A low-mass right-handed neutrino could interact with electroweak bosons via mixing, a mediator particle, or loop corrections. Using an effective field theory, we determine constraints on these interactions from <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mi>W</mi></math>-boson measurements at hadron colliders. Due to the difference in the initial states at the Tevatron and the LHC, <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mi>W</mi></math>-boson decays to a right-handed neutrino would artificially increase the mass measured at the Tevatron while only affecting the difference between <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><msup><mi>W</mi><mo>+</mo></msup></math> and <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><msup><mi>W</mi><mo>−</mo></msup></math> mass measurements at the LHC. Measurements from CDF and the LHC are used to infer the corresponding parameter values, which are found to be inconsistent between the two. The LHC experiments can improve sensitivity to these interactions by measuring the cosine of the helicity angle using <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mi>W</mi></math> bosons produced with transverse momentum above <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mo>≈</mo><mn>50</mn><mtext> </mtext><mtext> </mtext><mi>GeV</mi></math>.

United Kingdom

Rodrigo Alonso

Michael Spannowsky

Sam Bates

Chris Hays

Chris Pollard

Sensitivity of <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mi>W</mi></math>-boson measurements to low-mass right-handed neutrinos

This paper presents the measurement of the isolated prompt photon inclusive production cross section in pp and p–Pb collisions by the ALICE Collaboration at the LHC. The measurement is performed in p–Pb collisions at centre-of-mass energies per nucleon pair of $$\sqrt{s_{\text {NN}}}={5.02}\,\textrm{TeV}$$ and 8.16 TeV, as well as in pp collisions at $$\sqrt{s}={5.02}\,\textrm{TeV}$$ and 8 TeV. The cross section is obtained at midrapidity $$(|y|<0.7)$$ using a charged-track based isolation momentum $$p_\textrm{T}^{\text {iso,~ch}}<{1.5}\,\textrm{GeV}/c$$ in a cone with radius $$R=0.4$$ . The data for both collision systems are well reproduced by perturbative QCD (pQCD) calculations at next-to-leading order (NLO) using recent parton distribution functions for free (PDF) and bound (nPDF) nucleons. Furthermore, the nuclear modification factor $$R_{\text {pA}}$$ for both collision energies is consistent with unity for $$p_{\textrm{T}}$$ $$>{20}\,\textrm{GeV}/c$$ . However, deviations from unity ( $$R_\textrm{pA}<1$$ ) of up to 20% are observed for $$p_{\textrm{T}}$$ $$<{20}\,\textrm{GeV}/c$$ with limited significance, indicating the possible presence of nuclear effects in the initial state of the collision. The suppression increases with decreasing $$p_{\textrm{T}}$$ with a significance of $$2.3\upsigma $$ for a non-zero slope and yields $$R_{\textrm{pA}}<1$$ with a significance of $$1.8\upsigma $$ at $$\sqrt{s_{\textrm{NN}}}={8.16}\,\textrm{TeV}$$ for $$p_{\textrm{T}}$$ $$<{20}\,\textrm{GeV}/c$$ . In addition, a significance of $$1.1\upsigma $$ is observed for $$R_{\textrm{pA}}<1$$ at the lower collision energy $$\sqrt{s_{\textrm{NN}}}={5.02}\,\textrm{TeV}$$ for $$p_{\textrm{T}} < {14}\,\textrm{GeV}/c$$ . The magnitude and shape of the suppression are consistent with pQCD predictions at NLO using nPDFs that incorporate nuclear shadowing effects in the Pb nucleus.

Italy

S. Acharya

India

A. Agarwal

Switzerland

G. Aglieri Rinella

L. Aglietta

M. Agnello

N. Agrawal

Z. Ahammed

S. Ahmad

South Korea

S. Ahn

Slovakia

I. Ahuja

A. Akindinov

Germany

V. Akishina

M. Al-Turany

D. Aleksandrov

B. Alessandro

China

H. Alfanda

Mexico

R. Alfaro Molina

B. Ali

A. Alici

United States

N. Alizadehvandchali

A. Alkin

Norway

J. Alme

G. Alocco

T. Alt

A. Altamura

I. Altsybeev

J. Alvarado

M. Anaam

Romania

C. Andrei

N. Andreou

A. Andronic

E. Andronov

V. Anguelov

F. Antinori

P. Antonioli

N. Apadula

H. Appelshäuser

France

C. Arata

S. Arcelli

R. Arnaldi

Brazil

J. Arneiro

I. Arsene

M. Arslandok

A. Augustinus

R. Averbeck

D. Averyanov

M. Azmi

Japan

H. Baba

A. Badalà

J. Bae

Y. Bae

Y. Baek

X. Bai

R. Bailhache

Y. Bailung

R. Bala

A. Baldisseri

Poland

B. Balis

S. Bangalia

Z. Banoo

V. Barbasova

F. Barile

L. Barioglio

Greece

M. Barlou

B. Barman

Hungary

G. Barnaföldi

L. Barnby

E. Barreau

V. Barret

L. Barreto

K. Barth

E. Bartsch

N. Bastid

Sweden

S. Basu

G. Batigne

D. Battistini

B. Batyunya

D. Bauri

Peru

J. Bazo Alba

Denmark

I. Bearden

P. Becht

D. Behera

I. Belikov

A. Bell Hechavarria

F. Bellini

R. Bellwied

S. Belokurova

L. Beltran

Y. Beltran

G. Bencedi

A. Bensaoula

S. Beole

Y. Berdnikov

A. Berdnikova

L. Bergmann

L. Bernardinis

L. Betev

P. Bhaduri

A. Bhasin

B. Bhattacharjee

Measurement of isolated prompt photon production in pp and p–Pb collisions at the LHC

In this paper, we identify a novel topological subclass, dubbed <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><msup><mover accent="true"><mi>W</mi><mo stretchy="false">˜</mo></mover><mrow><mn>1</mn><mo>+</mo></mrow></msup></math>, in the thermodynamics of higher odd-dimensional, multiply rotating Kerr anti–de Sitter (AdS) black holes. This discovery extends the established topological classification beyond the five classes and two subclasses previously known. The <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><msup><mover accent="true"><mi>W</mi><mo stretchy="false">˜</mo></mover><mrow><mn>1</mn><mo>+</mo></mrow></msup></math> subclass exhibits a unique and previously unreported stability profile: it admits a thermodynamically stable small black hole state in the low-temperature limit, while in the high-temperature limit, the phase space simultaneously contains one stable large black hole, one stable small black hole, and one unstable small black hole state. Our analysis, which treats black hole solutions as topological defects, reveals a richer landscape of black hole thermodynamics than previously understood and necessitates an expansion of the topological classification scheme to accommodate this new phenomenology.

Wangyu Ai

Di Wu

<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><msup><mover accent="true"><mi>W</mi><mo stretchy="false">˜</mo></mover><mrow><mn>1</mn><mo>+</mo></mrow></msup></math> subclass: Extending the topological classification of black hole thermodynamics

The first measurement at midrapidity (|$\textit{y}$|$\textit{ <}$ 0$\textit{.}$5) of the production yield of the strange-charm baryons $${\Xi }_{\text{c}}^{+}$$ and $${\Xi }_{\text{c}}^{0}$$ as a function of transverse momentum ($\textit{p}$ ) in different charged-particle multiplicity classes in proton-proton collisions at $$\sqrt{s}=13$$ TeV with the ALICE experiment at the LHC is reported. The $${\Xi }_{\text{c}}^{+}$$ baryon is reconstructed via the $${\Xi }_{\text{c}}^{+}\to {\Xi }^{-}{\pi }^{+}{\pi }^{+}$$ decay channel in the range 4 $\textit{< p}$ $\textit{<}$ 12 GeV$\textit{/c}$, while the $${\Xi }_{\text{c}}^{0}$$ baryon is reconstructed via both the $${\Xi}_{\text{c}}^{0}\to {\Xi}^{-}{\pi }^{+}$$ and $${\Xi}_{\text{c}}^{0}\to {\Xi}^{-}{\text{e}}^{+}{\nu }_{\text{e}}$$ decay channels in the range 2 $\textit{< p}$ $\textit{<}$ 12 GeV$\textit{/c}$. The baryon-to-meson $$\left({\Xi}_{\text{c}}^{0,+}/{\text{D}}^{0}\right)$$ and the baryon-to-baryon $$\left({\Xi}_{\text{c}}^{0,+}/{\Lambda}_{\text{c}}^{+}\right)$$ production yield ratios show no significant dependence on multiplicity. In addition, the observed yield ratios are not described by theoretical predictions that model charm-quark fragmentation based on measurements at e e and e p colliders, indicating differences in the charm-baryon production mechanism in pp collisions. A comparison with different event generators and tunings, including different modelling of the hadronisation process, is also discussed. Moreover, the branching-fraction ratio of $${\text{BR}}\left({\Xi}_{\text{c}}^{0}\to {\Xi }^{-}{\text{e}}^{+}{\nu }_{\text{e}}\right)/{\text{BR}}\left({\Xi}_{\text{c}}^{0}\to {\Xi }^{-}{\pi }^{+}\right)$$ is measured as 0.825 ± 0.094 (stat.) ± 0.081 (syst.). This value supersedes the previous ALICE measurement, improving the statistical precision by a factor of 1.6.

I. Abualrob

Indonesia

ZUL. Akbar

A. Babu

S. Behera

V. Bella

T. Bhalla

S. Bhattarai

L. Bianchi

Czechia

J. Bielčík

J. Bielčíková

Multiplicity dependence of $${\Xi }_{\text{c}}^{+}$$ and $${\Xi }_{\text{c}}^{0}$$ production in pp collisions at $$\sqrt{s}=13$$ TeV

The analysis of the latest most accurate experimental data on neutron decay for the possibility of the existence of the right vector boson <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mrow><msub><mi>W</mi><mi>R</mi></msub></mrow></math> is carried out. As a result of the analysis within the framework of the left-right symmetric model, it was found that there is an indication of the existence of the right vector boson <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mrow><msub><mi>W</mi><mi>R</mi></msub></mrow></math> with a mass of <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mrow><msub><mi>M</mi><mrow><msub><mi>W</mi><mi>R</mi></msub></mrow></msub><mo>=</mo><msubsup><mn>304</mn><mrow><mo>−</mo><mn>20</mn></mrow><mrow><mo>+</mo><mn>24</mn></mrow></msubsup><mtext> </mtext><mtext> </mtext><mi>GeV</mi></mrow></math>, and a mixing angle with <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mrow><msub><mi>W</mi><mi>L</mi></msub></mrow></math>: <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mrow><mi>ζ</mi><mo>=</mo><mo>−</mo><mn>0.039</mn><mo>±</mo><mn>0.0</mn><mn>1</mn><mn>4</mn></mrow></math>. It is shown that this result does not contradict the experiments at colliders to search for a hypothetical vector boson. In addition, it is shown that it is possible to describe the effects of <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mrow><mi>C</mi><mi>P</mi></mrow></math> violation in decays of neutral <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mi>K</mi></math>-mesons and <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mi>D</mi></math>-mesons using the parameters of the extended left-right symmetric model obtained from neutron decay, i.e., squared masses of the left and right bosons ratio and the mixing angle. The formation of baryon-lepton asymmetry of the Universe is considered within the framework of the left-right model of weak interaction with <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mrow><mi>C</mi><mi>P</mi></mrow></math> violation.

Russia

A.P. Serebrov

O.M. Zherebtsov

A.K. Fomin

R.M. Samoilov

N.S. Budanov

Analysis of experimental data on neutron decay for the possibility of the existence of the right vector boson <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><msub><mi>W</mi><mi>R</mi></msub></math>

The study of extra charged gauge bosons beyond the Standard Model has always been of great interest. Future muon colliders will have a significant advantage in discovering exotic particles. In this paper, by studying the $ \mu^+ \mu^- \to W^{\prime +} W^{\prime -} \to e^+ e^- n_e \bar{n}_e $ process, we explore the properties of $ W^\prime $ in the alternative left-right model. The cross section and angular distribution of the final electron are investigated in a scenario of different $ W^\prime $ masses and right-handed coupling constants. The forward-backward asymmetry is also an important observable to reflect the properties of $ W^\prime $ . We provide a method to effectively suppress the background processes by imposing constraints on the transverse momentum $ P_T $ and azimuthal angle of the final-state electrons $\textit{α}$. With cuts of $ 600 \lt P_T \lt 3500 $ GeV and $ 0.5 \lt \alpha \lt 3 $ , the significance exceeds 5$\textit{σ}$ for 4.8 TeV $ W^\prime $ at a collision energy of 10 TeV.

Liuxin Zhao

Honglei Li

Zhi-Long Han

Fei Huang

Xinyi Yan

Extra charged gauge boson $\textit{W}$′ in Alternative Left-Right Model at future muon collider * This work is supported by the Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province (ZR2022MA065, ZR2024QA138), and University of Jinan Disciplinary Cross-Convergence Construction Project 2024 (XKJC-202404)

We further scrutinize the evidence for a recently suggested pseudoscalar particle, the electroweak <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><msub><mi>η</mi><mi mathvariant="normal">w</mi></msub></math> meson. Its existence is demanded by matching the removal of the weak vacuum angle <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><msub><mi>θ</mi><mi mathvariant="normal">w</mi></msub></math> by the anomalous <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mi>B</mi><mo>+</mo><mi>L</mi></math> symmetry with a massive pole in the topological susceptibility of the vacuum. We specifically focus on the possibility of the emergence of <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><msub><mi>η</mi><mi mathvariant="normal">w</mi></msub></math> as a collective excitation of the phase of the condensate of the ’t Hooft fermion determinant, generated by the electroweak instantons, which breaks the <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mi>B</mi><mo>+</mo><mi>L</mi></math> symmetry spontaneously. We argue that the generation of the ’t Hooft vertex is in one-to-one correspondence with its nonzero vacuum expectation value which is cutoff insensitive. We outline certain puzzles about the nature of the emergent <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><msub><mi>η</mi><mi mathvariant="normal">w</mi></msub></math> which require further investigation.

Gia Dvali

Australia

Archil Kobakhidze

Otari Sakhelashvili

<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><msub><mi>η</mi><mi mathvariant="normal">w</mi></msub></math>-meson from topological properties of the electroweak vacuum

G. Aad

B. Abbott

K. Abeling

N. Abicht

S. Abidi

Morocco

A. Aboulhorma

Israel

H. Abramowicz

H. Abreu

Y. Abulaiti

Chile

A. Abusleme Hoffman

B. Acharya

C. Adam Bourdarios

L. Adamczyk

Canada

L. Adamek

S. Addepalli

M. Addison

J. Adelman

Türkiye

A. Adiguzel

T. Adye

A. Affolder

Y. Afik

Spain

M. Agaras

J. Agarwala

A. Aggarwal

C. Agheorghiesei

A. Ahmad

Erratum: Measurement of the total and differential cross-sections of $$ t\overline{t}W $$ production in $\textit{pp}$ collisions at $$ \sqrt{s}=13 $$ TeV with the ATLAS detector