><mspace width="0.25em"></mspace><mi>TeV</mi></mrow></math>, <math><mn>22.8</mn><mo>,</mo><mn>0.037</mn><mo>)</mo></math> and <math><mo>(</mo><mn>4.16</mn><mrow><mspace width="0.25em"></mspace><mi>TeV</mi></mrow></math>, <math><mn>3.89</mn><mspace width="0.25em"></mspace><mrow><mi>TeV</mi></mrow><mo>,</mo><mo>−</mo><mn>4.10</mn><mspace width="0.25em"></mspace><mrow><mi>TeV</mi></mrow><mo>,</mo><mn>19.4</mn><mo>,</mo><mn>0.039</mn><mo>)</mo></math> for <math><mo>(</mo><mi>i</mi><mo>,</mo><mi>j</mi><mo>)</mo><mo>=</mo><mo>(</mo><mi>L</mi><mo>,</mo><mi>R</mi><mo>)</mo></math> and <math><mo>(</mo><mi>R</mi><mo>,</mo><mi>L</mi><mo>)</mo></math>, respectively, corresponding to the maximum entropy which suggest the SUSY breaking scale to be about 5 TeV, thereby allowing considerable low values of sparticles masses than the flavour-conserving CMSSM.

Investigating non-minimal flavour-violating CMSSM in the light of Higgs-Boson mass using information theory

We perform an exclusive study of the anomalous Wtb interaction in the context of LHC. The limits on Wtb anomalous couplings have been estimated via the measurements of the top-quark decay width and cross-section as well as production asymmetries in case the CP is violated. Our investigations reveal that the upper bounds on <math><mo>(</mo><mo>|</mo><msub><mrow><mi>C</mi></mrow><mrow><mi>L</mi></mrow></msub><mo>|</mo><mo>,</mo><mo>|</mo><msub><mrow><mi>C</mi></mrow><mrow><mi>R</mi></mrow></msub><mo>|</mo><mo>)</mo></math> would be of about (1.82, 0.03) <math><mo>×</mo><msup><mrow><mn>10</mn></mrow><mrow><mo>−</mo><mn>4</mn></mrow></msup></math> at 2.5σ C.L., for the already collected data at the LHC with <math><msqrt><mrow><mi>S</mi></mrow></msqrt><mo>=</mo><mn>13</mn></math> TeV for an integrated luminosity of 139 fb$^{−1}$. The corresponding limits for future hadron colliders, namely, High Luminosity LHC (HL-LHC), High Energy LHC (HE-LHC) and Future Circular Collider (FCC-hh) for the projected luminosities of 3 ab$^{−1}$, 12 ab$^{−1}$ and 30 ab$^{−1}$ are found to be to <math><mo>(</mo><mn>0.81</mn><mo>,</mo><mn>0.006</mn><mo>)</mo><mo>×</mo><msup><mrow><mn>10</mn></mrow><mrow><mo>−</mo><mn>4</mn></mrow></msup></math>, <math><mo>(</mo><mn>0.44</mn><mo>,</mo><mn>0.0017</mn><mo>)</mo><mo>×</mo><msup><mrow><mn>10</mn></mrow><mrow><mo>−</mo><mn>4</mn></mrow></msup></math> and <math><mo>(</mo><mn>0.21</mn><mo>,</mo><mn>0.0004</mn><mo>)</mo><mo>×</mo><msup><mrow><mn>10</mn></mrow><mrow><mo>−</mo><mn>4</mn></mrow></msup></math> respectively at 2.5σ C.L.

Apurba Tiwari

The anomalous vertex and top-pair production at the LHC

We discuss information theory as a tool to investigate constrained minimal supersymmetric Standard Model (CMSSM) in the light of observation of Higgs boson at the Large Hadron Collider. The entropy of the Higgs boson using its various detection modes has been constructed as a measure of the information and has been utilized to explore a wide range of CMSSM parameter space after including various experimental constraints from the LEP data, B-physics, electroweak precision observables and relic density of dark matter. According to our study while the lightest neutralino is preferred to have a mass around 1.92 TeV, the gluino mass is estimated to be around 7.44 TeV. The values of CMSSM parameters <math><msub><mrow><mi>m</mi></mrow><mrow><mn>0</mn></mrow></msub></math>, <math><msub><mrow><mi>m</mi></mrow><mrow><mn>1</mn><mo>/</mo><mn>2</mn></mrow></msub></math>, <math><msub><mrow><mi>A</mi></mrow><mrow><mn>0</mn></mrow></msub></math> and <math><mi>tan</mi><mo>⁡</mo><mi>β</mi></math> correspond to the most preferred scenario are found to be about 6 TeV, 3.6 TeV, −6.9 TeV and 36.8 respectively.

An information theoretic exploration of constrained MSSM

We study the effects of T-odd interactions of top-quark via the pair production of the top-quark in the semileptonic detection modes at the Large Hadron Collider by means of the T-odd observables constructed through the momenta of the observed decay products of the top (and anti-top)-quark for a wide range of CP-violating scale <math id="M1"><mi>Λ</mi></math>. Estimates on sensitivities of the coupling strength of such interactions for 13 TeV LHC energy with <math id="M2"><mo>∫</mo><mi>L</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>t</mi><mo>=</mo><mn>36.1</mn><mtext> </mtext><mtext>f</mtext><msup><mrow><mtext>b</mtext></mrow><mrow><mo>−</mo><mn>1</mn></mrow></msup></math>, <math id="M3"><mn>140</mn><mtext> </mtext><mtext>f</mtext><msup><mrow><mtext>b</mtext></mrow><mrow><mo>−</mo><mn>1</mn></mrow></msup></math> and for HL-LHC with 14 TeV energy with integrated luminosities of <math id="M4"><mn>0.3</mn><mtext> </mtext><mtext>a</mtext><msup><mrow><mtext>b</mtext></mrow><mrow><mo>−</mo><mn>1</mn></mrow></msup></math>, <math id="M5"><mn>1</mn><mtext> </mtext><mtext>a</mtext><msup><mrow><mtext>b</mtext></mrow><mrow><mo>−</mo><mn>1</mn></mrow></msup></math>, <math id="M6"><mn>2</mn><mtext> </mtext><mtext>a</mtext><msup><mrow><mtext>b</mtext></mrow><mrow><mo>−</mo><mn>1</mn></mrow></msup></math>, and <math id="M7"><mn>3</mn><mtext> </mtext><mtext>a</mtext><msup><mrow><mtext>b</mtext></mrow><mrow><mo>−</mo><mn>1</mn></mrow></msup></math> are also presented for <math id="M8"><mi>Λ</mi></math> ranging between <math id="M9"><msub><mrow><mi>M</mi></mrow><mrow><mi>W</mi></mrow></msub></math> and 2 TeV.

T-Odd Anomalous Interactions of the Top-Quark at the Large Hadron Collider

We point out a potential relevance between the Krein–Gupta–Bleuler (KGB) vacuum leading to a fully covariant quantum field theory for gravity in de Sitter (dS) spacetime and the observable smallness of the cosmological constant. This may provide a formulation of linear quantum gravity in a framework amenable to developing a more complete theory determining the value of the cosmological constant.

China

Hamed Pejhan

Japan

Kazuharu Bamba

Iran

Mohammad Enayati

Surena Rahbardehghan

A small non-vanishing cosmological constant from the Krein–Gupta–Bleuler vacuum

In this paper, vacuum expectation value (VEV) of the energy–momentum tensor for a conformally coupled scalar field in de Sitter space–time is investigated through the Krein–Gupta–Bleuler construction. This construction has already been successfully applied to the de Sitter minimally coupled massless scalar field and massless spin-2 field to obtain a causal and fully covariant quantum field on de Sitter background. We also consider the effects of boundary conditions. In this respect, Casimir energy–momentum tensor induced by Dirichlet boundary condition on a curved brane is evaluated.