The ratio between the <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mrow><msubsup><mi>B</mi><mi>c</mi><mo>+</mo></msubsup><mo stretchy="false">→</mo><mrow><mi>J</mi><mo>/</mo><mi>ψ</mi></mrow></mrow><msup><mi>τ</mi><mo>+</mo></msup><msub><mi>ν</mi><mi>τ</mi></msub></math> and <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mrow><msubsup><mi>B</mi><mi>c</mi><mo>+</mo></msubsup><mo stretchy="false">→</mo><mrow><mi>J</mi><mo>/</mo><mi>ψ</mi></mrow></mrow><msup><mi>μ</mi><mo>+</mo></msup><msub><mi>ν</mi><mi>μ</mi></msub></math> branching fractions is measured using a data sample of proton-proton collisions collected by CMS at a center-of-mass energy of <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mrow><mn>13</mn><mtext> </mtext><mtext> </mtext><mi>TeV</mi></mrow></math> in the years 2016–2018 and corresponding to an integrated luminosity of <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mn>138</mn><mtext> </mtext><mtext> </mtext><msup><mi>fb</mi><mrow><mo>−</mo><mn>1</mn></mrow></msup></math>. The <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mi>J</mi><mo>/</mo><mi>ψ</mi></math> meson is identified through its <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mrow><mi>J</mi><mo>/</mo><mi>ψ</mi></mrow><mo stretchy="false">→</mo><mrow><msup><mi>μ</mi><mo>+</mo></msup><msup><mi>μ</mi><mo>−</mo></msup></mrow></math> decay and the tau lepton is reconstructed in the hadronic three-prong final state. The measured ratio of branching fractions in this tau decay mode, <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><msubsup><mi mathvariant="script">R</mi><mrow><mi>J</mi><mo>/</mo><mi>ψ</mi></mrow><mi>had</mi></msubsup><mo>=</mo><mn>1.0</mn><msubsup><mn>4</mn><mrow><mo>−</mo><mn>0.44</mn></mrow><mrow><mo>+</mo><mn>0.50</mn></mrow></msubsup></math>, is combined with the previous analysis based on the <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mrow><msup><mrow><mi>τ</mi></mrow><mrow><mo>+</mo></mrow></msup><mo stretchy="false">→</mo><msup><mrow><mi>μ</mi></mrow><mrow><mo>+</mo></mrow></msup><msub><mrow><mi>ν</mi></mrow><mrow><mi>μ</mi></mrow></msub><msub><mrow><mover accent="true"><mrow><mi>ν</mi></mrow><mrow><mo stretchy="false">¯</mo></mrow></mover></mrow><mrow><mi>τ</mi></mrow></msub></mrow></math> leptonic decay channel, leading to <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><msub><mi mathvariant="script">R</mi><mrow><mi>J</mi><mo>/</mo><mi>ψ</mi></mrow></msub><mo>=</mo><mrow><mn>0.49</mn><mo>±</mo><mn>0.26</mn></mrow></math>. As this result is consistent with the standard model prediction of <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mn>0.258</mn><mo>±</mo><mn>0.004</mn></math>, no evidence of lepton flavor universality violation is found.

Armenia

V. Chekhovsky

A. Hayrapetyan

V. Makarenko

A. Tumasyan

Austria

W. Adam

J.W. Andrejkovic

L. Benato

T. Bergauer

K. Damanakis

M. Dragicevic

C. Giordano

P.S. Hussain

M. Jeitler

N. Krammer

A. Li

D. Liko

I. Mikulec

J. Schieck

R. Schöfbeck

D. Schwarz

M. Shooshtari

M. Sonawane

W. Waltenberger

C.E. Wulz

Belgium

T. Janssen

H. Kwon

T. Van Laer

P. Van Mechelen

J. Bierkens

N. Breugelmans

J. D’Hondt

S. Dansana

A. De Moor

M. Delcourt

F. Heyen

Y. Hong

S. Lowette

I. Makarenko

D. Müller

J. Song

S. Tavernier

M. Tytgat

G.P. Van Onsem

S. Van Putte

D. Vannerom

B. Bilin

B. Clerbaux

A.K. Das

I. De Bruyn

G. De Lentdecker

H. Evard

L. Favart

P. Gianneios

A. Khalilzadeh

F.A. Khan

A. Malara

M.A. Shahzad

L. Thomas

M. Vanden Bemden

C. Vander Velde

P. Vanlaer

F. Zhang

M. De Coen

D. Dobur

G. Gokbulut

J. Knolle

L. Lambrecht

D. Marckx

K. Skovpen

N. Van Den Bossche

J. van der Linden

J. Vandenbroeck

L. Wezenbeek

S. Bein

A. Benecke

A. Bethani

G. Bruno

A. Cappati

J. De Favereau De Jeneret

C. Delaere

A. Giammanco

A.O. Guzel

Sa. Jain

V. Lemaitre

J. Lidrych

P. Mastrapasqua

S. Turkcapar

Brazil

G.A. Alves

E. Coelho

G. Correia Silva

C. Hensel

T. Menezes De Oliveira

C. Mora Herrera

P. Rebello Teles

M. Soeiro

E.J. Tonelli Manganote

A. Vilela Pereira

W.L. Aldá Júnior

M. Barroso Ferreira Filho

H. Brandao Malbouisson

Measurement of the ratio of the <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><msubsup><mi>B</mi><mi>c</mi><mo>+</mo></msubsup><mo stretchy="false">→</mo><mi>J</mi><mo>/</mo><mi>ψ</mi><msup><mi>τ</mi><mo>+</mo></msup><msub><mi>ν</mi><mi>τ</mi></msub></math> and <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><msubsup><mi>B</mi><mi>c</mi><mo>+</mo></msubsup><mo stretchy="false">→</mo><mi>J</mi><mo>/</mo><mi>ψ</mi><msup><mi>μ</mi><mo>+</mo></msup><msub><mi>ν</mi><mi>μ</mi></msub></math> branching fractions using three-prong <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mi>τ</mi></math> lepton decays

Recent studies suggest that applying the Buscher rules to the dimensional reduction of ten-dimensional, one-loop effective actions generate “purely stringy” couplings in nine dimensions that cannot be lifted to a local, covariant form in ten dimensions. We investigate this phenomenon at order $$\alpha '^3$$ in type IIA string theory. By computing the circular reduction of the one-loop Chern–Simons term and pure-gravity couplings in type IIA theory and applying the T-duality transformation to the resulting couplings, we derive their counterparts in the type IIB effective action. We demonstrate that the resulting nine-dimensional type IIB couplings are invariant under S-duality without requiring contributions from the tree-level effective action or non-perturbative effects. As a consistency check, we show that the nine-dimensional type IIB couplings, when reduced on a K3 surface, reproduce the known heterotic string couplings on $$ T^5 $$ at order $$ \alpha ' $$ , via the duality between the two theories.

Iran

Mohammad Garousi

The emergence of inherently 9-dimensional one-loop effective action from T-duality

Using the pinch technique, we determine the one-loop vertices of weak interactions in the B-LSSM and incorporate their pinch contributions into the gauge boson self-energies. Compared to the definitions of the $\textit{S}$, $\textit{T}$, and $\textit{U}$ parameters in the Standard Model based on the $S U(2)_L \otimes U(1)_Y$ group, the corresponding parameters in the local B-L gauge symmetry (B-LSSM) are modified. We present these redefined $\textit{S}$, $\textit{T}$, and $\textit{U}$ parameters and demonstrate the convergence of the results. In the framework of the low-energy effective Lagrangian for weak interactions, the $\textit{S}$, $\textit{T}$, and $\textit{U}$ parameters can be expressed as functions of specific parameters in the B-LSSM. The updated experimental and fitting results strongly constrain the parameter space of the B-LSSM.

China

Sheng-Kai Cui

Ke-Sheng Sun

Yu-Li Yan

Jin-Lei Yang

Tai-Fu Feng

$\textit{S}$, $\textit{T}$, $\textit{U}$ parameters in the B-LSSM * Supported by the Natural Science Foundation of Guangxi Autonomous Region (2022GXNSFDA035068), the Natural Science Foundation of Hebei Province (A2022104001), and the Foundation of Baoding University (2023Z01)

We investigate the long-distance behavior of dyonic loop operators in 4d SU($\textit{N}$) gauge theories on ℝ × $\textit{S}$ using the 3d monopole semiclassics. If we employ the naive definition of the ’t Hooft loop in the Abelianized regime, the dyonic loop operators do not admit the well-defined computations within the effective field theory. Moreover, if one forcibly proceeds with the computations of their expectation values, all the dyonic loops turn out to show the area law, which contradicts the prediction of the Wilson-’t Hooft classification. In this paper, we resolve this puzzle by employing the notion of screening for line operators, and we argue that the dyonic loops are screened by a defect known as the twist vortex, which is non-dynamical in the infrared effective theory but is dynamical in the original ultraviolet theory. The dyonic loops properly dressed by twist vortices admit the well-defined computations within the effective field theory, and we reproduce the kinematic prediction of the Wilson-’t Hooft classification using the 3d monopole semiclassics. Furthermore, we apply our framework to the thermal deconfined phase to evaluate the dual string tension, elucidating the topological nature of ℤ domain walls. We confirm that the domain-wall state has the phase transition at $\textit{θ}$ = $\textit{π}$ in the thermal deconfined phase despite the fact that the bulk state is smooth there.

Japan

Yui Hayashi

Yuya Tanizaki

Wilson-’t Hooft classification and the perimeter law for dyonic loops in 3d monopole semiclassics

A search for dark matter particles produced in association with a Higgs boson decaying to a bottom quark-antiquark pair in proton-proton collisions at <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mrow><msqrt><mrow><mi>s</mi></mrow></msqrt><mo>=</mo><mn>13</mn><mtext> </mtext><mtext> </mtext><mi>TeV</mi></mrow></math> is presented. The data, collected with the CMS detector at the LHC, correspond to an integrated luminosity of <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mrow><mn>101</mn><mtext> </mtext><mtext> </mtext><msup><mrow><mi>fb</mi></mrow><mrow><mo>−</mo><mn>1</mn></mrow></msup></mrow></math>. The analysis is performed in exclusive categories targeting both Lorentz-boosted (merged) and resolved <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mi>b</mi></math> jet pair topologies, covering a wide range of Higgs boson transverse momentum. A statistical combination is made with a previous search using data collected in 2016 and corresponding to an integrated luminosity of <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mrow><mn>35.9</mn><mtext> </mtext><mtext> </mtext><msup><mrow><mi>fb</mi></mrow><mrow><mo>−</mo><mn>1</mn></mrow></msup></mrow></math>. The observed data agree with the standard model background predictions. Constraints are placed on models predicting new particles or interactions, such as those in the simplified frameworks of baryonic-<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mrow><msup><mrow><mi>Z</mi></mrow><mrow><mo>′</mo></mrow></msup></mrow></math> and <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mrow><mn>2</mn><mi>HDM</mi><mo>+</mo><mi>a</mi></mrow></math>, where the latter is a type-II two-Higgs-doublet model featuring a heavy pseudoscalar with an additional light pseudoscalar. Upper limits at 95% confidence level are set on the production cross section for these models. For the baryonic-<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mrow><msup><mrow><mi>Z</mi></mrow><mrow><mo>′</mo></mrow></msup></mrow></math> model, <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mrow><msup><mrow><mi>Z</mi></mrow><mrow><mo>′</mo></mrow></msup></mrow></math> boson masses below 2.25 TeV are excluded for a dark matter particle candidate mass of 1 GeV. In the <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mrow><mn>2</mn><mi>HDM</mi><mo>+</mo><mi>a</mi></mrow></math> model, heavy pseudoscalar masses between 850 and 1300 GeV are excluded for a light pseudoscalar mass of 350 GeV.

M. Matthewman

D. Ocampo Henao

P. Kashko

A. Sharma

A.M. Tomaru

H. Aarup Petersen

F. Gameiro Casalinho

P. Malek

D. Matos Figueiredo

Search for dark matter produced in association with a Higgs boson decaying to bottom quarks in proton-proton collisions at <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><msqrt><mi>s</mi></msqrt><mo>=</mo><mn>13</mn><mtext> </mtext><mtext> </mtext><mi>TeV</mi></math>

The Higgs boson (H) decay width is determined from the ratio of off- and on-shell production of <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mi>H</mi><mo stretchy="false">→</mo><mi>W</mi><mi>W</mi><mo stretchy="false">→</mo><mi>e</mi><mi>ν</mi><mi>μ</mi><mi>ν</mi></math> using proton–proton collision data corresponding to an integrated luminosity of <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mn>138</mn><mtext> </mtext><mtext> </mtext><msup><mi>fb</mi><mrow><mo>−</mo><mn>1</mn></mrow></msup></math> collected at <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><msqrt><mi>s</mi></msqrt><mo>=</mo><mn>13</mn><mtext> </mtext><mtext> </mtext><mi>TeV</mi></math> by the CMS experiment at the Large Hadron Collider. The off-shell signal strength is measured as <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><msub><mi>μ</mi><mrow><mi>off</mi><mtext>−</mtext><mi>shell</mi></mrow></msub><mo>=</mo><msubsup><mn>1.2</mn><mrow><mo>−</mo><mn>0.7</mn></mrow><mrow><mo>+</mo><mn>0.8</mn></mrow></msubsup></math>. The Higgs boson total decay width is <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><msub><mi mathvariant="normal">Γ</mi><mi>H</mi></msub><mo>=</mo><msubsup><mn>3.9</mn><mrow><mo>−</mo><mn>2.2</mn></mrow><mrow><mo>+</mo><mn>2.7</mn></mrow></msubsup><mtext> </mtext><mtext> </mtext><mi>MeV</mi></math>, in agreement with the standard model prediction. The uncertainty in this result represents a factor of 3 improvement over the previous CMS result in this decay channel.

K. Kaspar

D. Kavtaradze

Measurement of the Higgs boson total decay width using the <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mrow><mi>H</mi><mo stretchy="false">→</mo><mi>W</mi><mi>W</mi><mo stretchy="false">→</mo><mi>e</mi><mi>ν</mi><mi>μ</mi><mi>ν</mi></mrow></math> decay channel in proton-proton collisions at <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><msqrt><mi>s</mi></msqrt><mo>=</mo><mn>13</mn><mtext> </mtext><mtext> </mtext><mi>TeV</mi></math>

We discuss the marginal $$ \sqrt{T\overline{T}} $$ deformation of massless scalar field theories in two dimensions from a dynamical perspective. The operator flow equations for such deformations induce a particular Legendre Transformation between flowed Lagrangians and flowed Hamiltonians. The marginal deformation does not change the conformal symmetries of the theory, until some special points in the moduli space are reached, and the relativistic conformal algebra smoothly changes to the Carrollian conformal (equivalently BMS) one. We investigate this change of symmetry from both configuration space and phase space point of view, while keeping the notion of Legendre Transformation unchanged during the flow. By expanding the actions, in the extreme limits of the flow parameter, we recover the usual “Electric” Carroll theory and further uncover a novel “Magnetic” counterpart. We discuss the intriguing geometric understanding of such dynamical maps for the deformed theories, and also provide a concrete example for the same from a deformed string theory in flat space.

India

South Korea

Aritra Banerjee

Chile

Pulastya Parekh

Robin Raj

On $$ \sqrt{T\overline{T}} $$ deformed pathways: CFT to CCFT

In this work, we investigate the structural and physical properties of anisotropic compact stars by incorporating the Einasto dark matter density profile within the <italic>f</italic>( <italic>R, T</italic>) gravity framework. The primary objective is to understand how the interplay between modified gravitational dynamics and dark matter influences the behavior of compact stellar systems. We construct physically viable stellar configurations by solving the modified field equations under appropriate boundary and matching conditions. The resulting models are analyzed using key physical criteria such as regularity, energy conditions, and stability requirements, including the behavior of the anisotropy factor and the adiabatic index. Our analysis, applied to five well-known compact star models, demonstrates that the proposed framework yields consistent and realistic solutions, offering deeper insights into the role of extended gravity theories and dark matter in astrophysical modeling.

H. Aruna Kumara

Chaitra Chooda Chalavadi

V. Venkatesha

Influence of the Einasto density profile on anisotropic compact stars in <italic>f</italic>( <italic>R, T</italic>) gravity

In this study, we explore temperature-dependent <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mi>C</mi><mi>P</mi><mi>T</mi></math> violation during big bang nucleosynthesis (BBN) through electron-positron mass asymmetries parametrized by <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><msub><mi>b</mi><mn>0</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>T</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo>=</mo><mi>α</mi><msup><mi>T</mi><mn>2</mn></msup></math>. The <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><msup><mi>T</mi><mn>2</mn></msup></math> scaling naturally evades stringent laboratory bounds at zero temperature while allowing for significant <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mi>C</mi><mi>P</mi><mi>T</mi></math> violation at MeV scales in the early Universe [S. Navas et al. (Particle Data Group), <a href="http://dx.doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevD.110.030001">Phys. Rev. D 110, 030001 (2024)</a>]. Using a modified version of the BBN code PRyMordial with dynamically-solved chemical potentials and appropriate finite-mass corrections, we constrain electron-positron mass differences from observed abundances of helium-4, deuterium, and <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><msub><mi>N</mi><mi>eff</mi></msub></math>. We find that <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mi>α</mi></math> must be greater than or approximately equal to <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><msup><mn>10</mn><mrow><mo>−</mo><mn>6</mn></mrow></msup><mtext> </mtext><mtext> </mtext><mrow><msup><mrow><mi>GeV</mi></mrow><mrow><mo>−</mo><mn>1</mn></mrow></msup></mrow></math> for keV-scale mass differences at BBN. All three observables show no simultaneous <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mn>1</mn><mi>σ</mi></math> overlap, though pairwise combinations allow for constrained regions of parameter space. We present two toy models demonstrating how <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><msub><mi>b</mi><mn>0</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>T</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo>∝</mo><msup><mi>T</mi><mn>2</mn></msup></math> arises from field-theoretic mechanisms, including temperature-driven phase transitions. These results provide the most stringent constraints on early-Universe <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mi>C</mi><mi>P</mi><mi>T</mi></math> violation in this regime, probing parameter space inaccessible to laboratory experiments.

Spain

Gabriela Barenboim

Anne-Katherine Burns

Temperature-dependent <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mi>C</mi><mi>P</mi><mi>T</mi></math> violation: Constraints from big bang nucleosynthesis

The common eigenfunctions of the twisted Cherednik operators can be first analyzed in the limit of <math altimg='si3.svg'><mrow><mi>q</mi><mo>&#10230;</mo><mn>1</mn></mrow></math>. Then, the polynomial eigenfunctions form a simple set originating from the symmetric ground state of non-vanishing degree and excitations over it, described by non-symmetric polynomials of higher degrees and enumerated by weak compositions. This pattern is inherited by the full spectrum at <italic>q</italic>&#8239;&#8800;&#8239;1, which can be considered as a deformation. The whole story looks like a typical NP problem: the Cherednik equations are difficult to solve, but easy to check the solution once it is somehow found.