A correction to this paper has been published: https://doi.org/10.1007/JHEP11(2024)130

Germany

United States

China

Netherlands

Erratum to: Inclusive $$ \overline{B}\to {X}_s{\ell}^{+}{\ell}^{-} $$ at the LHC: theory predictions and new-physics reach

We investigate the systematic uncertainties and potential biases arising from the inclusion of large-<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mi>x</mi></math> corrections to proton and deuteron deep inelastic scattering (DIS) data in global quantum chromodynamics (QCD) analyses. Using the CTEQ-JLab framework, we examine various approaches to implementing higher-twist corrections in nucleon structure functions and off-shell PDF modifications in deuteron targets. We analyze how these components interact and influence the determination of the <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mi>d</mi></math>-quark PDF and the neutron structure function at large <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mi>x</mi></math>. We find that it is very important to consider isospin-dependent higher-twist corrections in order to minimize implementation biases in the extracted quantities.

Systematic uncertainties from higher-twist corrections in DIS at large <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mi>x</mi></math>

We investigate the radiative decays of the <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mi>X</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mn>3872</mn><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></math> to <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mrow><mi>γ</mi><mi>V</mi><mtext> </mtext><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>V</mi><mo>=</mo><msup><mrow><mi>ρ</mi></mrow><mrow><mn>0</mn></mrow></msup><mo>,</mo><mi>ω</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></mrow></math> in the molecule scenario, where the <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mi>X</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mn>3872</mn><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></math> is regarded as a pure hadronic molecule of the <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mrow><mi>D</mi><msup><mrow><mover accent="true"><mrow><mi>D</mi></mrow><mrow><mo stretchy="false">¯</mo></mrow></mover></mrow><mrow><mo>*</mo></mrow></msup><mo>+</mo><mi mathvariant="normal">c</mi><mn>.</mn><mi mathvariant="normal">c</mi><mn>.</mn></mrow></math> in an <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mi>S</mi></math>-wave with the quantum numbers <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><msup><mi>J</mi><mrow><mi>P</mi><mi>C</mi></mrow></msup><mo>=</mo><msup><mn>1</mn><mrow><mo>+</mo><mo>+</mo></mrow></msup></math>. The radiative processes were assumed to occur via the triangle hadronic loops, and the relevant calculations were conducted using an effective Lagrangian approach. It is found that the absolute decay widths are model-dependent, but the relative width ratio is rather independent of the model parameter. Moreover, the calculated results indicate that the radiative decays of the <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mi>X</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mn>3872</mn><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></math> are strongly influenced by the molecular configuration characterized by the proportion of the charged and neutral constituents. We hope that the present calculations could be tested by the experimental measurements.

Radiative decays of <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mi>X</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mn>3872</mn><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></math> in <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mi>D</mi><msup><mover accent="true"><mi>D</mi><mo stretchy="false">¯</mo></mover><mo>*</mo></msup></math> molecule scenario

The longitudinal structure function is considered as the next-to-leading order approximation using the expansion method, defined by Ducati and Goncalves [Phys. Lett. B 390 , 401 (1997)] and further developed by Chen $\textit{et al}$. [Chin. Phys. C 48 , 063104 (2024)]. This method provides results for a wide range of $\textit{x}$ and $ Q^2$ values. The longitudinal structure function has been observed to depend on the fractional momentum carried by gluons at low $\textit{x}$. The extracted longitudinal structure functions $ F_{L}(x,Q^2)$ were in line with the data from the H1 Collaboration [Andreev $\textit{et al}$. (H1 Collaboration), Eur. Phys. J. C 74 , 2814 (2014)] and the CT18 parametrization method [Hou $\textit{et al}$. Phys. Rev. D 103 , 014013 (2021)].

Iran

An analysis of the longitudinal structure function at next-to-leading order approximation at small-x * G. R. Boroun Supported by Razi University

We demonstrate that the scalar-mediator dark-matter scenario is consistent with the experimental data on the decay <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mi>B</mi><mo stretchy="false">→</mo><mi>K</mi><msub><mi>M</mi><mi>X</mi></msub></math> and provides a good description of the shape of the observed excess. Within this scenario, the interaction with dark-matter particles leads to approximately the same excess in <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mi mathvariant="normal">Γ</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>B</mi><mo stretchy="false">→</mo><msup><mi>K</mi><mo>*</mo></msup><msub><mi>M</mi><mi>X</mi></msub><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></math> and <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mi mathvariant="normal">Γ</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>B</mi><mo stretchy="false">→</mo><mi>K</mi><msub><mi>M</mi><mi>X</mi></msub><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></math> compared to the Standard Model; also the differential distributions of the excess events are similar in shape in the variable <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><msubsup><mi>q</mi><mi>rec</mi><mn>2</mn></msubsup></math> measured by experiment.

Russia

Austria

JINR

Analysis of <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><msubsup><mi>q</mi><mi>rec</mi><mn>2</mn></msubsup></math>-distribution for <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mi>B</mi><mo stretchy="false">→</mo><mi>K</mi><msub><mi>M</mi><mi>X</mi></msub></math> and <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mi>B</mi><mo stretchy="false">→</mo><msup><mi>K</mi><mo>*</mo></msup><msub><mi>M</mi><mi>X</mi></msub></math> decays in a scalar-mediator dark-matter scenario

The observation of <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><msub><mi>X</mi><mn>0</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mn>2900</mn><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></math> in the <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><msup><mi>B</mi><mo>+</mo></msup><mo stretchy="false">→</mo><msup><mi>D</mi><mo>+</mo></msup><msup><mi>D</mi><mo>−</mo></msup><msup><mi>K</mi><mo>+</mo></msup></math> decay process indicates the existence of open flavor tetraquark states. We investigate the production and decay of the <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><msub><mi>X</mi><mn>0</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mn>2900</mn><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></math> state with the final state interaction mechanism, where we calculate the strong vertices such as <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><msub><mi>g</mi><mrow><mover accent="true"><mi>D</mi><mo stretchy="false">¯</mo></mover><mi>K</mi><msub><mi>X</mi><mn>0</mn></msub></mrow></msub></math>, <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><msub><mi>g</mi><mrow><msup><mover accent="true"><mi>D</mi><mo stretchy="false">¯</mo></mover><mo>*</mo></msup><msup><mi>K</mi><mo>*</mo></msup><msub><mi>X</mi><mn>0</mn></msub></mrow></msub></math>, <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><msub><mi>g</mi><mrow><msubsup><mi>D</mi><mi>s</mi><mo>*</mo></msubsup><mover accent="true"><mi>D</mi><mo stretchy="false">¯</mo></mover><mi>K</mi></mrow></msub></math>, and <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><msub><mi>g</mi><mrow><msub><mi>D</mi><mrow><mi>s</mi><mn>1</mn></mrow></msub><mover accent="true"><mi>D</mi><mo stretchy="false">¯</mo></mover><msup><mi>K</mi><mo>*</mo></msup></mrow></msub></math> in the framework of the QCD sum rule method. We find that for the interpretation of the <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><msup><mover accent="true"><mi>D</mi><mo stretchy="false">¯</mo></mover><mo>*</mo></msup><msup><mi>K</mi><mo>*</mo></msup></math> molecule of <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><msub><mi>X</mi><mn>0</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mn>2900</mn><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></math>, the branching fraction of the production process and the decay width are consistent with the experimental results, indicating that the observed <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><msub><mi>X</mi><mn>0</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mn>2900</mn><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></math> could be interpreted as a <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><msup><mover accent="true"><mi>D</mi><mo stretchy="false">¯</mo></mover><mo>*</mo></msup><msup><mi>K</mi><mo>*</mo></msup></math> molecule. However, we cannot exclude the possibility of a compact tetraquark interpretation within the uncertainty. More experimental and theoretical efforts are needed to fully understand the nature of the <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><msub><mi>X</mi><mn>0</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mn>2900</mn><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></math> state.

Japan

Production and decay of the <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><msub><mi>X</mi><mn>0</mn></msub><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mn>2900</mn><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></math> state with different interpretations

The high-precision kaonic neon X-ray transitions measurement performed by the SIDDHARTA-2 collaboration at the DAΦNE collider is reported. Both the X-ray energies and yields for high-n transitions were measured, demonstrating the feasibility of sub-eV X-ray spectroscopy for kaonic atoms using low-Z gaseous targets. The measurement provides valuable insights into the de-excitation processes in kaonic atoms, providing new input data for the refinement of the corresponding theoretical models, and a framework for testing Quantum Electrodynamics in strange exotic atoms.

Italy

Romania

Croatia

Poland

High precision X-ray spectroscopy of kaonic neon

The origin of tiny neutrino mass is a long standing unsolved puzzle of the Standard Model (SM), which allows us to consider scenarios beyond the Standard Model (BSM) in a variety of ways. One of them being a gauge extension of the SM that may be realized as in the form of an anomaly free, general <math altimg='si1.svg'><mi>U</mi><msub><mrow><mo stretchy='false'>(</mo><mn>1</mn><mo stretchy='false'>)</mo></mrow><mrow><mi>X</mi></mrow></msub></math> extension of the SM, where an <math altimg='si2.svg'><mi>S</mi><mi>U</mi><msub><mrow><mo stretchy='false'>(</mo><mn>2</mn><mo stretchy='false'>)</mo></mrow><mrow><mi>L</mi></mrow></msub></math> triplet scalar with a <math altimg='si1.svg'><mi>U</mi><msub><mrow><mo stretchy='false'>(</mo><mn>1</mn><mo stretchy='false'>)</mo></mrow><mrow><mi>X</mi></mrow></msub></math> charge is introduced to have Dirac Yukawa couplings with the SM lepton doublets. Once the triplet scalar develops a Vacuum Expectation Value (VEV), light neutrinos acquire their tiny Majorana masses. Hence, the decay modes of the triplet scalar have direct connection to the neutrino oscillation data for different neutrino mass hierarchies. After the breaking of the <math altimg='si1.svg'><mi>U</mi><msub><mrow><mo stretchy='false'>(</mo><mn>1</mn><mo stretchy='false'>)</mo></mrow><mrow><mi>X</mi></mrow></msub></math> gauge symmetry, a neutral <math altimg='si1.svg'><mi>U</mi><msub><mrow><mo stretchy='false'>(</mo><mn>1</mn><mo stretchy='false'>)</mo></mrow><mrow><mi>X</mi></mrow></msub></math> gauge boson <math altimg='si3.svg'><mo stretchy='false'>(</mo><msup><mrow><mi>Z</mi></mrow><mrow><mo>&#8242;</mo></mrow></msup><mo stretchy='false'>)</mo></math> acquires mass, which interacts differently with the left and right handed SM fermions. Satisfying the recent LHC bounds on the triplet scalar and <math altimg='si10.svg'><msup><mrow><mi>Z</mi></mrow><mrow><mo>&#8242;</mo></mrow></msup></math> boson productions, we study the pair production of the triplet scalar at LHC, 100 TeV proton proton collider FCC, <math altimg='si5.svg'><msup><mrow><mi>e</mi></mrow><mrow><mo linebreak='badbreak' linebreakstyle='after'>&#8722;</mo></mrow></msup><msup><mrow><mi>e</mi></mrow><mrow><mo linebreak='badbreak' linebreakstyle='after'>+</mo></mrow></msup></math> and <math altimg='si6.svg'><msup><mrow><mi>&#956;</mi></mrow><mrow><mo linebreak='badbreak' linebreakstyle='after'>&#8722;</mo></mrow></msup><msup><mrow><mi>&#956;</mi></mrow><mrow><mo linebreak='badbreak' linebreakstyle='after'>+</mo></mrow></msup></math> colliders followed by its decay into dominant dilepton modes whose flavor structure depend on the neutrino mass hierarchy. Generating the SM backgrounds, we study the possible signal significance of four lepton final states from the triplet scalar pair production. We also compare our results with the purely SM gauge mediated triplet scalar pair production followed by four lepton final states, which could be significant only in <math altimg='si6.svg'><msup><mrow><mi>&#956;</mi></mrow><mrow><mo linebreak='badbreak' linebreakstyle='after'>&#8722;</mo></mrow></msup><msup><mrow><mi>&#956;</mi></mrow><mrow><mo linebreak='badbreak' linebreakstyle='after'>+</mo></mrow></msup></math> collider.

Testing neutrino mass hierarchy under type-II seesaw scenario in <italic>U</italic>(1) <inf><italic>X</italic></inf> from colliders

We investigate the heavy-quark expansion (HQE) for inclusive semileptonic $$ \overline{B} $$ decays, at tree level, by computing the fully differential decay rate up to order $$ \mathcal{O}\left({\Lambda}_{\textrm{QCD}}^5/{m}_b^5\right) $$ . We provide analytic results for the first three moments in the lepton energy, hadronic invariant mass and leptonic invariant mass ($\textit{q}$ ) with a lower cut on the lepton energy in the $$ \overline{B} $$ rest frame, as well as for the first three $\textit{q}$ moments with a lower cut on $\textit{q}$ . By means of the lowest-lying state saturation ansatz we study the numerical behaviour of the HQE providing insights into the theoretical error budget associated with power corrections. Available CLEO data on the second central $\textit{q}$ moment with a lower cut on the lepton energy present puzzling discrepancies with the theoretical expectations. This observation makes new measurements of these observables desirable, which could improve the precision of global fit analyses for the inclusive determination of |$\textit{V}$ |.

Kinematic moments of $$ \overline{B}\to {X}_c\ell {\overline{\nu}}_{\ell } $$ to order $$ \mathcal{O}\left({\Lambda}_{\textrm{QCD}}^5/{m}_b^5\right) $$

We study the generation of baryon asymmetry through the flavored resonant leptogenesis in the <math altimg='si1.svg'><mi>U</mi><msub><mrow><mo stretchy='false'>(</mo><mn>1</mn><mo stretchy='false'>)</mo></mrow><mrow><mi>X</mi></mrow></msub></math> extension of the Standard Model. Being a generalization of the <math altimg='si2.svg'><mi>U</mi><msub><mrow><mo stretchy='false'>(</mo><mn>1</mn><mo stretchy='false'>)</mo></mrow><mrow><mi>B</mi><mtext>-</mtext><mi>L</mi></mrow></msub></math>, <math altimg='si1.svg'><mi>U</mi><msub><mrow><mo stretchy='false'>(</mo><mn>1</mn><mo stretchy='false'>)</mo></mrow><mrow><mi>X</mi></mrow></msub></math> is an ultraviolet-complete model of the right-handed neutrinos (RHNs), whose CP violating out-of-equilibrium decays lead to the generation of baryon asymmetry via leptogenesis. We can also explain the neutrino masses via the seesaw mechanism in this model. We consider three different cases for different <math altimg='si1.svg'><mi>U</mi><msub><mrow><mo stretchy='false'>(</mo><mn>1</mn><mo stretchy='false'>)</mo></mrow><mrow><mi>X</mi></mrow></msub></math> charges of the scalar particle responsible for <math altimg='si1.svg'><mi>U</mi><msub><mrow><mo stretchy='false'>(</mo><mn>1</mn><mo stretchy='false'>)</mo></mrow><mrow><mi>X</mi></mrow></msub></math> breaking at TeV-scale. These include the popular <math altimg='si2.svg'><mi>U</mi><msub><mrow><mo stretchy='false'>(</mo><mn>1</mn><mo stretchy='false'>)</mo></mrow><mrow><mi>B</mi><mtext>-</mtext><mi>L</mi></mrow></msub></math> and <math altimg='si3.svg'><mi>U</mi><msub><mrow><mo stretchy='false'>(</mo><mn>1</mn><mo stretchy='false'>)</mo></mrow><mrow><mi>R</mi></mrow></msub></math> models, as well as a <math altimg='si4.svg'><mi>U</mi><msub><mrow><mo stretchy='false'>(</mo><mn>1</mn><mo stretchy='false'>)</mo></mrow><mrow><mi>C</mi></mrow></msub></math> model which maximizes the collider signal. We numerically solve the flavored Boltzmann transport equations to calculate the total baryon asymmetry. We show that all three cases considered here can naturally explain the observed baryon asymmetry of the Universe in a large portion of the available parameter space, while satisfying the neutrino oscillation data. We find that the <math altimg='si4.svg'><mi>U</mi><msub><mrow><mo stretchy='false'>(</mo><mn>1</mn><mo stretchy='false'>)</mo></mrow><mrow><mi>C</mi></mrow></msub></math> case offers successful leptogenesis in a larger portion of the parameter space as compared to <math altimg='si2.svg'><mi>U</mi><msub><mrow><mo stretchy='false'>(</mo><mn>1</mn><mo stretchy='false'>)</mo></mrow><mrow><mi>B</mi><mtext>-</mtext><mi>L</mi></mrow></msub></math> and <math altimg='si3.svg'><mi>U</mi><msub><mrow><mo stretchy='false'>(</mo><mn>1</mn><mo stretchy='false'>)</mo></mrow><mrow><mi>R</mi></mrow></msub></math>. We also perform a comparative study between the flavored and unflavored leptogenesis parameter space. Finally, we also study the collider prospects for all these scenarios using the lepton number violating signal of <math altimg='si5.svg'><mi>p</mi><mi>p</mi><mo stretchy='false'>&#8594;</mo><msup><mrow><mi>&#8467;</mi></mrow><mrow><mo>&#177;</mo></mrow></msup><msup><mrow><mi>&#8467;</mi></mrow><mrow><mo>&#177;</mo></mrow></msup><mo linebreak='goodbreak' linebreakstyle='after'>+</mo></math>jets mediated by the <math altimg='si49.svg'><msup><mrow><mi>Z</mi></mrow><mrow><mo>&#8242;</mo></mrow></msup></math> boson associated with <math altimg='si1.svg'><mi>U</mi><msub><mrow><mo stretchy='false'>(</mo><mn>1</mn><mo stretchy='false'>)</mo></mrow><mrow><mi>X</mi></mrow></msub></math>. We find that HL-LHC may be able to probe a small portion of the relevant parameter space having successful leptogenesis, if neutrinos have normal mass ordering, while a <math altimg='si128.svg'><msqrt><mrow><mi>s</mi></mrow></msqrt><mo linebreak='goodbreak' linebreakstyle='after'>=</mo><mn>100</mn></math> TeV future collider can access a much larger region of the parameter space, thereby offering an opportunity to test resonant leptogenesis in the <math altimg='si1.svg'><mi>U</mi><msub><mrow><mo stretchy='false'>(</mo><mn>1</mn><mo stretchy='false'>)</mo></mrow><mrow><mi>X</mi></mrow></msub></math> model.