In this study, we investigate a scenario based on the effects of the Loop Quantum Gravity (LQG) on the electromagnetic sector of the Standard Model of Fundamental Interactions and Particle Physics (SM). Starting from a post-Maxwellian version of electromagnetism that includes LQG effects, we derive and discuss the influence of LQG parameters on classical quantities such as the components of the stress-tensor. Furthermore, we inspect the propagation of electromagnetic waves and examine the optical properties of the QED vacuum in this scenario. Among these, we contemplate the combined effect of the LQG parameters and a homogeneous background magnetic field on the propagation of electromagnetic waves by considering issues such as group velocities and refractive indices of the QED vacuum, in detail. Finally, with the aid of the previously analyzed LQG-extended photonic dispersion relations, we re-discuss the kinematics of the Compton effect and conclude that an interesting nonlinear profile emerges in the wavelengths of the incoming and deflected photons.

Brazil

P.A.L. Mourão

G.L.L.W. Levy

J.A. Helayël-Neto

Reassessing aspects of LQG-modified dispersion relations of photons * P. A. L. Mourão is support by CAPES. G. L. L. W. L. Levy is support by the Fundação Carlos Chagas Filho de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado do Rio de Janeiro (FAPERJ), Grant No. E-26/202.437/2024.

The single Higgs production in neutral-current (NC) and charged-current (CC) processes at an electron–proton ($\textit{ep}$) collider is a useful channel to probe new physics effects in the Higgs coupling to vector boson ($\textit{HVV}$). In this context, observables sensitive to non-standard couplings previously studied at leading order require improved theoretical precision through the inclusion of radiative corrections. In this work, we present a fully differential Higgs plus one jet production at next-to-leading-order (NLO) accuracy in QCD for both the NC and CC processes. For the proposed Large Hadron electron Collider (LHeC) configuration, with a 60 GeV electron beam and a 7 TeV proton beam, the total cross sections receive modest corrections with significantly reduced scale uncertainties. We find that in several kinematic distributions which are relevant to the analysis of $\textit{HVV}$ couplings, the NLO K-factors are not flat. Within the Standard Model, the polar angle of the electron (for NC) and the azimuthal angular correlation (for both NC and CC processes) receive maximum corrections in the range of 8-10% in certain bins. We also compute NLO QCD corrections in the presence of non-standard $\textit{HVV}$ interactions. The corrections in the azimuthal angular correlations are similar to the standard model predictions. For the polar angle of the electron, the corrections are sensitive to the nature of the $\textit{HVV}$ coupling.

India

Biswajit Das

Pramod Sharma

Ambresh Shivaji

NLO QCD effects on angular observables in $$e^-p \rightarrow e^-(\nu _e)Hj$$ in presence of non-standard $\textit{HVV}$ couplings

We study the tree-level scattering of massless scalars followed by an emission of a soft graviton in the small compact region inside the static patch in de Sitter space. We derive in the small cosmological constant limit the perturbative corrections to the Weinberg soft graviton theorem. Exploiting the remarkable relationship between asymptotic symmetries and soft theorems in flat space, we derive perturbative corrections to the supertranslation Ward identity. We further show that the derived supertranslation Ward identity reduces to the perturbative soft graviton theorem for the same choice of the supertranslation parameter as in flat space.

China

Pratik Chattopadhyay

Divyesh N. Solanki

de Sitter corrections to supertranslation Ward identity and soft graviton theorem

We present a comprehensive study of Higgs boson production associated with a neutrino pair at <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mrow><msup><mrow><mi>e</mi></mrow><mrow><mo>+</mo></mrow></msup><msup><mrow><mi>e</mi></mrow><mrow><mo>−</mo></mrow></msup></mrow></math> colliders (<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mrow><msup><mrow><mi>e</mi></mrow><mrow><mo>+</mo></mrow></msup><msup><mrow><mi>e</mi></mrow><mrow><mo>−</mo></mrow></msup><mo stretchy="false">→</mo><mi>h</mi><mi>ν</mi><mover accent="true"><mrow><mi>ν</mi></mrow><mrow><mo stretchy="false">¯</mo></mrow></mover></mrow></math>) at next-to-leading-order accuracy in both the standard model and the two-Higgs-doublet model. We show that these new physics effects will be observable in total and differential cross sections when compared with theoretical predictions that include electroweak corrections, even in the Higgs alignment limit. This highlights the potential of precision studies at future <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><msup><mi>e</mi><mo>+</mo></msup><msup><mi>e</mi><mo>−</mo></msup></math> colliders for searching new physics.

Germany

Pia Bredt

Japan

Tatsuya Banno

Marius Höfer

Syuhei Iguro

Wolfgang Kilian

Belgium

Yang Ma

Jürgen Reuter

CERN

Hantian Zhang

Chasing the Two-Higgs-Doublet Model via Electroweak Corrections at <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mrow><msup><mrow><mi>e</mi></mrow><mrow><mo>+</mo></mrow></msup><msup><mrow><mi>e</mi></mrow><mrow><mo>−</mo></mrow></msup></mrow></math> Colliders

We investigate the potential of single-spin components of the spin-density matrix in the <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><msup><mi>e</mi><mo>+</mo></msup><msup><mi>e</mi><mo>−</mo></msup><mo stretchy="false">→</mo><mi>t</mi><mover accent="true"><mi>t</mi><mo stretchy="false">¯</mo></mover></math> process at a future FCC-ee for probing heavy new physics parametrized using the Standard Model effective field theory (SMEFT) framework. We consider the full spectrum of spin observables and the complete angular decomposition of the <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mi>t</mi><mover accent="true"><mi>t</mi><mo stretchy="false">¯</mo></mover></math> production process in our study. We find that single-spin measurements generically provide stronger probes of SMEFT Wilson coefficients than measurements where the <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mi>t</mi><mover accent="true"><mi>t</mi><mo stretchy="false">¯</mo></mover></math> spins are correlated, and that single-spin observables are important for resolving flat directions that can appear in the Wilson-coefficient parameter space.

United States

Haotian Cao

Frank Petriello

Single-spin measurements and heavy new physics in the <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><msup><mi>e</mi><mo>+</mo></msup><msup><mi>e</mi><mo>−</mo></msup><mo stretchy="false">→</mo><mi>t</mi><mover accent="true"><mi>t</mi><mo stretchy="false">¯</mo></mover></math> process at an FCC-ee

A fermion can be chiral or vectorlike with respect to a given symmetry, depending on its coupling to the corresponding gauge boson. Vectorlike fermions have a distinct property that their left- and right-handed components behave in the same way under the gauge symmetry. In this paper, we investigate an extension of the standard model with an <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mi>S</mi><mi>U</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mn>2</mn><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></math> doublet of vectorlike leptons and two complex scalars. The new physics effects on the lepton anomalous magnetic moment, as well as the electron and muon pair production processes at <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><msup><mi>e</mi><mo>+</mo></msup><msup><mi>e</mi><mo>−</mo></msup></math> colliders are analyzed. Taking into account the updated measurement results of the electron and muon <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mi>g</mi><mo>−</mo><mn>2</mn></math>, as well as the Large Electron-Positron Collider and the LHC data, the viable parameter space of the model is identified. We also examine the prospect of testing the model using <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><msup><mi>μ</mi><mo>+</mo></msup><msup><mi>μ</mi><mo>−</mo></msup></math> signals from electron-position annihilation at the Future Circular Collider (FCC-ee). The analysis shows that the FCC-ee will be able to exclude a significant part of the parameter space, pinpointing exiguous viable regions to be tested in the future due to its high precision.

Vietnam

Sang Quang Dinh

Hieu Minh Tran

Vectorlike lepton imprints at lepton <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mi>g</mi><mo>−</mo><mn>2</mn></math> measurements and <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mrow><msup><mrow><mi>e</mi></mrow><mrow><mo>+</mo></mrow></msup><msup><mrow><mi>e</mi></mrow><mrow><mo>−</mo></mrow></msup></mrow></math> colliders

The upcoming electron-positron collider provides an ideal place to probe deviation from the Standard Model predictions with its clean environment, beam polarization, and significant luminosity. We studied anomalous quartic gauge boson couplings (<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mi>V</mi><mi>V</mi><msup><mi>W</mi><mo>−</mo></msup><msup><mi>W</mi><mo>+</mo></msup><mo>,</mo><mi>V</mi><mo>∈</mo><mo stretchy="false">{</mo><mi>γ</mi><mo>,</mo><mi>Z</mi><mo stretchy="false">}</mo></math>), triple gauge couplings (<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><msup><mi>W</mi><mo>−</mo></msup><msup><mi>W</mi><mo>+</mo></msup><mi>γ</mi><mo>/</mo><mi>Z</mi></math>), and Higgs-gauge couplings <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mrow><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>H</mi><mi>V</mi><mi>V</mi><mo>,</mo><mi>V</mi><mo>∈</mo><mo stretchy="false">{</mo><msup><mrow><mi>W</mi></mrow><mrow><mo>±</mo></mrow></msup><mo>,</mo><mi>Z</mi><mo>,</mo><mi>γ</mi><mo stretchy="false">}</mo><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></mrow></math> induced by <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mi>S</mi><mi>U</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mn>2</mn><msub><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mi>L</mi></msub><mo>×</mo><mi>U</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mn>1</mn><msub><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mi>Y</mi></msub></math> gauge-invariant dimension-6 operators in <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mrow><mn>2</mn><mi>j</mi><msup><mrow><mi>e</mi></mrow><mrow><mo>−</mo></mrow></msup><msup><mrow><mi>e</mi></mrow><mrow><mo>+</mo></mrow></msup><mi>μ</mi><menclose notation="updiagonalstrike" other="updiag1"><mrow><mi>E</mi></mrow></menclose></mrow></math> final events with initial beam polarization. The phase space of two prominent amplitudes—i.e., triple gauge boson production (<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mi>W</mi><mi>W</mi><mi>Z</mi></math>) and vector boson scattering subprocesses—are selected with kinematic cuts on <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><msub><mi>m</mi><mrow><msup><mi>e</mi><mo>−</mo></msup><msup><mi>e</mi><mo>+</mo></msup></mrow></msub></math>. The full quantum states of the diboson system in vector boson scattering (VBS) and the triboson system in <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mi>W</mi><mi>W</mi><mi>Z</mi></math> are given by 80 and 728 independent parameters (polarizations and spin correlations), respectively, which are obtained in the form of angular asymmetries. Further, the reconstruction of vector polarization asymmetries associated with the <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mi>W</mi></math> boson and their correlations requires flavor tagging of light jets and is thus neglected. We provide one-parameter limits at a 95% confidence level, combining cross section and spin-related observables. The projected one-parameter constraints on Wilson coefficients (WCs) are found to be more stringent than the current limits reported by the LHC experiments. A channel study highlights that <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mi>W</mi><mi>W</mi><mi>Z</mi></math> puts stringent bounds on two <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mrow><mi>C</mi><mi>P</mi></mrow></math>-even WCs, viz. <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><msub><mi>c</mi><mi>W</mi></msub></math> and <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><msub><mi>c</mi><mrow><mi>W</mi><mi>W</mi><mi>W</mi></mrow></msub></math>, while VBS topology puts stringent bounds on the remaining seven WCs. Finally, marginalized limits on all nine anomalous couplings are obtained with Markov chain Monte Carlo analysis. The limits are found to be insensitive to systematic errors and dominated by statistics.

Amir Subba

Ritesh K. Singh

Bounds on SMEFT affecting multigauge and Higgs-gauge couplings using two and three body spin correlations in <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><msup><mi>e</mi><mo>−</mo></msup><msup><mi>e</mi><mo>+</mo></msup><mo stretchy="false">→</mo><mn>2</mn><mi>j</mi><msup><mi>e</mi><mo>−</mo></msup><msup><mi>e</mi><mo>+</mo></msup><mi>μ</mi><menclose notation="updiagonalstrike" other="updiag1"><mrow><mi>E</mi></mrow></menclose></math> process

Using $\textit{e}$ $\textit{e}$ collision data corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 22.7 fb , collected at center-of-mass energies between 3.7 and 4.7 GeV with the BESIII detector at the BEPCII storage ring, we measure the energy-dependent Born cross sections of $$ {e}^{+}{e}^{-}\to {\varOmega}^{-}{\overline{\varOmega}}^{+} $$ and the effective form factors of the Ω baryon. The analysis employs a single baryon tagging method, and the results are consistent with theoretical predictions, providing critical constraints on the electromagnetic structure of the Ω hyperon. No significant signal of charmonium or charmonium-like states decaying to $$ {\varOmega}^{-}{\overline{\varOmega}}^{+} $$ is observed in the investigated energy range.

M. Ablikim

Russia

M. Achasov

Sweden

P. Adlarson

O. Afedulidis

X. Ai

R. Aliberti

Italy

A. Amoroso

Q. An

Y. Bai

O. Bakina

I. Balossino

Y. Ban

H.R. Bao

Poland

V. Batozskaya

Mongolia

K. Begzsuren

N. Berger

M. Berlowski

M. Bertani

D. Bettoni

F. Bianchi

E. Bianco

A. Bortone

I. Boyko

R. Briere

A. Brueggemann

H. Cai

X. Cai

A. Calcaterra

G. Cao

N. Cao

Türkiye

S. Cetin

J. Chang

W. Chang

G. Che

G. Chelkov

C. Chen

Chao Chen

G. Chen

H. Chen

M. Chen

S. Chen

T. Chen

X. Chen

Y. Chen

Z. Chen

South Korea

S. Choi

X. Chu

G. Cibinetto

F. Cossio

J. Cui

H. Dai

J. Dai

A. Dbeyssi

R. Boer

D. Dedovich

C. Deng

Z. Deng

A. Denig

I. Denysenko

M. Destefanis

F. Mori

B. Ding

X. Ding

Y. Ding

J. Dong

L. Dong

M. Dong

X. Dong

M. Du

S. Du

Z. Duan

P. Egorov

Y. Fan

J. Fang

S. Fang

W. Fang

Y. Fang

R. Farinelli

L. Fava

F. Feldbauer

G. Felici

C. Feng

J. Feng

Y. Feng

United Kingdom

K. Fischer

M. Fritsch

C. Fu

J. Fu

Y. Fu

H. Gao

Y. Gao

Measurement of Born cross sections and effective form factors of $$ {e}^{+}{e}^{-}\to {\varOmega}^{-}{\overline{\varOmega}}^{+} $$ from $$ \sqrt{s}=3.7 $$ to 4$\textit{.}$7 GeV

The states of a single photon in four-dimensional de Sitter (dS) spacetime form a Unitary Irreducible Representation (UIR) of SO(1,4), which we call the photon UIR. While in flat spacetime photons are intimately tied to gauge symmetry, we demonstrate that in de Sitter, photon states emerge generically in any quantum field theory, even without an underlying U(1) gauge field. We derive a Källén-Lehmann representation for antisymmetric tensor two-point functions and show that numerous composite operators constructed from massive free fields can create states in the photon UIR. Remarkably, we find that some of these operators exhibit two-point functions with slower late-time and large-distance decay than the electromagnetic field strength itself, challenging the conventional notion that photons dominate the infrared regime. Using our spectral representation, we establish non-perturbative bounds on the late-time behavior of electric and magnetic fields in de Sitter, with potential implications for primordial magnetogenesis. Through one-loop calculations, we demonstrate that both the creation of photon states and the enhanced late-time large-distance behavior persist in weakly interacting theories.

Switzerland

Manuel Loparco

João Penedones

Yannis Ulrich

What is a photon in de Sitter spacetime?

The perturbative corrections to soft photon theorems with massive scalars in de Sitter spacetime were computed in (Bhatkar and Jain in J High Energy Phys 2023:55, 2023). However, the massless limit of the scalar modes is ill-defined in their work. It therefore is ambiguous to take the massless limit of the soft factors. In this paper, we derive the massless scalar modes in $\textit{d}$-dimensional de Sitter spacetime and use it to compute the perturbative corrections to the leading and sub-leading soft photon theorems. Our framework corresponds to tree level scattering of massless scalars followed by an emission of a soft photon in a compact region of the static patch of de Sitter. We show that our results are consistent with (Bhatkar and Jain in J High Energy Phys 2023:55, 2023) in the massless limit and we comment on the universality of our results.

Perturbative corrections to soft photon theorems for massless scalar QED in de Sitter spacetime